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Manufacture of malleable iron and steel.
Smelting iron ores.

Manufacture of iron and steel.

Machinery for the manufacture of malleable iron and steel.

Manufacture of malleable iron and steel, and machinery therefor.

Machinery for the manufacture of iron and steel. Malleable iron and steel; machinery and apparatus for such manufacture.

Manufacture of malleable iron and steel.

Manufacture of pig iron.

Nov. 20, 1857

March 1, 1860

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58

Jan.

114

Jan.

8, 1862 13, 1862

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1,208 May

1, 1865

2,835 Nov.

3, 1865

84

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566

Feb. 23, 1869

Manufacture of iron and steel, and apparatus therefor.

3,714 Dec. 31, 1867 Treatment of cast iron, and manufacture of iron

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and steel.

Manufacture of refined iron, and malleable iron

Manufacture of malleable iron and steel.

Manufacture of malleable iron and steel.

Machinery and buildings for manufacture of iron and cast steel from pig iron.

Manufacture of malleable iron and steel.

Manufacture of malleable iron and steel.

Conversion of fluid crude iron into fluid malleable iron and steel.

Treatment of crude iron.

Working blast furnaces.

Fusing of metals and alloys, and founding of same.
Purifying iron; making malleable iron.

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40 1,388 June

18, 1855

45

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52

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31, 1856

37 Jan.

5, 1863

111

5

1,365 April 112 4,110 Oct.

Shaping and pressing malleable iron and steel.

Apparatus for pressing, shaping, and cutting metallic substances.

Making iron plate and black plate.

10, 1879 Preparing tin plates, bars, and slabs.

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DCCLXXXIX.

MEMORIAL NOTICES OF MEMBERS DECEASED.

[NOTES.-It has been thought by the Council that the importance of the life work and achievements of Sir Henry Bessemer, Honorary Member of the Society, deceased during the year, should receive a fuller reference than the brief note usual in the necrology of the year.

Readers are therefore referred to the monograph prepared by Mr. James Dredge, of London, which will be found as a separate paper at page 882 of the current volume.]

JOHN THOMAS.

John Thomas was born at Yniscedwin, South Wales, September 10, 1829. The family moved, in 1830, to the New World, and after a brief residence in Allentown they moved to Catasauqua, where Mr. Thomas spent his youth, starting as a blacksmith's apprentice at the Crane Iron Works. Later he entered the machine. shops and furnaces, and upon the retirement of his father from the superintendency of the Crane Iron Works his son succeeded him. He filled the position with ability and success until 1867, when he resigned it to become General Superintendent of the Thomas Iron Company's works at Hokendauqua. He remained in this position until 1894, building up the facilities of the works and notably increasing the quality of the product. Advancing years and failing health compelled Mr. Thomas to turn over the active management of the works to his son, and since that time he has been mostly engaged superintending his other business in Pennsylvania.

He became a member of the Society in 1883 upon the proposal of Messrs. Eckley B. Coxe, John Fritz, and others. He passed away at his home March 19, 1897, at the age of sixty-seven years.

CHARLES H. PARKER.

Mr. Parker began his professional career in 1860 as designer on textile machinery, shoe machinery, and general work with the firm of J. B. Parker & Co. In 1860 he became Superintendent of Construction with J. R. Robinson, of Boston, concerned with

the introduction of motive-power appliances, and, from 1866 to. 1868, and including a residence at the Paris Exposition of 1867, was with the Shaw Hot Air Engine Company, engaged in experimental work.

It has often been noticed that the achievement of the engineer in public works fails to receive its adequate recognition. It is especially so in the case of an engineer like Mr. Parker, who was concerned with an establishment such as was the National Bridge Works of Boston; for during the seven years of his connection with them, from 1868 to 1875, he designed and built important bridges over the Merrimac at Lowell, Haverhill, and Tyngsboro; and over one hundred and fifty other bridges of different spans, made from the designs of others, were carried through the shop and erected by him. Notable in this list is the Quinnipiac, at New Haven, designed by Clemens Hershel; the iron roof of the large train house of the Boston & Providence Depot, the Boston & Lowell Depot, the Museum of Fine Arts, the Boston Post Office and Treasury Building, and the iron work of the Providence City Hall. Besides this, his works included a large number of oil refinery outfits, tankage pipe lines, mill roofs, blast-furnace works, etc. In the latter years of his life he was connected with the Charles River Iron Works, of Cambridgeport, designing, constructing, and erecting mining machinery, hoisting engines, and power plants. He became a member of the Society at the meeting in Boston, in 1885, and died August 31, 1897.

ALBERT L. IDE.

Mr. Ide was born in Wapakoneta, Ohio, March 20, 1841. He came to Illinois in 1843 with his father, L. II. Ide, and lived on a farm near Williamsville, until 1855, when he moved to Springfield. He early showed his mechanical tastes and instincts, and was a neighborhood clock repairer. In 1856 he entered the shop of Campbell & Richardson as an apprentice and remained with them until the first call for troops in the Civil War. His active service ended as Major of the Thirty-second Illinois Infantry, from which he was honorably discharged for disability after a severe fever. After the close of the war he built and equipped and became president of a city railway line in Springfield, and in 1870 started the business of steam-heating, the capitol building being one of his successful achievements. In

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