corps, which is the least esteemed, though the most numerous, is also Chinese; it is stated to amount to five hundred thousand men; who are, however, dispersed in garrisons in the interior of the empire. If we add to these one hundred and twenty-five thousand Chinese militia, the whole Chinese army will make seven hundred and forty thousand men, of whom one hundred and seventy-five thousand are cavalry. There is besides a Mongol cavalry, which, with respect to its organization and the nature of its service, may be compared to the Russian troops from the Don and the Ural. Its amount is not accurately known, but is stated by some at five hundred thousand men.

All the Chinese soldiers are married; and their children, who are entered in the lists of the army from their very birth, recruit the corps to which they belong. Besides arms, a horse, a house, and a quantity of rice, each soldier of the first, second, and third corps, receives a monthly pay of three to four lanes (six to eight silver rubles), but must provide himself with clothing, whence there is a most laughable variety and irregularity in the uniforms. The troops of the fourth corps are furnished by the government with lands, which they must cultivate for their subsistence. There is no army so easily recruited as the Chinese. Crowds flock to the standards to find a refuge from want and misery. Notwithstanding the immense sums which the maintenance of this force costs, and which is said to amount to eighty-seven millions four hundred thousand lanes, the spirit and discipline of the troops are at a very low ebb so that the late emperor, Kia-King, issued in the year 1800, a proclama. tion, in which, after reminding the Mantchous of the heroic deeds done by them in former times, he reproaches them with having become more unskilled in the military art, and more feeble than the Chinese themselves, so many thousands of whom were overcome by a handful of their

ancestors.

RUSSIAN LONGEVITY.

The last annual obituary of the Russian empire contains a record of the death of a man at the very advanced age of 168, near to Tollosk on the frontiers of Livonia. He had seen seven sovereigns on the throne of Russia, and remembered the death of Gustavus Adolphus. He had been a soldier in the 30 years war; at the battle of Pultowa in 1709, he was 51 years of age. At the age of 93 he married his third wife, with whom he lived 50 years: the two youngest sons of this marriage were 86 and 62 respectively in the year 1796;* the oldest of his other sons in the same year, were 95 and 93 respectively. The entire family of this patriarch comprises 138 descendants, who all lived together in the village of Pallotzka, which the Empress Catharine the Second caused to be built for them, granting them at the same time a considerable tract of land for their support. In the 163 year of his age, he was in the enjoyment of the most robust health.

This account is published as a fraud in the New Monthly. As this man was married at 93 which will fall in the year 1751, we could hardly in the year 1776 have sons 86 and 62 years old by the same marriage. This is either an oversight or a clumsy part of a fabrication.

ORIENTAL MANUSCRIPTS.

THE emperor of Russia has lately purchased from M. Rousseau, French Consul General and Charge d' Affaires at Tripoli, for fifteen thousand francs, a collection of two hundred Arabic, Persian, and Turkish manuscripts. Among them are some which will supply deficiencies in the most interesting periods of modern history. There is the History of the Arabs in Spain, by Ahmed Almagavi; the Bash Yainani, or History of the Conquest of Arabia Felix by the Ottomans; an Arabic translation of the History of the Jews; and a History of the Sultan Noureddin. The emperor has thus made a valuable acquisition for the Asiatic Museum of St Petersburg.

MANUFACTURES IN EGYPT.

Hitherto the manufacture of cotton has promised but little in Egypt The viceroy is the only person who interests himself in the introduction of this manufacture. The climate is a great obstacle; for, in consequence of the heat, the thread breaks, the wood of the machines splits, and the dust impedes the working of the wheels. The manufactory of woollen cloth at Bourlak is already declining. The saltpetre manufactory has been established by an Italian of the name of Basi; it annually supplies the Viceroy with 3000 cwt. of saltpetre, for which he pays 250,000 francs. The evaporation is performed in the sun, in 48 basins. It costs the government only 15 piastres per quintal, whereas the old method of evaporation, by means of fire, cost 30 piastres. A colony of Syrians has been settled at Zabazik, to cultivate silk; a million of mulberry trees has been planted, but the quantity of silk produced is not considerable.

VARIETIES.

Percival's Phi Beta Kappa Poem.-We are happy to learn, that this Poem, consisting of more than a thousand lines, has been put to press by Messrs Richardson & Lord, and that it will be published in a few days.

Lafayette.-The Itinerary of General Lafayette's Travels in America, in four volumes, is publishing in Paris, where three of the volumes have run through several editions. It is probable that M. Levasseur will publish, under the revision of the General, an extensive History of the Year's Residence of the Guest in the United States, with official documents.

Sunday Journals.-More than fifty thousand newspapers,-a very large number of which are purchased and read by the labouring classes,-are distributed every Sunday morning over a circle of forty miles diameter, of which London forms the centre.

The Pilot, a Tale of the Sea.-Mr Cooper's novel of this name has been brought out at the Adelphi theatre in the form of a nautical melodramatic burletta, of the same title. The Morning Herald says, the melo dramatist has taken pretty considerably large liberties with the characters of the novelist; and has contrived to exalt old England and its navy at the expense of Brother Jonathan most unceremoniously. He has made all the Americans sneaking paltroons, with the phraseology of Mr Jonathan W. Doubikins," whilst the meanest Englishman in the piece is a thundering Yankee-despising hero; overflowing at every

turn with gasconades about his own immaculate honour, and the unquestionable invincibility of the British navy.

The Last of the Mohicans, a Tale of 1757.—We announced this work, by Mr Cooper, as in press, some months since; it is, we learn, to appear in a few days. We see no good reason for changing the orthography of the substantial old Indian name, "Mohegan.”

William Cobbett.-The following description of the efforts of this sturdy, and somewhat crazy radical, is from "Babylon the Great," which we have noticed in another part of our work: "Cobbett was not like a trained warrior of any sort, either with artificial or with natural weapons; he resembled a peasant of uncommon strength, half out of his temper and half out of his wits, armed with a gigantic flail, with which he so laid about him in all directions, that nobody cared for coming within the wind of it. Even when he was most vigorous at this exercise, he himself used to suffer as much by it, as any thing upon which he was threshing; for the flail was swung with so much clumsiness and vehemence, that it was continually coming rap upon his own head, with such substantial bangs, that if the head itself had not happened to be cudgelproof, it would certainly have been fractured.”

The New Monthly and its Editor —“Campbell is, perhaps, the only man now living in England, to whom the very summit of Parnassus bas ever been unfolded; in his former writings, there is a loftiness of sentiment and a purity of heart, a glow of tenderness, and a glory of colouring, that seldom indeed have been equalled; and if the endurance of his powers had been in any way commensurate to their value, Campbell would have been the poetic boast of his age, as well for the number as for the value of his productions.

"And Campbell is Editor of the New Monthly Magazine!'—a combination, which, in the cars of those not wise, soundeth well; but which in reality is about as incongruous as though Apollo himself had been articled to a tallow-chandler, and bound by his indenture to leave off his own shining, in order to further the sale of farthing rusb-lights." Babylon the Great.

The Mail-The whole number of free letters despatched from the post-office at Washington, during the week ending on the 13th of December, was thirty-three thousand eight hundred and twelve!

New Method of Colouring Engravings.-M. Antonie Rothmüller, the keeper of the Prince of Esterhazy's Gallery of Pictures at Vienna, has invented a new method of colouring in oil engravings and lithographic prints, to which he has given the name of Eleochalcography. The result of his invention is to give to prints the appearance of having been executed by a painter with the greatest care.

Quarterly List of New Publications.-There have been published in the six last numbers of this Gazette, the titles of two hundred and thirtythree volumes, which have issued from the American press in three months. Of this number, one hundred and thirty-seven are original, and ninety-six have been reprinted from foreign editions of the same works. The periodical publications have increased to such an extent that we have not during this quarter, and shall not for the future, attempt to announce each number of each work as it appears, but shall give notices of new ones, and occasionally a full catalogue of the old ones, as we have time to prepare, and room to insert them.

NEW PUBLICATIONS.

ARTS AND SCIENCES.

The Report of the Second Annual Exhibition of the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts. 8vo. Price 25 cents. Philadelphia.

EDUCATION.

A Classical French Reader, selected from the best writers of that language, in Prose and Poetry; preceded by an Introduction, designed to facilitate the Study of the Rudiments of the French, and attended with Notes and Explanations of Idioms, etc. throughout the work. Compiled for the use of the Round Hill School. By N. M. Hentz. Part I. containing Pieces in Prose; Part II. Pieces in Poetry. 12mo, pp. 264. Boston. Richardson & Lord.

The compiler of this volume is a gentleman of good taste, and an accomplished French scholar; and his experience as a teacher of the French language has enabled him to offer the public a series of reading lessons, which must prove highly acceptable to all engaged in teaching or learning the same language.

The Literary and Scientific Class-Book, embracing the Leading Facts and Principles of Science. Illustrated by Engravings, with many difficult Words explained at the Heads of the Lessons, and Questions annexed for Examination; designed as Exercises for the Reading and Study of the higher Classes in common Schools. Selected from the Rev. John Platt's Literary and Scientific Class-Book, and from various other sources, and adapted to the Wants and Condition of Youth in the United States. By Levi W. Leonard. Stereotyped by T. H. Carter & Co. Boston. 12mo. pp. 318. Keene, N. H. John Prentiss.

This book contains a fund of knowledge, particularly in the natural and physical sciences, which we have never seen condensed within so small a compass. The selections have been made with great discrimination, and from the best authorities; the original lessons are written in a terse style; and the materials thus made up are compiled and arranged with good taste and sound judgment. We are inclined to think, however, that parts of the work will be found above the comprehension of all except the very highest class of scholars in the schools, and even for them it will be found more useful as a text book to be studied and recited from, than as mere reading lessons.

The New Testament of our Lord and Saviour, &c., from which is selected an extensive Vocabulary, comprising the Proper Names, and all other important Words that occur therein, &c. To which is prefixed, Walker's Explanatory Key, governing the Vocabulary. Embellished with Engravings of Sacred Characters. By Jeremiah Goodrich. Price 50 cents. Albany. S. Shaw.

C. Crispi Sallustii Opera, omissis Fragmentis, omnia; ad optimorum exemplarium fidem recensita. Animadversionibus illustravit P. Wilson, LL. D. Litt. Græc. et Lat. etc. in Collegio Columbiano Neo-Eboracensi nuper Professor. Editio Quarta. Recensuit notasque suas adspersit Carolus Anthon, in eodem Collegio Litt. Græc. et Lat. Prof. Adj. 8vo. pp. 234, New York. G. & C. Carvill.

GEOGRAPHY.

Elements of Geography, exhibited Historically, from the Creation to the End of the World; on a New Plan, adapted to Children in Schools and private Families. Illustrated by four Plates. By Jedidiah Morse, D. D. The Sixth Edition, revised and corrected. 18mo. New Haven. H. Howe.

HISTORY.

Pp. 162.

A Historical Sketch of the Formation of the Confederacy, particularly with Reference to the Provincial Limits and the Jurisdiction of the General Government over Indian Tribes and the Public Territory. By Joseph Blunt. 8vo pp. 116. New York. G. & C. Carvill.

We have hastily turned over the leaves of this volume, and perceive that it evinces thorough research, and is drawn up with great ability. We shall improve some future opportunity to do justice to its merits.

LAW.

Reports of Cases Argued and Ruled at Nisi Prius, in the Courts of King's Bench and Common Pleas, from Hilary Term, 46 George III. 1806, to Trinity Term, 47 George III. 1807, both inclusive. By Isaac Espinasse, of Gray's Inn, Esquire, Barrister at Law. Vol. VI. 8vo. New York. E. B. Gould.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Importance of Spiritual Knowledge: a Sermon, delivered before the Society for Propagating the Gospel among the Indians and Others in North America, in the First Church, Boston, November 3, 1825. By John Codman, D. D Pastor of the Second Church in Dorchester. With the Report of the Select Committee. 8vo. pp. 44. Cambridge. Hilliard & Metcalf.

The Worcester Magazine and Historical Journal. Designed to contain Articles Original and Selected. Nos. II. III. and IV. Worcester. 1825.

An Oration, delivered at Providence, September 6, 1825, before the United Brothers Society of Brown University. By Horace Mann. 8vo. pp. 30. Providence. Barnum Field & Co.

Le Souvenir, a Picturesque Pocket Diary, for 1826. Embellished with numerous Elegant Engravings. Philadelphia. A. R. Poole. The Atlantic Souvenir; a Christmas and New Year's Offering. 1826. 18mo. pp. 353. Philadelphia. Carey & Lea.

A Letter to Robert Owen, of New Lanark, Author of two Discourses on a New System of Society. By A Son of the Mist. Philadelphia.

The Tour of General Lafayette, through the United States, from his Departure from France until his Departure from America, in 1825. With a Sketch of his Life. Dedicated to the Patriot Bolivar. By Gilbert J. Hunt, Author of the History of the Late War. Written in the Scriptural Style. New York.

NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.

Observations on Electricity, Looming, and Sounds; together with a Theory of Thunder Showers, and of West and Northwest Winds. Te