the masters, on holidays when there is no preaching or at any hours when the bachelors or other scholars have generally lectured, shall be by no means more strictly obliged to lecture, by virtue of any oath or promise, than the said scholars or bachelors.

(CXXXVII.) Of duly attending to the form.

We likewise enact, that those hearing the text in any faculty, are, according to the appointed and requisite form, bound to attend lectures on the same, with questions, according to the method of questioning used by their masters, if the mode of lecturing in that faculty require questions and answers. We wish the scholars to be warned to the observance of this statute by the admonition or declaration of their masters.

(CXXXVIII.) Of the bachelors and opponents in any faculty, and of those responding to the question, and inceptors.

We enact, that all newly incepting in any faculty, or respondents to the question in arts, shall, on pain of suspension, pay to the proctors of the University, one commons, within eight days from the time of their inception, or of their being respondents to the question; but those who have not been at a certain commons (communa) shall make satisfaction to them according as their rank or honour shall demand. We will also that the master to whom the bachelor responds to the question shall be responsible for the payment of his commons; nor shall any one presume to respond to the question before the last term of the fourth year from the time he first attended lectures in arts in the University; which we wish to be made known upon corporal oath to his master, before he be admitted to respond. We also enact, that none be admitted to respond to the question in arts aforesaid unless he has first duly, and in public, heard the Summulæ cum Fallaciis, the Abstractiones secundum usum Schola

Currentis, and the Tractatus Insolubilium; and besides he shall have made promise to the proctors, or one of them, upon corporal oath; and also unless he shall swear that he will determine in this University within two years, under penalty of one mark to be paid to the common chest within a month after he has failed so to do.

(CXXXIX.) Of those determining for themselves.

We also enact, that no one shall presume to determine in arts in Lent, unless he shall have responded to the question on the day preceding the purification of the Blessed Virgin. We also enact, that none presume to determine in arts within the fifth year, and that every one about to determine shall have attended lectures on the book of Terence, ordinarily, that is to say, for two years; and books of logic for a year; also natural philosophy or metaphysics, (according to what happens to be read in his time), for one year. Also that his knowledge as opponent and respondent shall have been approved of by the masters of the said faculty, and that he be esteemed fit and sufficient in standing, morals, and age, by the decision of the masters deputed for this purpose by the University, and then at last shall he be admitted to keep a determination, when he shall have sworn that he has completed this form approved in this University.

(CXL.) Of those determining for others.

It is also enacted, that no one shall be admitted to determine for others, unless in the opinion of the masters he exceed, in standing, morals, and learning, the standard fixed by them for the determiners, by one year's labour or study, at least. To the observance of this and the statute mentioned next above, the two proctors shall be deputed, together with two other masters of arts elected for this purpose by all the other regents in the said faculty, or their

numerical majority; and then at last he shall be admitted, when he shall swear that he has acted up to the form above-mentioned approved of in the University.

(CXLI.) Of those reading cursorily in arts.

Also, no bachelor in arts shall publicly read any textbook, before the completion of the year of his determination.

(CXLII.) Of superfluous preliminaries at inceptions.

We likewise enact, that henceforth persons shall incept in canon law and other law without any superfluous or frivolous prelude; so that one master only who is actually regent in this University shall deliver to the inceptor the book and cap, with a benediction in certain brief terms, not exceeding the Lord's Prayer in length.

(CXLIII.) Of those annually resuming, and the form of a resumption.

We also enact, that every one annually resuming in arts shall first determine for three masters of his faculty. A master in physic is bound to do this for all the masters in his faculty. A professor in civil law shall repeat once in all the schools of his faculty. A doctor in canon law shall determine twice at least. A doctor in divinity shall similarly determine two questions for two doctors. But the day of making the determination shall be assigned to them by the chancellor, when they shall dispute in their ordinary habit, and shall take a corporal oath, such as those newly incepting generally take. But the opposite side of the question shall not be determined, as is usually done at inceptions. No one shall here incept or annually resume, except under a master who has here incepted or annually resumed; nor shall any one presume here newly to incept, unless he has studied for a year in this University, unless his conversation and knowledge be generally well known in the same. All persons, except the inceptor or

inceptors, shall, on the day after the inception, cease altogether from lectures, provided that on the preceding day they were, or could have been, at a feast with him who keeps his inception.

(CXLIV.) That no master or bachelor shall lecture at the time of an inception.

We also enact, that none shall presume to read at the time of inceptions or annual resumptions; nor, whilst a doctor, master, or bachelor shall be reading ordinarily or cursorily, or keeping an annual exercise by determining, repeating, or disputing, shall he draw off their hearers by reading any where else in the town; but every one shall duly and faithfully, as far as he is able, increase the number of hearers.

(CXLV.) That none by the request of any nobles be promoted to a scholastic degree.

Since the sanctions of the laws and . . . (a part of the phrase is lost) by means of himself, another, or others, procure the prayers of some person or community to be made to our University; but that every one shall hinder these prayers from being made as much as he can. But if such requests are laid before the University, in behalf of any person aspiring to a scholastic degree, by the person himself, or some friend of his at his own procuring, he shall from that time be for ever disqualified from taking a scholastic degree in the said University. And for the stricter observance of this statute, we will and ordain that every scholar, on his first admission to any act or scholastic degree, shall swear that he will never procure such requests to be made for himself or another, nor will he assume a scholastic degree by virtue of such requests, nor will he permit that any one else so assume it. This statute shall by no means be dispensed with, without the consent of the

regent and non-regent masters. And, if it happen that by the occasion of these requests or letters, in excusing, defending, prosecuting, causing expense, or in any other way we are harassed, thenceforward, if he be a member of a college or a monk, neither the person by whose design the said prayers or letters have been sent us, nor any one of the same college or cloister with him, shall be admitted to any scholastic exercise or degree, unless he first make compensation to the aforesaid University for the losses and expenses incurred in that matter. But if any one, in whose behalf a supplication shall chance to be made, approve of the favour granted him by the University, on account of this supplication, by receiving it, we decree that he who has obtained the said supplication shall incur the above penalty, just as if he had been chiefly instrumental in procuring it to be made.

(CXLVI.) Of the habits and insignia of masters.

Regents in theology, decrees, and arts, shall wear close capes, or mantles, at ordinary lectures and disputations, and shall proceed to inceptions and obsequies decently in the same habit. We prohibit and enact that no lay inceptor in degrees shall use any other habit than a red cape at ordinary lectures; nor shall this statute respecting the red cape be any ways dispensed with, without the consent of the regent and non-regent masters. Of regents in laws and physic, we enact that they shall not lecture nor keep masters' exercises, except in capes with furred sleeves (manicatis furrealis), not, however, lined (lineatis) unless they choose. Nor shall any regent master of arts enter assemblies or schools to read, to be opponent or respondent, unless he wear his ordinary habit of a cape with sleeves (capa manicata). We, moreover, wish this to be observed with regard to bachelors of any faculty reading cursorily, except those in