Louis Pasteur: His Life and LaboursLongmans, Green, & Company, 1885 - 300 стор. |
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Academy of Sciences acetic acid alcohol ammonia animal appear attacked attenuation bacteria become beer Biot blood body boiling bottle bulbs butyric carbonic acid cause chemical cocoons contagium corpuscles cows crystals cultivation culture Davaine death deposit discovery disease dogs dust École Normale eggs existence experiments fact fermentation filaments flacherie fowl cholera free oxygen germs guinea-pigs heat hydrophobia infected infusion inoculated intestinal canal Jaillard and Leplat laboratory labours lactic ferment Liebig liquid living malady matter Maurice Raynaud microbe microbe of fowl microscopic organisms Mitscherlich moths moulting multiply mycoderm mycoderma aceti observed organised oxygen parasite paratartrate Pasteur pébrine plane of polarisation plane of symmetry Pouchet presence produced proved putrefaction quantity rabbits Radot remained render researches scientific septic vibrio septicemia sheep silkworm sown splenic fever spontaneous spores substances surface tartaric acid tartrate temperature tion tube vaccinated vibrios vinegar virulence virus wine yeast
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Сторінка 176 - that he that thoroughly understands the nature of ferments and fermentations shall probably be much better able than he that ignores them to give a fair account of divers phenomena of several diseases (as well fevers as others) which will perhaps be never properly understood without an insight into the doctrine of fermentations.
Сторінка 29 - One day, in 1853, Pasteur said:s7 The Universe is a dissymmetrical whole. I am inclined to think that life, as manifested to us, must be a function of the dissymmetry of the universe and of the consequences it produces. The universe is dissymmetrical...
Сторінка 9 - •The paratartrate and the tartrate of soda and ammonia have the same chemical composition, the same crystalline form, the same angles, the same specific weight, the same double refraction, and consequently the same inclination of the optic axes. Dissolved in water, their refraction is the same. But while dissolved tartrate causes the plane of polarized light to rotate, the paratartrate exerts no such action.
Сторінка 180 - Allow me to take this opportunity to tender you my most cordial thanks for having, by your brilliant researches, demonstrated to me the truth of the germ theory of putrefaction, and thus furnished me with the principle upon which alone the antiseptic system can be carried out.
Сторінка 41 - Dr. H. Newell Martin. NOTE 4. — " All that has lived must die, all that is dead must be disintegrated, dissolved, or gasified ; the elements which are the substratum of life must enter into new cycles of life. If things were otherwise the matter of organized beings would encumber the earth, and the law of the perpetuity of life would be compromised by the gradual exhaustion of its materials.
Сторінка xxxvi - To exhaust a soil, however, a parasite less vigorous and destructive than the really virulent one may suffice ; and, if, after having by means of a feebler organism exhausted the soil, without fatal result, the most highly virulent parasite be introduced into the system, it will prove powerless.
Сторінка 240 - The experiments began on May 5, 1881, at four kilometres' distance from Melun, in a farm of the commune of Pouilly-le-Fort, belonging to a veterinary doctor, M. Rossignol, Secretary-general of the Society of Melun. At the desire of the Society of Agriculture, a goat had been substituted for one of the twenty-five sheep of the first lot. On the 5th of May they inoculated, by means of the little syringe of Pravaz — that which is used in all hypodermic injections — twenty-four sheep, the goat and...
Сторінка xxix - ... corpusculous matter had been spread ; they were infected by inoculation, and it was shown how they infected each other by the wounds and scratches of their own claws. By the association of healthy with diseased worms, the infection was communicated to the former. Infection at a distance was also produced by the wafting of the corpuscles through the air. The various modes in which communicable diseases are diffused among human populations were illustrated by Pasteur's treatment of the silkworms....
Сторінка xxiii - He finally divided microscopic organisms into two great classes, which he named respectively aerobics and ancerobies, the former requiring free oxygen to maintain life, the latter capable of living without free oxygen, but able to wrest this element from its combinations with, other elements. This destruction of pre-existing compounds and formation of new ones, caused by the increase and multiplication of the organism, constitute the process of fermentation.
Сторінка xxii - Cagniard-Latour and Schwann. Pasteur next permitted his little organism to take the carbon necessary for its growth from the pure paratartrate of ammonia. Owing to the opposition of its two classes of crystals, a solution of this salt, it will be remembered, does not turn the plane of polarised light either to the right or to the left. Soon after fermentation had set in, a rotation to the left was noticed, proving that the equilibrium previously existing between the two classes of crystals had ceased.