Moral Science: A Compendium of EthicsD. Appleton and Company, 1869 - 337 стор. |
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Загальні терміни та фрази
according actions Adam Smith affections agent appetite approve arising Aristippus Aristotle association Beneficence Benevolence cardinal virtues categorical Imperative Chapter character Chrysippus conduct connexion Conscience consequences considers constitution Courage Cyrenaics Deity Democritus desire determined disinterested disposition distinction divine doctrine duty Epictetus Epicurean Epicurus Ethics evil exercise existence external farther favour feelings friendship gives happiness highest honour idea incontinent individual injustice innate intellectual interest judgment Justice laws of nature mankind means ment merit mind moral approbation moral faculty moral rules moral sense moral sentiment motive Neo-Platonic notion Noumenon object obligation opinion ourselves passions pathy perception perfect person philosophy Plato pleasures and pains Plotinus political practical principle Protagoras Prudence punishment question racter rational reason regard remarks right and wrong sanction self-love selfish society Sokrates standard Stoicism Stoics Summum Bonum sympathy tendency theory things Timocracy tion truth universal Utility vice virtue virtuous voluntary
Популярні уривки
Сторінка 231 - Nature has placed mankind under the governance of two sovereign masters, pain and pleasure. It is for them alone to point out what we ought to do, as well as to determine what we shall do.
Сторінка 274 - The creed which accepts as the foundation of morals, Utility, or the Greatest Happiness Principle, holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness.
Сторінка 231 - It is for them alone to point out what we ought to do, as well as to determine what we shall do. On the one hand the standard of right and wrong, on the other the chain of causes and effects, are fastened to their throne. They govern us in all we do, in all we say, in all we think: every effort we can make to throw off our subjection, will serve but to demonstrate and confirm it.
Сторінка 121 - The RIGHT OF NATURE, which writers commonly call jus naturale, is the liberty each man hath, to use his own power, as he will himself, for the preservation of his own nature; that is to say, of his own life; and consequently, of doing anything which in his own judgment and reason he shall conceive to be the aptest means thereunto.
Сторінка 278 - The internal sanction of duty, whatever our standard of duty may be, is one and the same — a feeling in our own mind ; a pain, more or less intense, attendant on violation of duty, which in properly cultivated moral natures rises, in the more serious cases, into shrinking from it as an impossibility.
Сторінка 293 - I conceive it to be the business of Moral Science to deduce, from the laws of life and the conditions of existence, what kinds of action necessarily tend to produce happiness, and what kinds to produce unhappiness. Having done this, its deductions are to be recognized as laws of conduct ; and are to be conformed to irrespective of a direct estimation of happiness or misery.
Сторінка 281 - Will is the child of desire, and passes out of the dominion of its parent only to come under that of habit. That which is the result of habit affords no presumption of being intrinsically good; and there would be no reason for wishing that the purpose of virtue should become independent of pleasure and pain, were...
Сторінка 121 - It is consequent also to the same condition that there be no propriety, no dominion, no mine and thine distinct, but only that to be every man's that he can get, and for so long as he can keep it.
Сторінка 278 - ... derived from sympathy, from love, and still more from fear; from all the forms of religious feeling; from the recollections of childhood and of all our past life; from self-esteem, desire of the esteem of others, and occasionally even self-abasement.
Сторінка 280 - Life would be a poor thing, very ill provided with sources of happiness, if there were not this provision of nature, by which things originally indifferent, but conducive to, or otherwise associated with, the satisfaction of our primitive desires, become in themselves sources of pleasure more valuable than the primitive pleasures, both in permanency, in the space of human existence that they are capable of covering, and even in intensity.