tenant-general Stewart gave the ground on which the church was erected, and some time after bequeathed to the parish the sum of 4000l. towards erecting and endowing a charity school.

The rectors of eminence were Dr. Moss, bishop of Bath and Wells. The hon. Dr. COURTENAY, bishop of Exeter. It was the simoniacal aim to procure this rectory, that caused the misfortunes of the unhappy Dr. Dodd.

HANOVER SQUARE, was built soon after the accession of the Brunswick family to the throne of these kingdoms; and, as well as George Street, exhibits many examples of the German stile of architecture in private houses. The area contains about two acres of ground, inclosed in the middle with rails*.

On the east side of the square are the Concert Rooms, which were originally opened under the conduct of Messrs. Harrison and Knyvett. The plan of the undertaking was for vocal concerts, to consist of airs, glees, duets, and other pieces in parts, accompanied occasionally by instrumental music. The organ, by ELLIOT, is universally admired for its powers, and the beauty of its tone. It has two sets of keys, the great organ and swell, with all the various stops common in large organs. The diaparons are upon a larger scale than any other in London. The bellows act upon an entirely new principle, the invention of Mr. Elliot.

Mr. Ralph, in his Review of Public Buildings, remarks, "that the upper end of George Street, towards Hanover Square, is laid out so considerably wider than at the other end, that it quite reverses the perspective, and shews the end of the vista broader than at the beginning; which was calculated to give a noble view of this square from its entrance, and a better prospect down the street from the other side, and both way the effects answer the intention." He adds, "that the view down George Street, from the upper side of the square, is one of the most entertaining in this whole city: the sides of the square, the area in the middle, the breaks of building that form the entrance of the vista, the vista itself; but, above all, the beautiful projection of the portico of St. George's church, are all circumstances that unite in beauty, and render the scene perfect" Mr. Malton says, "This view has more the air of an Italian scene, than any other in London."

In

In PRINCES STREET resided Mr. JOSEPH MERLIN, an ingenious mechanic, who formed a museum in this street, consisting of automata and other specimens of mechanical ingenuity. Among the great number of ingenious inventions the following are the most remarkable: A new invented clock, the hydraulic vase, a band of mechanical music, a mechanical cruising frigate, the temple of Flora, Merlin's cave, the juggler playing with cups and balls, the card machine, the gambling machine, a barrel harpsichord, the antique whispering busts, the vocal harp, the bird-cage for ladies, the aerial cavalcade, the artificial flying bat.

After his death, in 1803, the museum was dispersed by public auction.

On the north side of the square is HAREWOOD HOUSE. This noble mansion was originally built from an elegant design of Messrs. Adam, for the late duke of Roxburgh, After his grace's decease it was purchased by lord Harewood, and took its present name from that circumstance.

Crossing Oxford Street, HOLLES STREET leads to Cavendish Square, of which mention has already been made; at the north-west corner of which is HARLEY STREET, whence MANSFIELD STREET forms an avenue to PORTLAND PLACE.

"This is one of the most regular and spacious streets, not only in the parish, but we may with great justice add, in the world. It is one hundred and twenty-five feet wide, terminated at the south end by FOLEY HOUSE, and at the north end by an open railing, which separates the street from a field, extending to the NEW ROAD. The ample width of the foot pavement, the air flowing in from the north, the prospect of the rich and elevated villages of Hampstead and Highgate, cause PORTLAND PLACE to be an agreeable summer promenade; and it is frequented in an evening by all the beauty and fashion of the vicinity. The public is indebted for this fine street to the ingenuity of Mr. ROBERT ADAM, and a restrictive clause in the agreement between the Portland family, and the ancestor of the present lord Foley. When the latter determined to

build FOLEY HOUSE, in the fields near Cavendish Square, he stipulated, "that no other building should be erected upon the same estate to the north: this stipulation, it is probable, had no other object, than to prevent any accidental nuisance to Foley House; but when the riches which flowed into the country, after the peace of 1763, had excited a rage for building, and houses rose like exhalations in the parish of Mary-la-Bonne, both parties discovered its importance; the ancestor of lord Foley then saw the cheerfulness of his house preserved by the force of this stipulation, and the duke of Portland felt that his projected improvements were checked by the same means. Mr. Adam contrived, in some measure, to reconcile these jarring interests, by making a street, equal in width to the whole extent of Foley House; thus conforming to the letter of the covenant without materially affecting the prospect, er obstructing the ardour of speculation.

"FOLEY HOUSE possesses an enviable situation, and would scarcely be rivalled by any house in London, were it a little more elevated, and the wall which separates the garden from Portland Place exchanged for an open railing. This situation, however, is a considerable inconvenience to the street, and deprives it of an approach from the south."

Returning by PORTLAND CHAPEL, through EDWARD STREET, and BOLSOVER STREET, we arrive nearly facing KING STREET, in which is KING STREET CHAPEL. This is a chapel of ease to St. James's, and was first erected of wood by Dr. Tennison, and other well disposed persons: it was rebuilt of brick in 1702, and is a very spacious and beautiful chapel, with a beautiful organ, altar piece, galleries, and other ornaments.

Through MAJOR FOUBERT'S PASSAGE, is a way to GREAT MARLBOROUGH STREET, and POLAND STREET, near which, in OXFORD STREET, is situated THE PANTHEON. This once noble structure was originally built in the best stile, and ornamented with the richest decorations and embellishments, for entertainments of the nobility, consisting of musical pieces, masquerades, balls, &c.; but, on the 14th

of

of January 1792, the whole was destroyed by fire; the loss amounted to 60,000l. only 15,000l. of which was insured. It has been in some degree repaired, and is at present used for exhibitions and lectures; the elegant front and portico still remain.

On the north side of Oxford Street, at the end of BERNER'S STREET, is situated THE MIDDLESEX HOSPITAL.

The charitable designs of this hospital were carried on for several years in two convenient houses adjoining to each other, in Windmill Street, Tottenham Court Road, where the first institution, in August 1745, was intended only for the relief of the indigent sick and lame; but in July 1747, the governors, willing to render it more worthy the notice. of the public, extended their plan to the relief of the pregnant wives of the industrious poor; when the great increase of patients soon obliged the governors to think of enlarging their edifice, as well as their plan; and the kind benevolence of the public by donations, legacies, &c. enabled them, in 1755, to erect the present more extensive building. The apartments for the reception of the lying-in women are in a separate part of the building, remote from the sick and lame; and that ladies may visit the lying-in patients without being incommoded by the invalids; different staircases lead to each, the lying-in wards having

no communication with the other.

The patients are attended by three eminent physicians, a man-midwife, three surgeons, and a divine. The physicians visit the patients every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, and on intermediate days, when particular cases require it. The surgeons attend every day. There are also a house surgeon and apothecary.

Patients are admitted on a letter of recommendation from a governor or contributor, who may recommend in-patients, and have out-patients on the books, according to the regulation before mentioned; and when in-patients are recommended, and there is not room in the house to receive them, they are put on the list to be admitted on the first vacancy, and in the mean time are prescribed for as outpatients.

3

No

No security is required for burials.

All accidents are admitted without recommendation.

Married women only are admitted (in the last month of their pregnancy) after they have been examined by the weekly board; and on their producing an affidavit made before a justice of peace, of the time and place of their marriage, and of the settlement of the husband, with the manner the said settlement was obtained, whether by birth, servitude, or otherwise.

The servants of the house are forbid to take any gratuity of the patients or their friends, on any pretence whatsoever, on pain of expulsion.

At the back of this hospital in Cleveland Street, is FITZROY SQUARE, of which only the east and south sides are built; the war, in consequence of the French revolution, having checked its progress. The houses are faced with stone, and have a greater proportion of architectural embellishment, than the mansions of any other square in the metropolis. They were designed by the ADAMS. Near the square is a market, well frequented.

GRAFTON STREET leads to TOTTENHAM COURT ROAD, On the west side of which is a CHAPEL, erected by the rev. George Whitfield, in 1756, for those of his persuasion. It is spacious, but uncouth, and is well attended. The cemetery is also very large.

PERCY STREET leads to RATHBONE PLACE, so called from captain Rathbone, who constructed buildings here previously to 1721.

NEWMAN STREET, Oxford Street, is remarkable for being the residence of the following eminent artists: Mr. West, the late Mr. Russell, Banks, Bacon, Ward, &c. BER, NERS STREET Contains very large and magnificent houses.

Nearly opposite Newman Street is DEAN STREET, Soho, at the south end of which is situated the parish church of

VOL. IV. No. 93.

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