or Untertasse. To spill vergießen, breeches Beinkleider, plur. (Hofen is rather a familiar expression), at dinner bei Tisch, knife Messer, fork Gabel (knife and fork together das Besteck, le couvert), spoon Löffel, to pick the teeth die Zähne, or in den Zähnen stochern (toothpick 3ahnstocher); a dish eine Schüssel, ein Gericht, n. XVI. If he is1 to carve, he can never hit the joint, but 2 in his vain efforts to cut through the bone, scatters the sauce in every3 body's face. He generally daubs himself with soup and grease, though his napkin is commonly stuck through a button-hole, and tickles his ⚫ chin. When he drinks, he infallibly coughs in his glass, and besprinkles the company. Besides all this, he has strange tricks and gestures, such as snuffing6 up his7 nose, making 6 faces, putting his fingers in his nose, or blowing it, and looking afterwards in his handkerchief, so as to make the company sick. His hands are troublesome to him when he has not something in them, and he does not know where to put them. He 10 does not wear his clothes, and, in short, does nothing like other people. All this, I own11 is not in any degree criminal; but it is highly disagreeable and ridiculous in company, and ought most carefully to be avoided by whoever 12 desires to please. 1 He is to carve, either er soll vorschneiden, or er hat vor= zuschneiden. 2 But sondern. 3 To everybody (jedermann) into the face. See Gram. p. 96. 5, a. 4 Translate, into the glass. The definite article is made use of instead of the posses sive pronoun, when it is un- 5 Such as (translate, as for 7 See note 4. 8 So as, translate so that he makes. 9 Whither he is to put them. See note 1. 10 Neither (weder) wears he his clothes, nor (noch) does he any thing (irgend etwas) like other people. 11 I own, say indeed zwar. 12 See Gram. p. 84. 6. The demonstrative to be supplied before whoever, is jedermann (everybody); the relative after jedermann is wer, or der. To hit the joint das Gelenk treffen, to cut through durchschneiden (separable verb), to scatter sprigen, sauce Brühe, f. (die Sauce is also used), to daub besudeln, grease Fett, n.; napkin Serviette, f.; to stick stecken, button-hole Knopfloch, n.; to tickle figeln (see note 3), to have an sich haben, strange tricks auffallende Manieren, to blow the nose sich schneuzen, to make one sick einem (dative) übel machen, troublesome låstig, not in any degree nicht im mindesten, criminal strafbar, most carefully (see Gram. p. 49. 9, b.) auf's sorgfältigste. XVII. Disobedience of Orders. A naval commander in the reign of Queen Anne, was ordered 2 to cruise within certain limits on the coast of Spain. Having received information that a Spanish fleet was in Vigo beyond his limits, he resolved to risk his personal responsibility for the good 4 4 of his country; he accordingly attacked3 and defeated the Spanish fleet with uncommon gallantry. When he joined the admiral under whom he served, he was put under arrest, and was asked, if he did not .know, that by the articles of war he was liable to be shot for disobedience of orders? He answered with great composure, that he was very sensible that he was, but added, "the man who is afraid to risk his life in any way, when the good of his country requires it, is unworthy of a command in her majesty's service.” 1 Of gegen: see the words. 2 To order befehlen. This verb governing a dative case, can only be impersonally used in the passive voice: see Gram. p. 116, III. 2. You must, therefore, say, it was ordered to a commander. 3 To attack angreifen, to defeat schlagen. The first of these verbs being separable, wherefore the component particle of the verb in the direct speech is to be put after the object, the order of words must be changed, so as to say, he attacked the Spanish fleet with great gallantry, and de feated it. Thus, let us suppose a sentence; the enemy took and plundered the town; you must translate, die Feinde nahmen die Stadt ein und plůnderten sie. 4 Say, he was put...and asked. The auxiliary verb, although it may apply to more than one participle or infinitive, is not repeated when the different parts of a compound sentence are proceeding in the same order. 5 Say simply, he knew it very well. Mind, however, the indirect speech. Disobedience of orders Ungehorsam gegen erhaltene Befehle, naval commander ein Marine-Offizier (die Marine means the navy), information Nachricht, f.; to resolve beschließen, to risk one's personal responsibility etwas auf eigene Verantwortung wagen, the good das Beste, accordingly also (or demnach), to join eintreffen bei, to put under arrest in Arrest seßen, by nach, article Artikel, war Krieg, articles of war, see Gram. p. 90. 2.; he was liable, say simply, he could; composure Fassung, f.; to add beifügen, in any way auf eine oder die andre Art. F About the year 1700, Hudde, an2 opulent Dutch burgomaster, animated solely by literary curiosity, devoted 2 himself and his fortune to the acquisition of knowledge. He went to China, to instruct himself in the language, and in 3 whatever was remarkable among this singular people. He acquired the skill of a mandarin in that difficult language, nor did his Dutch face undeceive the physiognomists of China. He 5 succeeded to the dignity of mandarin; he travelled through the provinces under this character, and returned to Europe with a collection of observations, the cherished labour of thirty years, but lost them all by shipwreck on the coast. He died in 6 1714,3 leaving some excellent treatises on mathematics and other branches of science.8 1 um, accus. 2 Mind the inversion. 3 See Exercise XV. note 12. Say, in all that was, &c. 4 Say, this. 5 It does not suit a good German style, to begin several sentences running with the same personal pronoun; say, therefore, after he had succeeded, &c., he travelled, &c. 6 Say (from the reason mentioned in the last note), At his death, which happened in the year 1714, he left some, &c. 7 On über, accus. Dutch: mind that this is here the adjective, and see Sec. II., Exercise I., note 2. To devote one's self sich widmen, knowledge Kenntnisse, plur. f. (see Gram. p. 90. 2, concerning the genitive case of nouns without any article); singular besonder, skill Gewandheit, f.; mandarin Mandarin. Nor must be here translated as if it were, also did the form...not deceive, &c. To undeceive enttäuschen, physiognomist Physiognomiker, to succeed (to rise) steigen, the dignity of mandarin (see Gram. p. 90. 2) die Mandarinenwürde (as the genitive of der Mandarin is des Mandarinen), to travel through durchreisen (inseparable verb), the cherished labour das geliebte Werk, n.; to leave hinterlassen (inseparable verb: see Gram. p.. 71, III.), branch 3weig, m.; science Wissenschaft, f. XIX. Contradict with Politeness. When you oppose or contradict any person's assertion, let your manner, your air, your terms, and your tone of voice be soft and gentle; and that 3 easy and naturally, not affectedly. Use palliatives when you contradict; such as, "I may be deceived," "I am not sure, but I believe," "I should rather think," &c. Finish any argument or dispute with some little good-humoured pleasantry, to show that you are neither hurt yourself, nor meant to hurt your antagonist; for 5 an argument, kept up a good while, often occasions a temporary alienation on each side. 1 You, in moral precepts, may be translated by du, or by man, or also by the second person of the plural, ihr. Only take care to make the possessive pronoun agree with the personal. 2 Let your manner be. This is to be translated by the imperative, so as to say, deine Art, &c., sey. The same is the case with, let us be seyn wir. 3 And that, the Latin et quidem, is in German, und zwar.. 4 Every. 5 Copulative conjunct. denn.. |