the most popular type, and makes the most penetrating noise. The sound of a buzzer type horn may be regulated by the adjusting screw provided for the purpose.

A motor-driven warning signal is the latest addition to the Stewart accessory family. The motor is very simply arranged, with the ratchet rotor on the end of the armature shaft and

Fig. 277.-Diagram Showing Construction of Electric Buzzer and Other Mechanical Horns.

bearing directly against a stirrup on the diaphragm. This arrangement provides a very simple and direct mechanism for producing the sound. A feature of the instrument is that the motor is completely assembled in itself and can be slipped directly into the housing of the warning signal. With this arrangement, the bearings are always in alignment and the friction and resistance are cut to a minimum. The front bearing at the rotor end is a bronze bushing, while at the other end there is a ball thrust X, as shown in the illustration Fig. 278. The lubrication of the instru

ment is taken care of by a ball oiler which provides a passage directly to the armature shaft.

Some of the advantages claimed for the instrument by the manufacturers are light weight, high speed with small amperage, water-tight winding, firm fastenings to resist centrifugal force, hard drawn copper commutator and the winding which is so ar

ranged as to provide maximum saturation of the fields. The tone of the signal may be adjusted by a sounding button in the center of the diaphragm.

Direction Indicators.-In any city where there is considerable traffic, there is always the liability of a car colliding with one that has suddenly stopped without giving due notice of the fact to those following. A number of electrically operated direction in

dicators have been devised to give notice of an intention to stop or to turn with a view of eliminating danger of collision. Typical devices of this nature are shown in Fig. 279. The Warner device shown at A is a very neat and easily installed form. The external appearance of this device is made clear by the photograph, which also shows its size, by comparison with the standard number plate. The outer case is brass, and inside there is a glass cylinder divided

into four sections, one bearing the word "Stop," another colored plain red, and the other two labelled "Turn," bearing arrows pointing to right and left respectively. At the end of the case there are three magnets which can be caused to pull around an armature and turn the glass cylinder more or less according to which magnet is energized. In the section this armature is shown hanging in the bottom position to which it returns by gravity when the magnets are deenergized. The lamp is accessible from the end of the case, and there is a long, narrow window along the top of

the case through which a shaft of light illuminates the registration plate.

It is recommended that the control be both by finger-operated switch and by connection to the brake pedal for bringing the "Stop" signal into play. Normally, when there is no current in any magnet and the armature lies at the bottom, it is the plain red section of the glass cylinder that is opposite the rear window, and this acts as a tail light. A bell forms the left end of the outer case, as can be seen in the cut, and this is arranged to ring every time the signal is operated.

The Safetylite is the name of a rear signal recently put on the market shown at Fig. 279, B, which indicates the direction in which a car is going to turn as shown in the accompanying illustration by means of arrows. The device consists of an aluminum casing containing electric bulbs controlled from the dash or steering wheel. The light from the bulbs brightens either the right or the left arrow so as to render it clearly visible to a driver in the rear. The signal is fitted with a standard license-plate bracket.

The Pomeroy signal is shown at C. This also provides the red rear light and also indicates Left, Right and Stop. The drawing shows electrical operation, there being three solenoids; two operate the swinging indicator lever to show L or R and the third controls a shutter which normally covers up the stop signal. Electric contacts are arranged on the steering wheel so that movement in either direction swings over the right and left lever, and for the stop signal there is a separate push button.

The Vulcan Electric Gearshift.-A new system of gear shifting has been recently developed which depends on the use of electric. current to shift the gears instead of the usual hand lever. The steering wheel is shown at Fig. 280, with the various speed-changing buttons let into a box attached to the steering post while the wiring is as outlined at Fig. 281. The operation of shifting a gear is very simple, consisting merely of depressing the clutch pedal and pressing down on the switch button marked with the gear ratio desired. The system is not complicated, the gears being controlled by solenoid coils, one being used for each forward speed and one for reverse. Two switches are utilized between the battery and