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rant of by "simple mistake," is the very principle, on which the argument rests; an argument of which Mr Ticknor has wholly mistaken the drift. The charter establishes two things; one, that the College is at Cambridge, the other, that the Corporation of seven persons is the College; consequently this Corporation must be at Cambridge. Now the law regards a corporation, as such, to be immaterial, incapable alike of residence and non-residence; and it no more permits a corporation not to reside than it enjoins it to reside. What then follows, and how is the charter to be fulfilled, which fixes the College at Cambridge, and declares the Corporation of seven persons to be this College at Cambridge? Of course, these Corporators must be at Cambridge; and expressly to meet such a requisition, the law, in its wisdom, provides that though corporations have not, corporators may have, a place of commorancy; and this is precisely, what the Memorial contends for, that the Fellows, that is, the Corporators, were held to reside. Of the residence of the Corporation, not a word is said in the Memorial. The case of the Charter of Dartmouth College, which Mr Ticknor quotes as "singularly in point," fails in the very point of supposed resemblance. That Charter provides only that the Corporation shall be in the College, and usage allows us to speak of a Board as existing in an institution, without reference to locality. In other words, the particle in by no means exclusively imports material or local presence in. The Medical School in Harvard College is in Boston. But if it were enacted that the Medical School at Boston should be the College at Cambridge, it would be a great absurdity; for it could not be at one and the same time, the School in Boston and the College in Cambridge. It is certainly competent to a legislative body, by some form of words or other, to enact that the members of any given corporation shall reside in any given place. The question is, whether this is done, by enacting that they shall be a society in such a place. When "the College" is spoken of as a body of persons, the word society might of course be substituted. Let us substitute it, in the charter, and read, "The literary society at Cambridge shall be a corporation of seven persons." Can any words more simply prescribe that these seven persons shall be at Cambridge? Can they be the literary society there, if they are not there?

[To be continued.]

MISCELLANY.

JOURNAL OF A TOUR IN THE INTERIOR OF SOUTH CAROLINA.

[CONCLUDED.]

LEAVING Orangeburg on the 19th, we arrived at Columbia, the seat of government of the state, the same day. The situation of this place is most delightful, being an elevated spot commanding a beautiful prospect of the surrounding country. I was informed by a gentleman in Orangeburg, that on a very clear day it could be seen from the road at the distance of seventeen miles; however, the atmosphere being hazy, we did not discern it. The road we travelled over this day was alternately hill and dale, and notwithstanding the great quantity of rain which had fallen, was in excellent order. This is called the middle country. It presents a pleasant appearance and the inhabitants do not look pale and sickly like those of the low country. The next day it was our intention to examine the town, but we were prevented by the rain from having more than a cursory view of the College, the Asylum for the deaf and dumb, and the water-works. We left Columbia the next day and proceeded a few miles into Newberry a little above the Dutch Fork. A country friend related the following anecdote, which occurred at the last mentioned place, and as it may tend to illustrate the cautious character of the Dutch, or rather the descendants of them, I will give it to you. A very honest man whose personal appearance was not much in his favour, having business of importance to transact in Spartanburg, was making the best of his way thither through this section of the country. A water course lay in his way so much swollen by the rain as to render crossing extremely dangerous. The cautious Dutch advised him not to attempt crossing, until the waters had run down, at the same time pointing out the disastrous consequences which would ensue if he did. Their arguments, however, had no effect; he was determined to make the attempt, and accordingly in a foolhardy manner drove his horse in, and upon reaching the swimming point, the rapidity of the current verified the predictions of his sage advisers, by sweeping down the horse and wagon; the wheels of which became entangled among some sunken logs, where he must have been drowned, but for the timely aid rendered by his phlegmatic friends. To stare danger thus in the face, could only, in their opinion, be the act of a criminal flying from justice, for were he an honest man, he would have waited for the receding of the waters. Their zeal for the support of the laws induced them to search him, and the sum of seventy

dollars was found concealed in the lining of his hat; this confirmed them in their suspicions, and it was agreed by all, that he should be carried before the justice for further examination, which was accordingly done. Mynheer Q. U. after gravely weighing all the circumstances, came to the same learned conclusion as the others, and forthwith committed him to jail; he was however released from this awkward proedicament, by the interference of one or two gentleman of the bar, who stated to those who had committed him, the consequences of violating the rights of a private citizen.

On the 21st we visited an old friend, Mr I. of Lawrens, with whom we spent several days, which we passed very pleasantly, in endeavouring to learn the character of the people. Each district of the upper country has several local divisions, which they denominate "settlements," among the members of which there exists a kind of mutual friendship. One neighbour allows the other to make use of his oxen, implements of husbandry, &c. without thinking, that he has dispensed an obligation, whilst the other receives them as if they were his own. Corn, bacon, and flour, are lent in the same manner, to be returned when convenient for the borrower. Mr I. who settled at this place some years ago, was requested soon after his arrival, to lend his cross-cut saw, this he refused to do unless he received a proper compensation, which of course was not given. Some time after, having occasion to grind an axe, he sent to the very man to whom he had refused the use of his saw. The man not yet having forgotten the affair of the saw, returned for an answer that he could not unless paid. This had the desired effect; Mr I. was ever after a very obliging neighbour.

Part

On sunday I rode to church in company with several ladies and gentleman on horse back, for the ladies as well as the gentlemen are very expert equestrians. To me it was a novel spectacle, to behold two or three hundred horses, as I suppose, tied to the swinging limbs of the trees around the meeting. of the congregation having entered the church, it was found too small to contain the whole, and it was thought most expedient to withdraw to the woods. This arrangement was accordingly made, the benches being removed and placed in order before the preacher's desk, which was nothing more than a piece of rough oaken board, the ends being inserted into two trees. The ladies occupied the seats nearest the stand, the men the next, and, lastly, the negroes accommodated themselves with logs or the roots of trees, while some stretched themselves on the ground, leaning on their elbows. Service commenced a few minutes before twelve and ended at four, during which time two sermons were preached. At the end of the first the congregation was dismissed for a few minutes. The celebration of the Lord's Supper succeeded the second,

the whole ceremony being conducted in a solemn and impressive manner. The table was a long, wide board covered with a white cloth, at each side of which as many of the communicants as could conveniently sit, took their places; when these had gone through with the ceremony, others did the same, and so on till all had partaken.

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I have picked up a few of the local expressions which abound there, and will set them down for your amusement, as you are probably unacquainted with many of them. The answer to almost every question is prefaced with the word well; as, Well, I don't know." Reckon is used exactly as guess, except now and then to signify assent, when it signifies yes. Prime when used as the adjective means best, excellent, superior; as, "This is a prime horse;" it is also used as an adverb; as, "This apple tastes prime;" "I feel prime," meaning I feel well. Mighty is used in the superlative degree, and without any reference to power or greatness; as, "This water is mighty little deeper than that ;" here the speaker evidently means very; "Your saddle is a mighty bad one; so that mighty means very, and nothing like power or greatness. Right smart chance signifies a large quantity; as, "Here is a right smart chance of cabbages," meaning a great many. All kinds of stones, and even pebbles, are called rocks. Toat is used for the word carry; and the word there is frequently inserted after them; the following question put to me by a countryman, while I was engaged in selecting some minerals, will illustrate the three last examples :-" Are you going to toat them there rocks to town, in your saddle bags." Out is placed before many of their words, and is used thus ; "She can outspell any other," meaning that she could spell better. Any how and no how mean at all; as, My horse won't plough any how," "I won't go no how." Allow always means suppose, as, "I allowed you had eggs for dinner." Heap signifies much; as, "Squirrels are a heap better than chickens." Thus you have a fair specimen of the provincial expressions used by the common people.

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After leaving Mr I.'s we pursued our journey with an intention of reaching the mountains, but were prevented by my friend's horse getting lame when on the road to Greenville a few miles above Lawrens village. Under these circumstances it was deemed proper to return. Arriving the next day at Mr I.'s the lame horse was attended to with such skill as to enable us to pursue our route down the country. On getting comfortably housed in an excellent tavern in Newberry, we escaped being exposed to the merciless pelting of a hail storm, which occurred directly after. Leaving Newberry, we crossed Water's ferry and took the road through Lexington, stopping at a convenient stage. While standing at the door of this inn I observed a young man passing with a rifle

on his shoulder, on the end of which hung a handkerchief filled with provisions; and glad to have something to pass the time, I engaged him in conversation by asking him his business. He said he was going to attend a petty muster eleven miles off, and sixteen from his own residence; and as the parade would not take place before to-morrow he intended to go a part of the way that night, encamp in the woods, rise early, and finish his walk the next morning. The very thought of walking sixteen miles, and that, too, to attend a petty muster, would be enough to shake the resolution of our city young men. The day following I recollect passing a fire, near which I have no doubt this hardy son of the forest slept, as it is a general custom to make one on such occasions. The country through which we passed to-day is one of the most dreary I ever beheld; it appeared to be nothing but one immense pine-barren, extending for thirty or forty miles, with perhaps not even a dozen habitations in sight from the road. We again reached Orangeburg passing Bull and Caw-caw swamps, both of which terrified me exceedingly; however, I succeeded in passing them both, sustaining no other injury than that of filling my boots with water, notwithstanding I kept my heels at the greatest possible elevation. A poor wagoner was in a much worse condition, having his wagon "stalled," and himself and team in more than three feet of water; and by the violent attempts he made to extricate himself, seemed likely to remain so, until he could obtain other assistance. From Orangeburg I determined to make the best of my way to town, by taking the river road, to avoid a repetition of the Walnut Creek adventure. I reached Charleston the next day, my health improved, and my curiosity pretty well satisfied.

THE PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL ECONOMY.

VII. INTEREST.

THE rate of interest is regulated by the demand there is for money; and the demand in a great measure depends upon the profit on the employment of capital.

The demand for money, however, is occasionally augmented by the want of it for the payment of debts, and the supply of consumption, whereby the rate of interest is for a time enhanced.

In proportion as the general circulating capital, of which money is a component part, increases, the profit on the employment of it diminishes; and as the profit on the employment of capital diminishes, the rate of interest diminishes. Therefore the perma

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