the birth day of our Lord in every year and that they shall be altogether and for ever quit of paunage in the wood called Westwode and that no agistment shall hereafter be in any wise made by us or by any of our successors in Westwode aforesaid. We will also and do grant that certain boundaries be made between the pasture of Westwode and the arable land so that no more of the same pasture of Westwode shall hereafter be converted into tillage. Also we grant and by this present writing do confirm that no villein of Wodemanse or any other villein of us or any one on their behalf shall or may hereafter common on the pasture of Fegang. AND the other things in the composition lately made between Sewald Archbishop of York our predecessor and the commonalty aforesaid we do grant and confirm to continue in force in every the articles thereof. AND if it shall happen that the aforesaid messuage be divided or in any wise removed or transferred whereby the payment of the aforesaid rent of six shillings and eight pence on the terms before appointed shall be delayed the commonalty of Beverley shall be held to the payment of the aforesaid rent by (any) distress whatever to be made at the will of us and our successors and for this donation grant confirmation and warranty the aforesaid William and others above said and all the aforesaid commonalty for themselves and all and every their heirs whomsoever all the right and claim which they had or in any wise could or hereafter shall have in the common of pasture in our park of Beverley or in our park with the

appurtenances aforesaid and in the park and pasture called Staneker they have remised and quitted claim to us and our successors for ever. IN WITNESS whereof to this present writing we have caused our seal to be affixed. Witnesses Master Thomas de Grymston Archdeacon of Cliveland Master Walter de Gloster Canon of Beverley (and others)."

LETTER OF ATTORNEY TO DELIVER SEIZIN.

"WILLIAM &c to his beloved son in Christ Mar Ralph de Totinhall his bailiff of Beverley greeting &c. We do by these presents make and constitute you our attorney to deliver to the men and commonalty of our town of Beverley such seizin of the house in Beverley which is called Byscopdyng and of the meadow with the arable land contained therein and of other the portions which in our deed of feoffment we have given and granted to them as we received of the Lord the king and our chapter. DATED at Burton 2 Ides of April in the year of Grace 1282."

The next instrument in succession connected with this property is as follows:

"WILLIAM &c to all the sons of holy mother Church health everlasting in the Lord. KNOW YE that we have granted and by the present deed are bound to the men of the commonalty of Beverley that we will cause them to have a good and sufficient confirmation of the chapter of York sealed with the seal of the said chapter according to the donation and grant which we lately made to them of a certain messuage meadow and land

and other portions by our deed as in that deed is contained within one month next after the coming of R (obert) dean of the Church of York at York and if this said dean shall die we will grant and promise that that confirmation be made to them within one month of the creation of another dean who shall be next created in the said deanery. And the confirmations of the aforesaid chapter sealed with the aforesaid seal and the lesser seal of the said chapter and in the meantime being in the custody of the commonalty aforesaid shall be restored and delivered to us and to the chapter of York aforesaid until the confirmation aforesaid. IN WITNESS whereof we have caused our seal to be affixed. Dated at Burton the twelfth day of April in the year above."

Then follows the confirmation by the Dean and Chapter of York:

"BE IT KNOWN to all Christian people by these presents that we Robert the Dean and the Chapter of St. Peter York having inspected the charter of the venerable father the Lord William by the grace of God archbishop of York primate of England in these words 'WILLIAM BY' &c. (Here follows verbatim the grant of William Wickwane, and the document concluded thus.) Now we this said donation and grant made by the said lord archbishop to the aforesaid men and their heirs whomsoever and to the commonalty aforesaid in all and singular the articles in the said charter contained for ever to endure for us and our successors do grant ratify approve and by this present writing sealed

with our common seal do confirm. Dated at York on Tuesday next before the feast of St. Bartholomew the apostle in the year of grace 1284."

Having filled the archiepiscopal throne of York for about six years and a half to his own honour and the greater glory of God, Wickwane thought fit to resign his dignity, and to retire to Pontiniac, in Normandy. He there fell sick of "a desperate disease," which put a period to his life on the 27th April, 1285. He was buried in the Abbey of Pontiniac. The people of that country, says Stubbs, report many miracles to have been wrought at his tomb, for which some writers have not hesitated to bestow upon him the exalted title of SAINT.

PHILIP INGLEBERD,

OTHERWISE PHILIP OF BEVERLEY,

RECTOR OF KEYINGHAM.

VIX. 1306.

HERE can be no more pleasing task for those who wield the pen than to record the virtues of our great departed. And if there is one class of persons more deserving than another of the appellation of "great," it is surely those who have striven to bring their fellowmen out of the darkness of ignorance into the full glare of learning's brightness. With all the boasted progress and enlightenment of the nineteenth century, we find few such noble patrons of learning amongst us as were to be found in those times which we too often hear spoken of as the "Dark Ages." There is no period of history which has been more misrepresented than this. So accustomed are we to read of the ignorance which, like a huge pall, covered the fair form of Europe for nearly one thousand years, that we almost loathe the name of the middle ages. They seem like Nazareth of imagine nothing good could come from them.

old

ourselves that in those times ignorance