CHAPTER I.

Old Whaling Captains-Our Schooner-Sealers—Ice Dangers-

Our Crew-Ralph the Rover—The Shetlands-Scalloway
Castle-Lerwick-Hard Times—Hialtlandia-Over-Greedi-

ness-Fin Whales—Right Whales-Whales' Food-Adven-

tures with Whales . . . . . . . . .

CHAPTER II.

Troubles in the Ice-Sea Birds—Wanderings on Shore-Objects

of the Sea-shore-Extinct Craters-Fox Hunting-Aspect of
the Icy Sea-First Experiences—In the Ice-Seal Shooting-
Shoals of Seals-Seals and their Habits-Collecting Seal Oil
-A Long Jump-Fog Gathering-Dodges to get within
Range--Disappointment-Seal Battue-Danger Averted ,

CHAPTER III.

Peterhead Steamers—Fleet of Sealers-Narwhal—We “Lie on

Bran”-A Fall ! A Fall !-Monodon Monoceros-Arctic Black

Hole of Calcutta—Drifting Ice—Pursuit of Narwhal-A Sad

Picture-Seals out of Water . . . . . . . 127

127

CHAPTER IV.

PAGE

Only a Fly-Summer Beverages—Whale Adventure - Death of

the Whale--Flencing the Whale-Wasted Ice—The Dreamer

-Cunning of the Bear-Enthusiastic Nimrods-Dead Whale

-The Farmer- Bear Outwitted-Awkward Complication-

Deep Sea Soundings . . . . . . . . 151

CHAPTER V.

Miller-Casella Thermometer--Southerly Drift of Ice-Various

Observations—Temperature Table-Diary Extracts -Star-

Fish-End of Observations. . . . . . .

180

CHAPTER VI.

Spitzbergen - The Gateway to the Polynia— Moffen Island -

Walrus—Sea Devils—Moffen Island, New Dangers—Forma-

tion of Ice Floes . . . . . . . . . 194

CHAPTER VII.

Difficulties in Narrow Waters—The Wounded Sea Bird-Nature

most Desolate—Deer Stalking–The Drive . . . . 211

CHAPTER VIII.

Russian Memorials,Long Years of Waiting-Landing in Pursuit

of Game-White Whale-Netting Large Game . . .223

CHAPTER IX.

A Short Cut-A Dangerous Descent-A Signal not Understood

Reindeer-Game less Abundant-A Day's Outing-On the

Mountain Side-A Scramble-A Push and a Pinch-A Love

Letter . . . . . . . . . . . 234

CHAPTER X.

PAGE

Foreign Sailors-Old Stagers—The Snow Goose-A Remote Guano

Bed—Geological Rambles . . . . . . . 255

CHAPTER XI.

Barentsz's Voyage-Nova Zembla, Russians and Hollanders—

Linschoten-Gerard le Ver—The Waigatz-Adventure with a
Bear—Barentsz and Rijp-Beeren Island—Commencement of
Winter-Sun Disappears—Effects of Refraction Scientific
Observations-Death of Barentsz–Barentsz's Relics . .

266

CHAPTER XII.

Professor Nordenskiold-Boats for the Journey—Method of Travel-

ling-Parry's Journal-Latitude 81° 31' 41" N.-Meteoro-

logical Observations—Stout-built Boats—Thickness of the Ice

- Formation of Ice-Long Time getting to 83o—If they had

a Steamer-New Appliances—Dogs not Approved of—Shall

we go North ?–Our Schooner-Whitby Lights-Old Customs

Preserved -Scientific Inquiry in the North-Spitzbergen

Route-Navigation comparatively Easy-Smith Sound Advo-

cates — The Lydiana — New Land Reconnoitred - Iceberg

System . . . . . . . . . . . 301

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