the French at Saide (Sidon) who scarcely makes sufficient profit to maintain his family. Lat. 33,17. ULAI, a river that runs by the city Shushan in Persia, near the banks of which Daniel had a famous vision, Dan. viii, 2, 16. viii, 2, 16. It is said to be the greatest river of the province, and that the Persian kings used no other water. UMMAH, a city of Canaan, of the tribe of Asher, Josh.xix, 30. It was situate between Aczib and Aphec. Lat. 32, 58. be the place for the spreading of nets in the midst of the sea.” Passing by Tyre, from curiosity only, says Mr. Bruce, I came to be a mournful witness of the truth of that prophecy, that Tyre, the queen of nations, should be a rock for fishers to dry their nets on, Ezek. xxvi, 5. Two wretched fishermen, with miserable nets having just given over their occupation with very little success, I engaged them at the expense of their nets, to drag in those places, where they said shell fish might be caught, in hopes to have brought out one of the famous purple fish. Mr. Vol ney, with all his hostility to revelation, has repeatedly yielded his testimony to support the cause of truth, though probably, "it was not in his heart, neither did he think so," after viewing the ruins of Tyre, and quoting the twenty seventh chapter of Ezekiel, says, "The vicissitudes of time, or rathered Abraham to leave the city the barbarism of the Greeks of the Lower Empire, and the Mahometans, have accomplished this prediction. Instead of that ancient commerce, so active and so extensive, Sour, (Tyre) reduced to a miserable village, has no other trade, than the exportation of a few sacks of corn, and raw cotton, nor any merchant, but a single Greek factor in the service of UPHAZ, a place where fine gold was obtained, whether it was Ophir, or some other place called Paz or Topaz, is uncertain. Calmut thinks it was the river Phasis, on the east of the Black or Euxine Sea, Jer. x, 9; Dan, x, 5. UR, a city of Chaldea, and the city of Terah, and of Abra ham, Gen. xi, 28. God order. of Ur, that he might bring him into the land of Canaan, which he intended to give him and his posterity for an inher itance. The situation of Ur is not known. Some think it was in Babylonia. Others confound it with Orcha, or Or. cho, in Chalden, according to Ptolemy and Strabo. Others take it to be Ura, or Sura, in Syria, upon the Euphrates. Bochart and Grotius maintain, that it is Ura in Mesopotamia, two days journey from Nisibe. It is observed, that Chaldea and Mesopotamia are often confounded together; and that it is said indifferently that this city is in one or the other of these two provinces. The word Ur, in Hebrew signifies fire; and some authors have pretended, that when Moses says, God brought Abraham out of Ur of the Chaldees, he only intends to say, that God delivered him out of the fire, into which the Chaldees ad cast him, for his contempt of their idols. Abraham came from the East. UZ, the name of a country; but where it was situated is uncertain. Some believe it was the region near the head of the Tigris, where Pliny and Strabo place the Uxii, and here pro. bably Uz, the son of Aram did reside. The Hebrews call the country round Damascus, the land of Uz, and the Arabs call it Gaut or Gauta, which has the same import. It is also said that Uz, the son of Aram, built Damascus. Bochart, and the authors of the Universal History, and some others, place the land of Uz far south from Damascus, and almost directly east from the tribe of Reuben, and west from Chaldea in Arabia Deserta. They think, that this country received its name from Huz, the son of Nahor, the brother of Abraham; in the same region Ptolemy places the sitæ, or Ausitæ. Spanheim and others reckon this to have been the country of Job, as it was near the Chaldeans, who plundered him of his cattle and slew his servants, His friends, excepting one, were Arabians. Some suppose there was another Uz in the land of Edom, which had its name from Uz, the Horite. The Arabian writers say that the Adites, who descended from Uz, the son of Aram, resided here for some time, before they removed into Arabia Felix, Lamentations iv, 21. From the connexion in Jer. xxv, 20, it might seem to be in Idumea, between Egypt and the Philistines; yet it does not appear natural to find a territory here containing a number of kings. Bochart has learnedly shewn, in the first part of his Sacred Geography, that there were two countries of this name. UZZEN-SHERAH, a city of the tribe of Ephraim, built by Sherah, the daughter of Beriah, and grand-daughter of Ephraim, 1 Chr. vii, 22-24. This place was near to Bethhoron. WORLD, in scripture is taken for the whole univer se con prehending the heavens, earth, sea, the elements, the angels, men, animals; in a word, all created beings. 2. It is taken only for the globe of the earth, the waters, and all things they contained. 3. For the race of mankind. Thus Jesus Christ says to his apostles, John viii, 12, "I am the light of the world." And elsewhere, xvii, 25, "O righteous Father, the world hath not known thee;" and xv, 18, "If the world hate you, ye know that it hated me be. fore it hated you." 4. The world is also put for the lovers of the world, ib. xv, 19, "If ye were of the world, the world would love his own: but because ye are not of the world, but I have chosen you out of the world, therefore the world hateth you." And St. Paul says, Gal. vi, 14, "The world is crucified unto me, and I unto the world." And St. John says, 1 Eph. ii, 15, "Love not the world, or the things that are in the world: If any man love the world, the love of the Father is not in him." How far the writers of the Holy Scriptures were acquainted with the world is not a little uncertain. And though it is of some consequence, we must speak of the probable extent of scripture geography, with some cau tion. If a prophecy relate to Italy or Britain, we can by no means apply the prophecy, unless, we have reason to believe, that those countries were known. The great progenitor of the Jews, probably came from beyond the Gihoon, eastward. To the east of this country are the borders of Hindostan. To the west is the land of Ghaznain, and the bor ders of Touran, and Markand, and Samarchand, and Bakkara. To the north are the borders of Turkestan. This original country of Abraham is one of the most flourishing and pro ductive, under the government of the Koran. It abounds with everykind of fruit and provision. Their herds and flocks are excellent, and their hills are stored with rich minerals. Abraham did not fly from indigence, but idolatry; he did not seek riches but a pure worship. The tenth chapter of Genesis has been thought to be a fragment of a larger work; for though doubt less the writer was acquainted with the colonies east of the Caucassus, he mentions only the emigrations to the west. Joshua reminds the Israelites of the country inhabited by their fathers, "beyond the flood," or the Gihoon. India is, undoubtedly, mentioned, Esther i, 1, and the voyages " of Solomon's fleets to that country, would have been less difficult, than to some other regions, which have been de signated as their places of traffic. Nor is evidence wanting that the prophets sometimes had reference to China in their addresses. See, Sinim. The Jews in their captivity having resided in the northern part of the Assyrian empire, it would be strange if their prophets had not acquired some knowledge of what has been since called Poland, or the southern part of Russia, perhaps as far as their ancient capital, which has been lately destroyed. To the west, "the islands afar off have not heard my fame, nor seen my glory." These might include not only the isles of the Mediterranean, but Spain, and perhaps Great Britain. The Bible has the pre-eminence overevery other book of equal antiquity, over every ancient book, most celebrated in the science of geography, Geographical Exc cursions. ZAANANNIM, a city of Palestine, of the tribe of Naph tali, Micah i, 11. ZABADEANS, Arabians, who dwelt to the east of the mountains of Gilead. Jonathan the Maccabee, overcame them. See 1 Macc. xii, S1. But it is very probable, that instead of Zabadeans, which is a name entirely unknown, it ought to be read Nabatheans, as Josephus has done. The Nabatheans are well known. 1 ZAIR, the same as Seir, which see. ZALMON, a mountain of Palestine near Shechem, Psal. lxiii. Lat. 32, 9. . ZALMONA, an encamp ment of Israel, while in the wilderness. Some suppose this was the place where the brazen serpent was raised. ZAMZAMIMS, a race of mighty giants, who probably sprang from Ham, and who dwelt on the east of Jordan; they were finally destroyed by the Ammonites, Deut. ii, 20. ZANOAH, a city of Canaan, built and inhabited by Jekuthiel and his posterity. There were two places of this name, Josh. xv, 34, and 56, and ¡Esdras iii, 13. ZAPHON, a city of Canaan, of the tribe of Gad, Josh. xii, 27. ZARA, a city of Moab. It was taken by Alexander Jannæus. Josephus. ZARED, or ZERED, a brook beyond Jordan, and on the frontier of the Moabites. It discharges itself into the Dead Sea, or is perhaps a branch of the Arnon. Numb. xxi, 12; Deut. ii, 13, Sec 14. Lat. 31, 6. ZARED, a valley in the land of Moab, through which the brook of the same name ran. Bonfrerius. ZAREPHATH, or SAREPTA, a city of the Sidonians, situate in Phoenicia, between Tyre and Sidon, upon the coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It was remarkable for being the dwelling place of Elijah the prophet, (1 Kings xvii, 9, 10) while there was a famine in the land of Israel. The town consists now of only a few straggling houses on the top of the hills, half a mile from the Mediterranean. Probably the town, anciently, stood between these hills and the sea, an extent of ruins is now visible there. In the time of Jerome, and a long time after, they showed the place where the prophet lived. Since this, a church has been erected on the spot; the wine of Sarepta was celebrated. The place is now called Saraphan. Maundrel, Kimpton, p. 233. ZARETHAN, or ZARETAN, a place on the west of the Jordan, near to which the wa ter of the river rose in a pile, as Joshua and the tribes passed the channel, at a distance below. Near this place in the plains of Jericho, and almost over against Succoth, were the great vessels of the temple cast, Joshua iii, 16; 1 Kings V, 12. " ZARETH-SHAHIR, a city of the tribe of Reuben, beyond Jordan, Josh. xiii, 19. ZEBOIM, one of the four cities of Pentapolis, that was consumed by fire from heaven, Gen. xvi, 2, and xix, 24. Eu sebius and St. Jerome speak of Zeboim, as of a city remaining in their time, upon the western shore of the Dead Sea. Therefore after the time of Lot and Abraham, this city must have been rebuilt, about the same place it was before. Mention is made of the valley of Zeboim, 1 Sam. xiii, 18, and of a city of the same name in the tribe of Benjamin, Neh. xi, 34. This last is mention ed as late as A. D. 400. ZEBULUN, a city of the tribe of Asher, but which probably was afterwards yield ed to the tribe of Zebulun, whence it took its name, Josh. xix, 27. It was not far from Ptolemais, since Josephus makes the length of lower Galiiee to be from Tiberias to Ptolemais. Elon, the judge of Israel, was of the tribe of Zebulun, and was buried in this place, Judges xii. . ZEBULON. This tribe ex tending from the Mediterranean to the sea of Galilee, was bet ter situated for commerce than perhaps any other portion of Canaan. Had Jacob presided |