The Progress of Philosophy in the Past and in the FutureJ. B. Lippincott & Company, 1868 - 244 стор. |
Інші видання - Показати все
Загальні терміни та фрази
absolute affirmation analogy analysis ancient philosophy apodictic Aristotle atheism Bacon Baconian Baconian method basis called Cartes causal judgment cause Christianity cognition common sense conceivable conception consciousness considered constrained contradiction contradictory criticism deduction determined discriminate doctrine elements empirical ence enounced error exclusively existence external fact faculty faith fore formal fundamental Greek Hegel human mind human reason illation illusion important induction inference infinite innate ideas intellectual intuition intelligence Kant knowl knowledge language law of identity laws of thought liam Hamilton limits Locke Locke's logic logicians losophy manifest mental ments metaphysical method moral necessary necessity negation negative notion Novum Organum object objective law observation pagan phenomena philoso physical Plato primary beliefs principle problem rational relation revelation says Schelling sciousness shown Sir William Hamilton skepticism Socrates speculation subjective syllogism synthesis synthetic theory things thinkers thinking tion tive true truth unconditioned universal whole
Популярні уривки
Сторінка 67 - But hitherto I have not been able to discover the cause of those properties of gravity from phenomena, and I frame no hypotheses: for whatever is not deduced from the phenomena is to be called an hypothesis ; and hypotheses, whether metaphysical or physical, whether of occult qualities or mechanical, have no place in experimental philosophy. In this philosophy particular propositions are inferred from the phenomena, and afterwards rendered general by induction.
Сторінка 42 - ... proceeds to judgment and to the discovery of middle axioms. And this way is now in fashion. The other derives axioms from the senses and particulars, rising by a gradual and unbroken ascent, so that it arrives at the most general...
Сторінка 67 - Neither more nor more onerous causes are to be assumed, than are necessary to account for the phenomena.
Сторінка 138 - And as the one or the other of contradictories must be true, whilst both cannot ; it proves that there is no ground for inferring a certain fact to be impossible, merely from our inability to conceive 'its possibility. At the same time, if the causal judgment be not an express affirmation of mind, but only an incapacity of thinking the opposite ; it follows, that such a negative judgment cannot...
Сторінка 157 - What belongs (or does not belong) to all the constituent parts (belongs or does not belong) to the constituted whole.
Сторінка 126 - The law of identity; 2d. The law of contradiction; 3d. The law of excluded middle. The science of these laws is Logic. Thus, is shown the ultimate condition of the thinkable on which depends the science of explicative or analytical reasoning. This we shall show fully in the sequel, when we come to treat of what Sir William Hamilton has done for Logic. The condition of non-contradiction is in no danger of being violated in thinking ; therefore its explication is only of theoretical importance. The...
Сторінка 113 - All admit that consciousness does testify to the fact that we perceive the external reality. To doubt this is to doubt the actuality of the fact of consciousness, and consequently to doubt the doubt itself, which is a contradiction, and subverts itself. The data then of consciousness, simply as facts, or actual manifestations and deliverances, cannot be denied without involving a contradiction; and therefore, the principle of contradiction, which we have shown is the only one to be applied to the...
Сторінка 153 - Of these in their order. ^[ XIV. The principle of Identity (principium Identitatis) expresses the relation of total sameness in XIV. Law of Identity. . ., , , which a concept stands to all, and the relation of partial sameness in which it stands to each, of its constituent characters. In other words, it declares the impossibility of thinking the concept and its characters as reciprocally unlike.
Сторінка 140 - The phenomenon is this :—When aware of a new appearance, ' we are unable to conceive that therein has originated any new existence, and are, therefore, constrained to think, that what now appears to us under a new form, had previously an existence under others.
Сторінка 61 - The objective process of investigating individual facts, as preparatory to illation ; — 2°, A material illation of the universal from the singular, warranted either by the general analogies of nature, or by special presumptions afforded by the object-matter of any real science ; — 3°.