CHAPTER defined-The aims of theoretical Anarchists-Phil- Importance of practical aims in education-Changes in the ratio of producers to non-producers-Laxity in school discipline-Misconstruction of the principle of equal opportunity-Individual limitations in the use of knowledge-Ability to think versus the acquisition of facts-Conflict of ideals in the universities-Tendency to overestimate the value of a classical education-Com- parative value of educational systems, education and native talent-Educational ideals versus the technique of teaching-The essentials to success-Americaniza- tion of children of alien parentage-The Federated Boys' Club movement-Deficiencies of our schools as character builders-Importance of manual training in PAGE CALIFORNIA GREAT AMERICAN ISSUES I TO-DAY AND TO-MORROW UNLESS we put our house in order-politically, socially, industrially-nothing is more certain than that we in America are going to suffer before long from evils scarcely less terrible than those with which war has made the world familiar. Despite ample warning, the United States was totally unprepared for war, and the sudden cessation of hostilities found it totally unprepared for peace. Despite also a modicum of useful achievement, such as certain orders of the Federal Reserve Board, the passage of railway legislation, and the reports of Government and private bodies on the wage situation, merely a promising beginning has been made toward a solution of our difficulties. It is at once a blessing and a misfortune that, thanks to the cooperation of our allies, we were not compelled to suffer the tragic consequences due to follow our lack of foresight. During the great war France and England provided us with artillery, ammunition, airplanes and ships; and they sent over hundreds of their most experienced officers to instruct us in training an army for modern warfare. The spirit of mutual helpfulness which brought such |