approbation of his conduct for the last five years preceding! RUSSIA. The Bible Society of St. Petersburgh has caused to be printed and published, in the Mogul and Calmue languages, the Four Evangelists with the History of the Holy Apostles, which will be followed by the whole of the New Testament. These Editions will be distinguished for the beauty of their type. The Church of Isaac at St. Peters burgh, which has been raised at an enormous expence, and is nearly finish. ed, is to be pulled down, because it does not reach the idea which the Emperor had formed of its grandeur and magnificence. It is to be re-built, from a model of the Cathedral of the Virgin Mary, at Cassan, with much greater magnificence. To effect this, the plan has been completely changed. The new structure will be commenced in the ensuing Spring, provided a war with the Turks should not intervene. GERMANY. The Topography of Bohemia, by Scheller, published about thirty years ago, will no longer satisfy the wishes of the inquisitive reader, on account of the number of changes which have taken place in that kingdom. Theres fore, Mr. Edward Ponsik! has undertaken a new work, under the title of A Statistical Topography of the King dom of Bohemia. The first part will be occupied with general matter, and will contain researches on the name, and the most ancient epochs in the history of Bohemia, its boundaries, soil, climate, and the state of the Arts. The author will also treat of the language, religion, and manners of the inhabitants; and include memoirs of learned men and of artists, whose works are known in Bohemia. In the second part, a particular description will be given of every city, village, or lordship, with their several dependencies enumerated and described. This work of Mr. Ponsikl is looked for with great impatience. The History of the French, by M. Simonde de Sismondi, has been translated into German, by Mr. SteconLuden, Professor of History. The first volume has already appeared, with notes by the Translator. " A Society of Natural History is about to be formed at Friburgh; the members are to assemble every fifteen days, when lectures and memoirs will be delivered. This Society will par ticularly endeavour to derive all possi ble advantages from the productions of the country. The Memoirs are to be published annually; and the Grand Duke honours this useful institution with his special protection. Dr. Dorrow, Aulic Counsellor, and a learned Archeologist, director of the administration for the preservation of Roman and German Antiquities, in the departments of the Rhine, has transported to Bonn a very curious BassoRelievo, which was found in 1811, in the small river, called the Inde, Dend, or Ingue, near the village of TreinzLamersdorff (in the ancient department of the Roer.) This piece of sculpturé is 4 feet 4 inches in length, 2 feet 2 inches in height, and 1 foot 8 inches thick. Whilst it stood for some time in the square of that village, the figures were considerably mutilated, by the mischievous wantonness of boys, and the affected delicacy of an old religi ous prude, who actually employed a stone-mason to mutilate certain parts of the male figures. The rest were suffered to escape their savage fury, and are in good preservation. Between the columns a temple is seen, from which a female is advancing at a quick pace, bearing a small image of Diana in her hand, and on each side are two naked male figures. They are armed with small swords, and one of them is carrying two darts. Behind these figures a burning altar is seen, at the foot of which the Holocaust, or burnt offering, is extended. The history of this subject is not doubtful; it is Iphigenia of Tauris, accompanied by Orestes and Pylades, carrying the image of her goddess. Although this piece does not appear to be highly finished, yet enough remains to place the artist high in the estimation of the connoisseur. The style differs essentially from all the other pieces of Roman sculp ture, which have been lately discovered in the department of the Rhine. The proportions of the naked figures are perfect, the head of Iphigenia is full of expression, and the drapery light and graceful. M. Dorrow has discovered, in the same river, twelve other pieces of sculpture, which he safely landed. On the bank of the same river, he dug up the capital of a pillar, which bears the marks of great antiquity. This stone does not differ in quality from those found in the quarries near Aix-la-Chapelle. No doubt remains, but that the Basso-Relievo, the Capital, and the others yet remaining in the river, are only the fragments of an ancient temple. But what temple this was, or at what period it existed, re At Coimbra, there is a University, directed by six of the Faculty, and a preparatory College for students. The University and College together contain, annually, from 1280 to 1600 students. In 1819, all these establishments were attended by 31,401 pupils. Besides these National Institutions,there are several others, (where youth are educated for particular professions,➡➡ such as the Marine and Commercial Academies at Porto, which contained 315 students, in 1820; and the Academy at Lisbon, in which there were 315 students, in 1821. The Commercial Academy at Lisbon is attended ans nually by 150 pupils; and the Royal Military Academy for Artillery and Fortification by 80 pupils. The Mi litary College of Luz, near Lisbon, bas 200 students. The Royal Mili tary Schools of St. Vincent de. Foan, at Lisbon, are attended annually by upwards of 200 students. In the same city there are, the Royal College of Nobles, the Royal Academy for the Arabian Language, the Royal School for Civil Architecture and Drawing, a Royal School for Sculpture, another for Engraving, an Institution for Music, and several other public Institutions of less note. Exclusive of the Professors Chairs at Coimbra, Surgery is taught by the Royal School of Surgery, annexed to the Grand Hospital of St. Joseph, at Lisbon, and by those at Porto, Elvas, and Chaves. The Military School for Mutual Instruction, to which are admitted the children of citizens, had 2518 scholars in 1818, and this number has much increased since. The Royal Academy of Sciences at Lisbon has published, annually, since it was founded, memoirs that are not less learned than useful, on every branch of human knowledge, which are printed at their own Academic press. The Portuguese have formed several literary Societies, among which may be noticed, The Patriotic Literary Society, and the Society of Encouragement, at Lisbon. The annual average of books printed in Portugal, since 1805 to 1819, inclusive, amount to 94. GREECE.† is ro Janina, in Albania, that now performs so distinguished a part in the history of Greece, and whose inhabitants, to the number of 40,000, are eminent for their knowledge and industry, is, at this period, possessed of two Schools, where the Dead Lan guages are taught. The first was founded 130 years ago, by Ghioni, a rich merchant, who had placed a considerable sum in the bank of Venice for its support, but of which the French possessed themselves, during their oc cupation of Venice. Since that period, this establishment has been supported at the expense of a Greek family, named Zosima, and contains more than 300 pupils; the other, established within 30 years, contains 100. These institu tions possess two libraries, and a cabi net of natural history. Lately the method of mutual instruction has been adopted, and several pupils have al ready left these schools to finish their education at the German Universities. ITALY. The clergy at Rome consist of nineteen cardinals, twenty-seven bishops, 1,450 priests, 1,532 monks, 1,464 nuns, and 332 seminarists. The population of Rome, with the exception of the Jews, consisted, in 1821, of 146,000 souls. The births during that year were 4,756, the deaths 5,415, and the marriages 1,265. A circular, issued by the Piedmon tese custom houses, has placed new restrictions with regard to the admis sion of books into Piedmont ; each list must be accompanied by a duplicate account, containing the name of the. author, the title of the work, date of publication, number of the edition, the number of volumes or sheets printed, the separate price of each work, also the net weight of engravings and books, whether stitched or bound. SWITZERLAND. The censorship at Lausanne has ordered that the proprietors of reading rooms in that city shall not lend out the works of Sir Walter Scott! FRANCE. ta The equinoxial tides in the autumn of 1820 discovered at the mouth of the Saane, several coffins of gypsum, containing human skeletons in good preservation, with Roman tiles, fragments of earthen vessels, arms, and armour. M. Sollicoffre, inspector of the customs at Dieppe, has placed these antique fragments beyond the reach of is laid on a bed of Roman tiles, then a layer UNIVERSAL POPULATION. The total number of the inhabitants of the globe is estimated at 632 millions; 172 millions in Europe, 330 raillions in Asia, 70 millions in Africa, 40 millions in America, and 20 millions in the Southern regions. The births in Europe are 6,371,370 a year; 17,453 a day; 727 an hour; 62 a minute, and 1 every moment. the sea, and offered to the academy of Rouen all the information respecting them in his power. The account that he received from the country people in the neighbourhood was, that they have found in their fields medals and constructed fragments, which warrant the opinion that some city, which was visited by the Romans, formerly existed on these grounds. A second discovery, more recently made, for which we are indebted to M. Sollicoffre, leaves no doubt that the Romans sojourned on the coasts of Normandy. One of the inhabitants of Saint Margaret's, ploughing a field on the ridge of a little eminence, not far from the sea, and west of the village, encoun tered, very near the surface, a perfect piece of Mosaic pavement, which arrested the plough. M. Sollicoffre found that this piece of Mosaic pavement was enclosed by a square wall of two fathoms. He drew a sketch of his discovery, which, with a memorial, he transmitted to the French Institute and the Academy of Sciences at Rouen. It The deaths in Europe are 5,058,822 appears by this sketch, that this Moa year; 13,860 a day; 577 an hour; › saic pavement represents concentric 66 a minute, and 1 every moment.→→ circles of different colours, of a rose Throughout the universe, the Births shape, of which the exterior circle is are rated at 23,407,407 a year, 64,130 six inches, and the central circle two a day, 2,672 an hour, 148 a minute, inches in diameter. These roses are and 8 every moment. -The Deaths, placed beside each other in such a 18,588,236 a year, 50,927 a day, 2,122... manner, that the intervals form a loan hour, 135 a minute, and 7 every zenge of divers colours, the sides of moment. The number of persons who which are curved with points in contact had attained to the age of a hundred with the segment of the exterior circle and upwards, in the year 1800, accord-> of each rose. The material of this ing to Larrey, in Cairo, 35 individuals.v Mosaic pavement is neither marble nor -In Spain, during the last century, at granite, but a composition of argilla- St. John-lo-Pays, 13 old men received ceous earths. The small pieces, when Communion, the youngest of whom joined together, form a cubic 'shape, was 110 years old, and the eldest 127 ; from an inch and a half to two-thirds their united ages amounted to 1,499.of au inch, the exterior forming a tra In England, one man in 3,100 attains pezium; the various degrees of desic- the age of a hundred. At the com cation, which these earths appear to mencement of the present century, in have undergone in the progress of ma- a part of Ireland, there were 41 indinufacture, appear to account for their viduals from 95 to 104 years old, where durability or friability. Their colours the population only amounted to 47,000 are red, white, yellow, and blue, ap- souls. In Russia, among 891,652 deaths proaching to violet, but tarnished. The in the year 1814, there were 3,531 indi-ħ cement, which unites the component viduals from the age of 100 to 132. parts, is composed of pulverised flint, In Hungary, the family of John Rovin lime, and sand. At some little distance has furnished the most astonishing in-n from this spot the researches of M. Sol- stances of longevity; the father lived d licoffre led him to suppose the conti- 172 years; his wife 164; and they hadh nuation of this Mosaic pavement, and been married 142 years, and the youngthat it formed the floor of some spaciest of their children was 115 years! ous hall. The cement which holds it of age. - QUID SIT PULCHRUM, QUID TURPE, QUID UTILE, QUID NON. ENGLISH. Russian Anthology; or, Specimens of the Russian Poets. Translated by John Bowring, F.L.S. London. 12mo. pp. 239. 7s. This is, indeed, a curiosity, and we cordially invite the lovers of what is rare and elegant to its inspection. We have fruits and flowers imported from the Frozen Regions of the North, which we have been hitherto taught to believe bloomed and ripened only under southern suns, equal in flavour, nor inferior, in hue and fragrance to the productions of the Tropics. But to speak without a metaphor, the little volume before us deserves the particular consideration of all, to whom intellectual development is an object of interest-of every one, who has the magnanimity, in a selfish age and generation, to encourage the efforts of genius, struggling for emancipation from the thraldom in which ignorance and vassalage would confine it. We hail this specimen of Russian literature as the pledge and promise of a speedy liberation from her long intellectual bondage; as the day spring, visiting the protracted night of her mental darkness and moral degradation. translator, in the following passage from Mr. Bowring's well-written introductory observations: "No one can be more alive than I am, to the extreme difficulty of communicating to a foreign version the peculiar characters of the original.— The grace, the harmony, the happy arrangement, the striking adaptation of words to ideas; every thing in fact, except the primary and naked thought, requires, for its perfect communication, a genius equal to its first conception." Pope has asserted, that critics as well as poets, must be born such; and Mr. Bowring, very properly, puts in a similar claim for translators also. Fully aware of the difficulties the translator has to encounter, we do not hesitate to say, that, so far as we have had opportunities of comparing the poems now rendered with the originals, Mr. Bowring has not only performed his task with fidelity, the first duty of a translator, but with an ease and elegance, which exhibit a mind largely gifted with the poetical temperament, and a genius closely allied' to the fine spirits, whose language and sentiments he has clothed in the most harmonious English versification. We may be here permitted, by way of digression, to state a fact, which cannot be generally known, but which deserves to be widely circulated. A venerable minister of the Church of Iceland cultivated his native poetry with success, and enriched it with a translation of our divine Epic The Paradise Lost. The poets, with whose writings it He presented his MS. to the library has been Mr. Bowring's attempt to fa- of the Literary Fond: This version is miliarize us, are thirteen, of various stated, on competent authority, to be degrees of merit and interest. Of the executed with uncommon spirit, and, extreme difficulty of doing justice to in many instances, to rival the original. the subject, every one, conversant with We have been tempted to the commúthe Sclavonic or modern Russ, must be nication of intelligence so interesting, sensible: there are many words, the from a conviction that it will prove meaning of which can only be partially acceptable to such of our readers as given by lengthened compounds and have been accustomed to associate circumlocutory phrases. We are tho-sterility of poetical intellect with friroughly disposed to concede, as much gidity of climate. To Mr. Bowring we are indebted for an agreeable introduction to the general literature of Russia, and for a particular acquaintance with her poets. -How gracefully and how well he has performed his part, it remains for us to shew. 1 1 as seems to be demanded of the perfect But to proceed to the work before us. The first poet, in order as in talent, is Derzhavin.-His compositious breathe a sublime spirit. His Ode. on God is singularly impressive. It is a compressed selection and beautiful' » arrangement of the established but sublime conceptions of the Deity. It is stated to have been rendered into Japanese by order of the Emperor, and to have been hung up, embroidered with gold, in the temple of Jeddo; it has also been translated into the Chinese and Tartar languages. The last paragraph, beginning with "Creator, yes," is remarkably impressive. From Derzhavin's Poem of the Waterfall we extract the following beautiful passage: f 0 To Derzhavin succeeds Batjushkov, and his very interesting Poem, “To My Peuates," has been as touchingly rendered by the translator, and reminds us of L'Allegro of Milton, From the father of Russian poetry, Somonosov, we have a short poem as original as profound, But we must waive this formal ceremony of particular introduction, and bring before our readers “Karamsin," of whose genius we have here some fine specimens. He has been styled, the Nightingale of Poetry, and it is meet that we should be indulged with a strain. We have selected a little plaintive poem, not so much for its superiority to the others, as from its convenient adaptation to our limits. LILEA. What a lovely flower I sec. Fate so desolate and dread, Of the national songs, that in page 201 is remarkably happy, but we can no further indulge in extracts from this interesting volume. In recalling the memory of our readers to the fact, that this volume is a representative of the unformed and infant literature of Russia, we may confidently ask, if, even through the imperfect medium in which our short Review has exhibited these ta lents, they have, for one moment, found such apology necessary-or, whether they have felt disposed to qualify their praise, by any reference to the immaturity we have noticed. If this be the infancy of Literature, a gigantic manhood is indeed to be anticipated. We should not do justice to our own feelings, did we not apologise to Mr. Bowring for the tardy honours we have bestowed upon his work, which, by its own intrinsic excellence, has already reached a second edition; nor can we refrain from the expression of our high admiration. of the healthy tone and the manly vigour which distinguish these productions. The torch of Russian poesy has been kindled by "a ray from heaven;" it burns with a lustre as brilliant as it is steady.The Muse stands here invested with her sublimest attributes, and faithful to her trust, and true to her allegiance, the interests of virtue are her joyful theme, and the aim and object even of her more rapturous aspirations. Sir Marmaduke Maxwell, a Dramatic Poem; the Mermaid of Galloway; the Legend of Richard Faulder; and twenty Scottish Songs. By Allan Cunningham. 12mo. There is in the poets and original writers of Scotland, as well as in their critics, an untamed energy, a remnant of that original ferocity which characterizes human nature, before the softer charms of science have tempered its grossness, and refined the harsher ele. ments of its constitution. Scotchmen, in general, reason closely and acutely, but they feel coarsely and palpably: their sentiments are seldom impressed with the characters of mind or unearthly |