now, Ânanda? I have declared the doctrine, and I have made no distinction between within and without. He who says, 'I will rule over the Sañgha!' or, 'Let the Sangha be subjected to me!' he, Ânanda, might declare his will in the Church. The Tathâgata, however, does not say, 'I will rule over the Church.' . . . am now frail, Ânanda; I am aged, I am an old man who has finished his pilgrimage and reached old age. Eighty years old am I. I "Be to yourselves, Ânanda, your own light, your own refuge. Seek no other refuge. Let Dharma be your light and refuge. Seek no other refuge. Whosoever now, Ânanda, or after my departure shall be his own light, his own refuge, and shall seek no other refuge, will henceforth be my true disciple and walk in the right path." Buddha journeyed on until he reached a place called Pâvâ. Then he was attacked with a grievous sickness. Weary, the old pilgrim reached a stream, the Kakutthâ (the modern Badhi, according to General Cunningham). Buddha bathed and sipped some of the water; carts were passing and they thickened it with mud. A little further on, by the side of the river Háranyavatî (Chota Gandak), was a grove of Śâlatrees. Between two of these blossoming trees was the Nirvana that the sick and weary pilgrim was sighing for. Under these two famous trees, with his head lying towards the north, the old man was laid. "Weep not, sorrow not, Ânanda,” he said. "From all that man loves and enjoys he must tear himself. "My existence is ripening to its close. The end of my life is near. I go hence. Ye remain behind. The place of refuge is ready for me.”1 Before expiring, the teacher entered into the extasia of Samâdhi; and mighty thunders and earthrockings announced the passing away of a great Chakravartin. Buddha's last words were :— "Hearken, O disciples, I charge you. All that comes into being passes. Seek your salvation without weariness." GLOSSARY AND INDEX. Aditî, the Vedic Universal Mother. Âdityas, Sons of Aditî, the months deified. Amrita, Pâli Amata, immortality, "bread of life," the food of the Arhat, one emancipated from rebirths, an Adept. Arnold, Edwin, denies the Agnosticism of early Buddhism, xi.; "Light Arûpaloka, the heavens where form ceases. Aśoka on 66 God," the future life, prayer, mysticism, etc., 278 et seq. ; his attitude towards Buddhism, 278 et seq. Baptism, the Buddhist rite of, 86 et seq. Beal, Professor S., condemns the views of Dr. Rhys Davids on soul, Bhagavat, lord, God, a title applied to Buddha, Vishņu, and Śiva. Bimbisâra offers crown to Buddha, 76. Bodhi, gnosis, knowledge of the laws of spirit, annihilation of the ego, Brahma, the Great Spirit, the ineffable. Brahmâ, the anthropomorphic god. Brahmacharins, Seekers of Brahma, name for Buddha's early disciples. Ꮓ Buddha esoterically God, exoterically Śâkya Muni. See Śâkya Muni. Burnouf, E., on the Skandhas, 221. Carpet (kusa mat) of Brahma, a mystic state. Ceylon, vast pretensions claimed for Scriptures of, viii. Theory Chaitya, sepulchral mound, dolmen. Chakravartin (lit. "he who turns in the Zodiac "), a king of kings. dhas, 221. Cosmology, Buddhist, 250. Cunningham, Gen., Sûtpa of Bharhut, 157. Dâgoba (from Dhatûgarbha), relic shrine. Davids, T. W. Rhys, considers early Buddhism an atheism, vii.—idea Dhammapada, Buddhaghosa's alterations in, 233. Dhâranis, prayers. Dharma, the laws of spirit, the "Wisdom of the Other Bank," ix. ; personified as a divine woman, 244. Dhyâna, the trance of extasia. Dickson, "Ordering of Priests," 236. Elephant, its meaning, 4; Buddha's descent as an, 6. Fa Hian cited, 179 et seq. Fasting, Buddha's forty-seven days', 78. Fergusson, James, on the Sattapanni cave, 199. Foucaux, Philippi Edouard, his translation of the Lalita Vistara cited, I et seq. Gandharva, a cherub. Gâthâ, a poem, a verse. Guru, a spiritual teacher. Hardy, Spence, cited, 51. Hwen Thsang states objections of earlier Buddhism to Agnostic school, Îśâna, God, on the Aśoka stones, 279. Jina, a conqueror of his lower nature, a Buddha. Karma, the effects of sins or good deeds, which are supposed to land Lâma, the high priest of Tibet, 183; descended most probably from the Mahâdeo, a monolith or menhir, "Great God," a name of Śiva. Mandala, mystic ring. Mantra, prayer, charm. Mâra, the Buddhist Satan. Müller, Professor Max, on the date of Buddha's death, 206. Nairanjana, the Buddhist Jordan. Nirvâna, heaven. Palâśa, Butea frondosa. Pârimitâs, the ten, the "qualities of the Other Bank," "heaven," 285. Parsvika, a leader in the Agnostic revolution in Buddhism entitled the Prajna Pâramitâ, the "Wisdom of the Other Bank," 9; wisdom per- Rishi, prophet, man of God. Sâkya Muni, results of his movement, v. ; comes down to earth as a |