SPORIFERI. Naked Spores. FUNGALES. LINDLEY. Hysterophytal or epiphytal, cellular, flowerless plants, deriving nutriment by means of a mycelium, from the matrix, never producing from their component threads, green bodies resembling chlorophyll (gonidia).* Spores naked, mostly terminal, seated on inconspicuous threads, free or inclosed in a perithecium. HYPHOMYCETES. Spores naked, variously seated on conspicuous threads, which are rarely compacted; mostly small in proportion to the threads. • Berkeley's Introduction to Cryptogamic Botany. 1857. HYMENIUM SUPERIOR, or circumambient. HYMENIUM INFERIOR, except in resupinate forms. SPORIDIIFERI. Sporidia insaes. PHYSOMYCETES. Fertile cells seated on threads not compacted into an hymenium. ASCOMYCETES. Asci formed from the fertile cells of an hymenium. SYNOPSIS of HYMENOMYCETES. Berkeley. AGARICINI. Fries. Fructifying surface lamellose. POLYPOREI. Fries. Fructifying surface porose or tubular. HYDNEI. Fries. Fructifying surface clothed with prickles. AURICULARINI. Fries. Fructifying surface even, without folds, tubes, prickles, Clavate or variously branched, rarely lobed or gelatinous. Lobed, convolute, or disciform, gelatinous; fertile threads not compacted into a true hymenium. Synopsis of AGARICINI. Fries Ep. I-Gills soft, membranaceous, splitting longitudinally with ease, edge single. Genus 1. AGARICUS. 980 Species. Fries Ep.* Gills neither compacted nor dissolving into black juice; trama concrete with the sub-floccose substance of the pileus; basidia crowned with sterigmata, bearing simple spores, which are at length driven off. Genus 2. COPRINUS. 50 Species. Fries Ep. Genus 3. AGARICUS in part E.F. Gills at first compacted, at length dissolving into black juice; trama none; spores brown-purple or blackish. Mostly fime tarious. BOLBITIUS. 6 Species. Fries Ep. AGARICUS in part E.F. Gills at first compacted, at length sub-deliquescent; spores Genus 4. CORTINARIUS. 216 Species. Fries Ep. Genus 5. Volva, when present discrete; veil, when present arachnoid or fibrillose; gills changing colour, becoming dry, powdered with the cinnamon spores, which are not driven off in drying. The spores shed on paper appear sub-ochraceous. Fleshy. Terrestrial. PAXILLUS. 9 Species. Fries Ep. AGARICUS in part E.F. Pileus fleshy, concrete with the stem; margin at first involute; gills forked, rather close, decurrent, inclining to form pores at the base, easily separable from the pileus; spores globose, sub-ferruginous. Growing on the ground. Genus 6. GOMPHIDIUS. 3 Species. Fries Ep. Sub-genus GOMPHUS E.F. Pileus fleshy, concrete with the stem; volva glutinous; gills distant, decurrent; spores elongated, somewhat compound. On the ground in woods. Including species from all parts of the world. The generic characters of Cortinarius are obscure. In the index of the Epicrisis, and in a later work entitled "Cortinarii et Hygrophori Suecia," M. Fries gives the "universal, discrete, arachnoid veil" as one of the principal marks: whereas, in the first species, C caperatus, which he styles "princeps hujus gregis," he rightly describes the universal veil as "floccose-farinose;" in the group Myxacium it is glutinous, and in many of the succeeding species it seems obsolete. II.-Gills of a somewhat waxy consistence, splitting longitudinally with difficulty, HYGROPHORUS. 50 Species. Fries Ep. Genus 7. AGARICUS in part E.F. Pileus viscid or moist; trama granulose; gills distant, abound ing in watery juice, often connected by veins; spores colourless, at length driven off. Middle sized. Growing on the ground. Genus 8. LACTARIUS. 64 Species. 64 Species. Fries Ep. Sub-genus GALORRHEUS E.F. Pileus fleshy, at length depressed; trama vesiculose; gills adnato-decurrent, when bruised yielding a milky juice; spores globose. Large or middle sized. Growing on the ground under or near trees. Genus 10. 42 Species. Fries Ep. AGARICUS in part E.F. Pileus fleshy, at length depressed; trama vesiculose; gills juiceless, narrow behind; spores round, yellowish in a few species. Rather large. Growing on the ground. CANTHARELLUS. 24 Species. Fries Ep. Trama concrete with the floccose substance of the pileus; veil none; gills somewhat branched, resembling blunt folds; spores white. Genus 11. NYCTALIS. 6 Species. Fries Ep. AGARICUS in part E.F. Pileus juicy; gills unequal, edge blunt; volva flocculoso pruinose. Rather small. Growing in caves or vaults, or on decayed Agarics. III.-Gills tough; subcarnose, tough or subcoriaceous fungi, hence not readily decaying. Genus 12. MARASMIUS. 51 Species. Fries Ep. Genus 13. AGARICUS in part E.F. Pileus thin, at length more or less corrugated, substance dry, concrete with the floccose trama; gills blunt behind; stem sub-cartilaginous; spores sub-eliptic, white. Small or middlesized. Growing chiefly on or amongst dead leaves. LENTINUS. 50 Species. Fries Ep. AGARICUS in part E.F. Pileus coriaceous, substance concrete with that of the stem; gills thin, edge acute, broken or dentato-lacerate; spores white, rarely yellowish. Of slow growth. Mostly epixylous. In all the species of Lactarius that I have examined the spores are more or less rough or echinulate. Genus 14. PANUS. 16 Species. Fries Ep. AGARICUS in part E.F. Hymenophore as in the preceding Genus; gills unequal, edge acute, entire. Irregularly shaped or lateral. Epixylous. Genus 15. XEROTUS. 7 Species. Fries Ep. AGARICUS in part E.F. Gills adnato-decurrent, branched, resembling folds. Whole plaut rigid. IV.-Coriaceous or corky fungi. Genus 16. SCHIZOPHYLLUM. 3 Species. Fries Ep. Gills forked, radiating like the spokes of a fan, edge bifid, segments revolute. Epixylous. Genus 17. LENZITES. 20 Species. Fries Ep. Sp. DÆDALEA. E.F. Gills forked, radiating, forming pores at the base; edge subacute. Dimidiate fungi growing on wood. Synopsis of AGARICUS. SERIES I. Leucospori. Spores colourless or dull white. Stem central; veil woven, conspicuous. Sub-Genus AMANITA. Volva distinct; conspicuous fungi growing on the ground; the ruptured volva usually forms warts or patches on the pileus. Sub-Genus LEPIOTA. Volva concrete with the epidermis of the pileus: gills free, not rounded behind. Large or middle sized fungi growing on the ground; the epidermis of the pileus often broken into squarrose scales. Sub-Genus ARMILLARIA. Veil forming a persistent ring; gills adnate or decurrent. Stem central; veil inconspicuous or fibrillose. Sub-Genus TRICHOLOMA. Stem fleshy; gills bluntly rounded behind. Fleshy fungi growing on the ground; pileus often covered with a nap. |