CONTENTS

OF

THE FIRST VOLUME.

CHAPTER I.

THE OLD CHRONICLE (B.C. 305).

Of the Egyptian idea of an àrʊkardotaris or end and renewal of the world,

p. 1. Text of the Old Chronicle in English and in Greek, &c. pp. 7-9.

Process of its construction, p. 15. Of another Egyptian computation (ending

in B.C. 332) preserved by Diogenes Laertius, p. 19. Scheme of Sacred chronology

made out from the Greek Scriptures and Josephus, p. 22. Derivation of the

Old Chronicle from an older Hieratic scheme (which dated from about B.C.

1322), p. 30. Of the Gods and Demigods of the Chronicle: Its XIII Gods and

viii Demigods answer to as many antediluvian and postdiluvian ancestors,

pp. 35-37. The epoch of the Flood alluded to, p. 39. Comparison of the

early genealogies of Berosus, p. 45, and of Sanchoniathon, p. 47. Of the lxxvi

generations and xv dynasties of kings in the Chronicle, p. 71. Comparison

of the Egyptian chronology with that of the Scriptures and Josephus as

made out above, p. 78–85.

CHAP. II.

MANETHO (B.C. 268 ?).

Exhibition in English of the Manetho of Africanus from Eusebius and Syn-

cellus, p. 91. Comparison of these lists with notices of the original and

genuine Manetho, and recovery of the scheme of the latter, p. 98-126.

Comparison of Manetho's scheme as thus recovered with the Hieratic scheme

of B.C. 1322, with the Old Chronicle of B.C. 305, and with that preserved by

Diogenes Laertius, p. 127-132. Of the existence of concurrent lines of kings

in Egypt during the first 477 years after Menes (B.C. 2224 to B.C. 1748),

p. 133. Comparison of Manetho's XXIII dynasties and 3555 years of kings

with the xv dynasties and 1881 years of the kings of the Old Chronicle,

p. 134. Manetho's Dyn. VIII (1 Afric.) of the first Tanite kings headed

vi

CONTENTS OF THE FIRST VOLUME.

by Menes, p. 135. Dyn. IX (II Afric.), being a second series of Tanites,

p. 136. Dyn. X (III Afric.) of the earliest local Memphites, and Dyn.

XI (IV Afric.) of later local Memphites, tributarics to the Shepherds, p.

138. Dyn. XII (V Afric.) of " Elephantinites" or Heliopolites, p. 139.

Dyn. XIII (VI Afric.) of Central Memphites, p. 140. Dyn. XIV. (XI Afric.)

of the first local Diospolites, p. 141. Dyn. XV (XII Afric.) Diospolites, kings

of all Upper Egypt, p. 144 to 156. Dyn. XVI (XIV Afric.) “ Xoites,” i. e.

Nubians, p. 156. Dyn. XVII (XV Afric.) of the Shepherds, p. 161. Union

of all Egypt from B.C. 1748 downwards, p. 171. Dyn XVIII (Diospolites),

p. 173.
Dyn. XIX (Diospolites), p. 221. Dyn. XX (Diospolites), p. 235.

Dyn. XXI (Tanites), p. 241. Dyn. XXII (Bubastites), p. 244. Dyn. XXIII

(Tanites), XXIV (Saites), and XXV (Ethiopians), p. 246. Dyn. XXVI

(Saites), p. 248. Dyn. XXVII (Persians), p. 255. Dyn. XXVIII (Saite),

XXIX (Tanites ?), and XXX (Sebennytes), p. 257. Comparison of the years

of the Old Chronicle with those of Manetho in parallel lines, p. 260 to 272.

CHAP. III.

ERATOSTHENES (B. C. 240-194).

This scheme, made out at Thebes, consists of the lxxvi generations and 1881

years of the kings of the Old Chronicle with its xv generations and 443 years

"of the Cycle" added, the whole being covered with names chiefly from

Manetho, p. 273. Manetho's lists considered as materials, p. 278. Connection

with the Thothmes Chamber of Kings, p. 292. Composition, from these

materials, of the scheme of Eratosthenes, p. 295.
It enables us to make out

Dyn. XVII of the Old Chronicle, p. 311 to 314. Relations of particular gene-

rations in this scheme to particular dynasties of the Chronicle and of Manetho,

p. 314.
Dyn. XVI of the Old Chronicle, VIII Man. (I Afric.), p. 319.

Dyn. X of Manetho (III Afric.) and uppermost line to our left in the Karnak

Chamber, p. 323 to 335, containing the first two generations of Dyn. XVII of

the Old Chronicle under the names Sahoura, p. 329, and Snefrou, p. 330.

Dyn. XI of Manetho (IV Afric), contemporary with the Shepherds of

Dyn. XXVII of the Old Chronicle, p. 335. Dyn. XIII of Manetho (VI Afric.)

of Central Memphites, p. 349 to 369, containing the third generation of

Dyn. XVII of the Chronicle under the names of Papa-Maire and Meranre

or Echescosocaras, p. 352. Of the Gold Horus title, and other particulars

relating to Dyn. XVII of the Old Chronicle, p 356. Of the number of the

Pyramids, and their relative ages and magnitudes, p. 361. Dyn. XIV of

Manetho (XI Afric.), p. 369. Dyn. XV of Manetho (XII Afric.), with a

comparison of its reigns in the Turin MS., in Manetho's list, and in that of

Eratosthenes, p. 391; and herein of the fourth generation of Dyn. XVII of

the Old Chronicle under the 42 years of [Sesortasen I.] generation Aẞ of

Eratosthenes, p. 393. Dyn. XVI of Manetho (XIV Afric.), p. 396 to 402.

Of the composition of the remaining liii generations and 1248 years of Erato-

sthenes, not given by Syncellus, p. 402, with a restoration of the same, p. 409

to 417.

11

INTRODUCTION.

MOST persons who have at all attended to Egyptian antiquities will remember with interest how slight an accident it was which led Belzoni to his grand discovery of the tomb of Seti I., the father of Rameses the Great. In the wild desertvalley of Biban el Malouk, the bareness of which contrasts so strangely with the green plain on the other side of the Assassif when in crossing by the mountain path one sees from the top both sides at once, at the foot of one of those lateral ridges in which are many of the kings' tombs, he noticed a slight depression of the sand, as if the rains, which even in the Thebaid fall in some years, had there soaked through to some cavity. So he dug, and came first upon a descending gallery; and then, after trying the rock at which it seemed to end and which sounded hollow, he broke his way through it, and found himself in the most perfect and the most magnificent of all the royal tombs - one unentered by Greek visitors under the Ptolemies, and connected with reigns of the highest historical interest (for Seti I. and his son Rameses II. are the chief elements of the Sesostris of Herodotus and Diodorus)—the gorgeous paintings of which, partly historical and partly relating to the dead, preserved intact in all the freshness of their colours, have been the source of the most striking of those facsimiles of Egyptian sepulchral paintings which are now to be seen in the museums of Europe.

The present writer cannot promise to conduct his readers to discoveries so interesting at once to the eye and to the imagination as that of the tomb of a Sesostris; but his work originated in an accidental observation of something as

a