General Hampton, and the advanced picquets of the British, under Lieutenant-Colonel de Salaberry; the excellent disposition of his force, composed of the light company of the Canadian Fencibles and two companies of Canadian Voltigeurs, enabled Colonel de Salaberry to repulse with considerable loss the advance of the enemy's principal column, commanded by General Hampton in person. The light brigade of the United States army, under Colonel Purdy, was opposed by Lieutenant-Colonel Macdonnell, who, in like manner, checked its progress on the south side of the river by ordering the militia, under Captain Daly, supported by Captain Bruyere (who were both wounded), to advance across the ford and support the Beauharnois Militia, who had been stationed at the ford to guard it. The enemy rallied and returned repeatedly to the attack, which terminated only with the day in his complete disgrace and defeat, being foiled by a mere handful of men, who, by their determined bravery, held their position against more than twenty times their number. To LieutenantColonel de Salaberry belongs the honour of this victory, which was entirely due to his soldier-like conduct, both in the judicious choice he made in the position and management of his forces, and in the gallant and steady manner in which the enemy's attacks were received and repelled. Besides the officers above mentioned, Captains Ferguson, de Bartzch, Levesque, Jean Baptiste Duchesnay, Juchereau Duchesnay, and Lamothe, and Adjutants Hebden and O'Sullivan, were specially mentioned as having been conspicuous for their gallantry on this occasion; and Colonel de Salaberry warmly acknowledged the valuable assistance he derived from their able support. The British loss at the Battle of Chateauguay was five rank

and file killed, two captains, one sergeant and thirteen rank and file wounded, and four men missing. The United States army left forty killed on the field, and had about 100 more hors de combat.

November 4th.-A general order was issued relieving the militia from further service; this order concludes as follows:

"His Excellency the Governor-inChief and Commander of the Forces, has the highest pride and satisfaction in declaring his acknowledgments to the loyal and brave militia of Lower Canada for the zeal and alacrity with which they flew to their posts, and for the patience and firmness with which they have endured, in this inclement season, the severe hardships and privations to which they have been exposed; the steadiness and discipline of the whole force have been conspicuous, and the undaunted gallantry displayed by six companies, almost to a man composed of Canadian Fencibles and Militia, under the immediate command of Lieutenant-Colonel De Salaberry, in repelling with disgrace, an American invading army twenty times their number, reflects unfading honour on the Canadian name."

November 13th.-The Montreal Herald of this date contains the following notice:

"The Printer of the Montreal Herald has to apologize to his subscribers for not publishing this week, he and his apprentices having been called to a distance upon military duty, which he trusts will prove sufficient excuse."

The order of the Prince Regent in Council, of 13th October, 1812, authorizing general reprisals against the ships, goods, and citizens of the United States, having reached Halifax, the LieutenantGovernor, Sir John C. Sherbrooke, issued a proclamation calling upon all His Majesty's loyal subjects to do their utmost to capture the ships of the citizens

of the United States and destroy their commerce, for which purpose His Royal Highness had been pleased to direct letters of marque and commissions of privateers to be granted in the usual manner. On the 13th January no less than 21 United States' prizes were condemned in the Vice-Admiralty Court at Halifax.

February 11th. The second session of the Tenth General Assembly of Nova Scotia was opened at Halifax by the Lieutenant-Governor Sir J. C. Sherbrooke, who, in his opening speech, expressed his admiration of the zeal, loyalty, and courage of the Canadians, who, supported by a small force of regular soldiers, had repelled repeated attacks of United States troops on their territory; and his firm reliance upon the same spirit of loyalty if Nova Scotia should be attacked.

The Nova Scotia Assembly was prorogued on the 3rd of April, having passed an additional militia law, and provided for the improvement of the roads, besides giving attention to a great number of minor matters of local interest. June 6th--The United States frigate Chesapeake, 49 guns, which had been so gallantly captured by H. M. S. Shannon, 38 guns, Captain Broke, off Boston Harbour, on the 1st June, arrived at Halifax.

June 8th.-Captain Lawrence, late of the Chesapeake, who had died of the wounds received in the action with the Shannon, was buried at Halifax. His remains were landed, under a discharge of minute guns, at the King's wharf, from whence they were followed to the grave by his own surviving officers, those of His Majesty's army and navy, and many of the people of Halifax. The coffin was covered with the United States flag, upon which was placed the sword of the deceased officer; the pall was supported by

six captains of the Royal Navy; 300 men of the 64th Regiment attended as a firing party, and fired three volleys over the grave.

August 10th.—The United States brig Henry arrived at Halifax with a flag of truce from Salem, and permission having been granted, the bodies of Captain Lawrence and Lieutenant Ludlow-who had also died of his wounds-late of the Chesapeake, were disinterred and placed on board the Henry for conveyance to the United States.

August 25th. -The merchants and underwriters of Halifax presented an address to Captain Broke, of the Shannon, accompanied by a handsome piece of plate.

November 12th.-Halifax was visited by a tremendous gale or hurricane which rushed up the harbour with terrific violence. Twenty-one men-of-war of various descriptions were in port; all suffered more or less; seven of them were driven ashore, and several seamen lost their lives. No less than forty-seven merchantmen were stranded, and twenty-four, although not driven ashore, were more or less injured. Three small vessels were totally lost, together with seven or eight men who were on board. Fortunately the storm raged with the greatest violence at dead low water, so that the wharves and stores suffered much less than they otherwise would; but the total loss was very heavy.

January 12th.-The General Assembly of New Brunswick met at Fredericton, but a sufficient number of members to proceed to business not attending, the House adjourned until the 13th, when the members proceeded to elect a Speaker, in the place of Amos Botsford, Esq., deceased. John Robinson having been elected and confirmed by the President, Major-General George Stracey Smyth, the regular opening of

In

the Session took place on the 14th. his speech the President alluded to the state of war then existing between the United Kingdom and the United States, and recommended a careful revision of the Militia Laws and such other measures as might be necessary for the defence of the Province.

February 15th.-The 104th (New Brunswick) Regiment, being under orders to proceed to Canada on active service, the following resolution was passed by the House of Assembly :

"Resolved, That the House of Assembly of New Brunswick cannot view the departure of the 104th Regiment from this Province without feeling every solicitude for a corps raised in this country, and destined they trust long to continue its pride and ornament; the House have observed with peculiar pleasure that the merit of the officers and men of this regiment has been such as to have induced His Majesty to confer upon it a high mark of his favour and approbation in numbering it with the line; and the House takes this occasion to express the high sense they have of the propriety of conduct observed by this regiment during its continuance in this Province." To which Colonel Halket replied as follows :

"Fredericton, 15th Feb., 1813. 66 Sir, I have this day had the honour to receive through you, their Speaker, the resolution of the House of Assembly of this Province, expressive of their sentiments upon the removal of the regiment under my command from the country, and also their marked approbation of its general good conduct whilst in it. "Such honourable testimony of merit must always dwell in the recollection of every individual of the corps to whom I have communicated the same, and serve for the future to create an emulation amongst them for its long continuance,

in the certain hope of rendering themselves worthy of such marked distinction from the country in which they were formed. I have, therefore, united with our sincere regret at parting, to offer you the uniform thanks of myself, the officers, non-commissioned officers and privates of the 104th Regiment, and to remain, with the greatest respect,

"Sir, your most obedient servant,
"(Signed) A. HALKET, Colonel,

Lieutenant-Colonel 104th Regt. "To John Rawlinson, Esq.,

66

Speaker of the House of Assembly." The 104th Regiment left St. John in February on their march through New Brunswick to Canada; the people on their route turned out to help them with sleighs.

The Session terminated on the 3rd of March. Acts for regulating the Militia, for vesting in the Crown such lands as might be required for fortifications or other military purposes, and for billeting troops and militia when on the march, were passed, and provision was made for such expenditure as might be necessary for the defence of the Province.

Colonel Desbarres was succeeded in the government of Prince Edward Island by Charles Douglas Smith, brother of Sir Sidney Smith. Lieutenant-Governor Smith summoned the Assembly to meet on the 15th of November. His opening speech was indicative of that eccentricity of character which tended so greatly in subsequent years to mar his usefulness as a public man. He remarked that he would have called them together earlier, but he was not certain that the public good would be served by it.

1814 February 6th.-Captains Sherwood and Kerr, with a small party of Marines and Militia, crossed over the St. Lawrence from Cornwall to Madrid in the State of New York, and brought away a

which had been plundered from British merchants near Cornwall in October, 1813, when en route to Upper Canada. The inhabitants of Madrid made no opposition to the seizure and removal of these effects, and they, in consequence, were not molested by the British, who returned to their quarters with the goods they had seized.

The third session of the sixth Provincial Parliament of Upper Canada was opened at Toronto on the 15th February by Lieutenant-General Gordon Drummond, who, in the absence of the Lieutenant-Governor, was President of the Province. Nineteen Acts were passed during this session, of which no less than thirteen were measures providing either directly or indirectly for the collection of revenue and the defence of the country. One of these Acts was to vest in the Crown all lands belonging to inhabitants of the United States who, having come into Upper Canada and received grants of Crown lands, had withdrawn voluntarily from their allegiance and from the defence of the Province. Another Act altered the law with reference to the forfeiture of inheritance upon attainder for treason. The session closed on the 14th of March.

May 4th.-General Drummond, with six companies of De Watteville's regiment, the light company of the Glengarry's, the second battalion of the Royal Marines, a detachment of Royal Artillery with two field pieces, a detachment of a rocket company, and a few sappers and miners, set sail from Kingston with the intention of making an attack upon Oswego. On the morning of the 6th a body of troops under Lieutenant-Colonel Fischer, supported by about two hundred seamen under Captain Mulcaster, R. N., effected a landing in face of a heavy fire of round shot and grape from a battery, and of musketry from a detachment of about three hundred United States troops posted on the brow of a hill and in the edge of the woods commanding the landing-place. The British on landing pressed up the hill and stormed the battery; the enemy soon gave way, leaving some sixty men, chiefly wounded, behind them. The British having taken possession of the stores found in the Fort and in the neighbourhood, dismantled the fortifications and destroyed the barracks. On the 7th May the force re-embarked and returned to Kingston. In these operations the British troops lost one officer (Captain Holtaway, of the Marines) and fifteen men killed, and two officers and sixty men wounded. The naval force had three men killed, Captains Mulcaster and Popham (both severely), and two other officers and seven men wounded. Three thirty-two-pounders, four twentyfours, one twelve, and one six, all iron guns, were captured, and one twelve and one six-pounder were destroyed. One schooner, and several boats laden with ordnance, naval, and other stores were brought away, three schooners and other craft were destroyed. The garrison flag

March 4th. A party of the enemy having entrenched themselves at Longwood, Captain Barsden of the 89th, with the light company of that regiment, the flank companies of the Royal Scots, and a detachment of Kent militia attempted to dislodge them. The attack failed, but the enemy shortly after abandoned the position. The loss of the British upon this occasion was two officers, Captain D. Johnston, Royal Scots, and Lieutenant P. Grame, 89th, and twelve men killed, and three officers and fortynine men wounded. In the latter were included an officer and six men of the