persistently refuse many bishoprics which were pressed upon him.

He discharged the duties of his abbatial dignity with the greatest fidelity, providing all things needful both for the spiritual and temporal welfare of his brethren. Death-that death for which his whole life had been one continued preparation, and to which he had looked forward with perfect calmness-at length translated him from a wearisome world to one of eternal bliss. He died in 1166, in the 57th year of his age, the 33rd of his religious profession, and the 24th of his abbatial dignity. The General Chapter, held at Cisteaux in 1250, declared him to be ranked among the saints of their order as Henriquez, and the additions to the Cistercian martyrology testify. In the new martyrology, published by Benedict XIV., for the use of this order, the feast of St. Aelred is marked on the 2nd of March, with a eulogy of his learning, innocence of life, wonderful humility, patience, heavenly conversation, gift of prophecy and miracles.

TEE om i Jevery is mera jeep fe f Farmde a se neverent relates VEG. 1 Zze-Reimaton mes, sat mon de archiepiscopai hrone fie See of York. Tere ve to usempt to chronicle the benefite Which have been conferred on his own fom the jage of 3. John o hose of the last archbishop who raznowiedged the spremacy of the Pope, we should kage to write a large volume. But, perhaps, the most mmportant, gita conferred upon the burgesses were the common pastures. These pastures are very extensive, and contain, together, over twelve hundred acres. They see the Westwood, including the Hurn; Figham, including a place called Land; and Swinemoor. The inhabitanta had formerly the privilege of stocking anther pasture called the Hag, which lay contiguous to Westwood and Queen's Gate, but it has long been inclosed, and the right of the burgesses compensated for 17 mnt of some land which lies " ridge and Westwood was

"

Westwood low green.

formerly part of the domain of the Archbishop of York, who held with it an estate in Bishop Burton called Killingwoldgraves. The common of Westwood is, therefore, stocked jointly by the freemen of Beverley and by the tenants of Killingwoldgraves. In Figham, none but free burgesses have a right to graze their cattle; but in Swinemoor, certain copyhold tenants of Beverley Water Towns enjoy the privilege of stocking, to a prescribed extent, in common with the burgesses of Beverley. The common pastures all proceeded from the same source, namely, the Archbishops of York, who were Lords of the fee, Figham having been granted by William Wickwane in the thirteenth century, and the Westwood and Hurn by Alexander Neville in the fourteenth. Therefore, although neither of these prelates was born, lived, or died at Beverley, we have no hesitation in inscribing their names on Beverley's Roll of Honour.

Of William Wickwane little is known, except that the Dean and Chapter of York, on the death of Archbishop Walter, raised him from being Chancellor of the Church of York to the archiepiscopal dignity. Upon the canonization of St. William, Archbishop of York, in the first year of Wickwane's government, he caused his bones to be taken up from the place where they were first laid, and deposited in the nave of the Cathedral. Over these he erected a costly shrine, which was afterwards so enriched by the offerings of pious devotees, that it became a perfect blaze of jewels and precious metals. King Edward I. and his noble

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Queen, with all the court and eleven bishops, attended the solemn and imposing ceremony of the translation of St. William's relics.

Some time afterwards, Wickwane, with the consent of his chapter, provided that thirty-two oxen, fifty-four plough horses, and one thousand sheep should be assigned to his successors. Having procured the royal assent to this grant, he provided further that his successors should keep the same live stock upon the manors belonging to the See in perpetuum. Not for these gifts, however, is the memory of William Wickwane dear to the inhabitants of Beverley. To them his chief merit will appear in the fact that he gave to their forefathers the pasture of Figham, and a messuage, with the buildings, in the Market Place, then called Byscopdynges, but afterwards known as Butter-Dings, together with a meadow, with arable land, known by the name of Out Ings, and divers other valuable privileges. A faithful translation of the original documents relating to this grant to the burgesses of Beverley cannot fail of being read with interest.

The first document, which is the grant to the burgesses, reads as follows:—

"WILLIAM by the Grace of God Archbishop of York primate of England to all men as well present as to come to whom this present writing shall come greeting in the Lord everlasting. KNOW YE that we have given and granted and by the consent of Robert the Dean of the Chapter of York have confirmed to William

de Stanley (here follow the names of 107 other burgesses of Beverley) and to all and singular the men of the whole commonalty of Beverley a certain messuage with the erections and appurtenances as the same lieth in length and breadth in the Market of Beverley called Byscopdynges and a certain meadow together with the arable land in the same which meadow is called Utengs with their appurtenances as they lie between Neudik and the pasture of Beverley called Fegang to have and to hold the aforesaid messuage with all their appurtenances liberties and easements without any retention to the aforesaid men and their heirs whomsoever and to the commonalty aforesaid of us and our successors freely quietly and entirely for ever rendering to us and. our successors yearly for the aforesaid messuage six shillings and eight pence namely one moiety at Pentecost and the other moiety at the feast of St. Martin in winter and for the aforesaid land and meadow six shillings and eight pence at the same terms by equal portions every year in lieu of all services customs and secular demands and we and our successors the aforesaid messuage land and meadow to the aforesaid men and commonalty and their heirs as is aforesaid for the said annual service against all men will warrant acquit and for ever defend. MOREOVER WE have granted and by this present writing have confirmed to the aforesaid men and commonalty as is aforesaid that they shall be for ever quit of contributing paunage for their own pigs in the wood called Hagge (Beverley Parks) from the feast of St. Michael until