Genus LATEBRARIA Guenée

(1) Latebraria amphipyroides Guenée.

There is only one species of the genus known to occur within the faunal limits covered by this book. It is a straggler from the South American and Mexican territories, in which it is quite common. The accompanying cut based upon a drawing made from a specimen contained in the collection of the United States National Museum at Washington, will,

no doubt, enable the student FIG. 167.-Latebraria amphipyroides, to readily recognize the

species, which is not likely to be confounded with anything else.

Genus EREBUS Latreille

This is a genus of large moths most in evidence in the tropics of the New World. Only one species occurs in the United States. (1) Erebus odora Linnæus, Plate XXXVII, Fig. 2, 9.

Syn. agarista Cramer.

This great moth is very common in the tropical regions of America. It occurs quite abundantly in southern Florida and the warmer portions of the Gulf States, and is universally distributed over the countries of Central America and throughout tropical South America. It is found as a straggler into the northern portions of the United States, and has even been taken in Canada. I have in my collection a specimen which was taken at Leadville, Colorado, in a snowstorm which occurred there one Fourth of July. The insect, blown to that lofty and desolate spot, was caught fluttering about in the drifts.

Genus THYSANIA Dalman

(1) Thysania zenobia Cramer, Plate XXXVII, Fig. 1, 9. This is another great South American moth, which occasionally occurs within our territory. It has been taken in Florida

and southern Texas. It is a very abundant species in Mexico and South America.

Genus EPIZEUXIS Hübner

This is a genus of considerable.size. The larvæ feed upon dried leaves for the most part. Eleven species are attributed to our fauna, five of which we figure.

(1) Epizeuxis americalis Guenée. Syn. scriptipennis Walker.

The range of this insect is from Canada to Texas east of the Rocky MounC tains. It is exceedingly common in the woods of the Appalachian subregion, and is one of the moths which are most commonly attracted to sugar. The life history has been well ascertained, and has been entertainly described by Professor C. V. Riley in the Fourth Volume of Insect Life." The reader is referred to the account there given for fuller details.

FIG. 168.-Epizeuxis americalis. a, Larva enlarged; b, Dorsal view of larval segment; c, Lateral

view of do.; d. Cremaster of pupa. (After Riley, "Insect Life," Vol. IV, P. III.)

(2) Epizeuxis æmula Hübner. Syn. mollifera Walker; herminioides Walker; effusalis Walker; concisa Walker.

The range and the habits of this species are very much the same as those of the last mentioned species. Like it, the insect is also very frequent at sugar, and on a warm summer night, in the forests of southern Indiana, I have seen as many as twenty of these moths at one time, congregated about a spot on the trunk of a tree, which had been moistened with beer in which sugar had been dis

solved.

RC

d

(3) Epizeuxis lubricalis Geyer, laterally; c, do. viewed dor

Plate XXXVII, Fig. 29, 9.

Syn. phaalis Guenée; surrectalis Walker.

sally; d, Tip of pupa; e, Moth. (After Riley," Insect Life," Vol. IV, p. 110.)

The species occurs generally throughout the United States and Canada.

(4) Epizeuxis denticulalis Harvey, Plate XXXVII, Fig. 27, 3. The insect is found from the Atlantic to the Mississippi and from Canada to the Carolinas.

(5) Epizeuxis scobialis Grote, Plate XXXVII, Fig. 28, ?. The moth occurs from New England to the Trans-Mississippi States, east of the Great Plains.

Genus ZANCLOGNATHA Lederer

The genus is of moderate size. All of the species known are found in the Appalachian subregion, and have within it a wide range.

(1) Zanclognatha lævigata Grote, Plate XXXVII, Fig. 21, 8. The species is somewhat variable

in the amount of dark shading upon the fore wings. It is distributed from Canada to the southern states.

(2) Zanclognatha protumnusalis Walker.

Syn. minimalis Grote.

M

a

b

d

FIG. 170.-Zanclognatha pro

tumnusalis.

a, Moth; b, Male

The moth has much the same range as the last-mentioned species. Its life history has been accurately ascertained, and Professor C. V. Riley has given us an account of the habits of the insect in the paper to which reference has already been made. The types of both Walker's and Grote's insects are preserved in the British Museum, and there is no doubt of their identity.

antenna; c, Larva; d, Dorsal view of larval segment; e, lateral view of do.; b, d, e, Enlarged. (After Riley, "Insect Life," Vol. IV, p. 111.)

(3) Zanclognatha ochreipennis Grote, Plate XXXVII, Fig.

22, .

The habitat and the habits of this species are much the same as those of the preceding.

(4) Zanclognatha lituralis Hübner, Plate XXXVII, Fig.

20, .

The moth is widely distributed throughout the Appalachian subregion.