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At places marked the time noted is in the morning of the FOLLOWING day. (a) EASTERN" includes: New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washington, Richmond, Norfolk, Charleston, Buffalo, Pittsburgh, Montreal, Quebec, Ottawa, Toronto, etc.

(b) CENTRAL" includes: Chicago, St. Louis, Minneapolis, St. Paul, Milwaukee, Kansas City, Omaha, Indianapolis, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Detroit, New Orleans, Memphis, Savannah, Pensacola, Winnipeg, etc.

(c) "MOUNTAIN" includes: Denver, Leadville, Golorado Springs, Helena, Regina, (N. W. T.), etc.
(d) "PACIFIC" includes. San Francisco, Portland (Oregon), Victoria, Vancouver, Tacoma, Seattle, etc.

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The weight of a cubic foot of distilled water at a temperature of 600 F. is 1,000 ounces Avoirdupois, very nearly, therefore the weight (in ounces, Avoirdupois) of a cubic foot of any of the substances in the above table is found by multiplying the specific gravities by 10, thus:-one cubic foot of oak weighs 1,170 ounces; one cubic foot of marble 2,700 ounces, and so on. *Compared with water.

Freezing, Fusing, and Boiling Points.

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JANUARY 1. NEW YEAR'S DAY: In all the States (including the District of Columbia, Arizona, and New Mexico), except Massachusetts, Mississippi, and New Hampshire.

JANUARY 8. ANNIVERSARY OF THE BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS: In Louisiana.

OLD DEFENDERS' DAY":

JANUARY 19. LEE'S BIRTHDAY: In Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Vir-iana, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, ginia, Alabama, and Arkansas.

FEBRUARY 12. LINCOLN'S BIRTHDAY: In Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, N.Dakota, Pennsylvania, Washington, and Wyoming.

FEBRUARY 22. WASHINGTON'S BIRTHDAY: In all the States, District of Columbia, Arizona, and Oklahoma, except Mississippi, where it is observed by exercises in the public schools. FEBRUARY 12,1907, MARDI-GRAS: In Alabama and the parish of Orleans, Louisiana.

MARCH 2. ANNIVERSARY OF TEXAN INDEPENDENCE: In Texas.

MARCH 29, 1907. GOOD FRIDAY: In Alabama, Delaware. Florida, Louisiana, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Tennessee. APRIL 19. APRIL 21.

PATRIOTS' DAY: In Massachusetts. ANNIVERSARY OF THE BATTLE OF SAN JACINTO : In Texas.

APRIL 26. CONFEDERATE MEMORIAL DAY: In Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and Mississippi.

APRIL. In Oregon, the forty-fifth day preceding general State Election, primary nominating election held. Every day on which an election is he'd throughout the State is a legal holiday. MAY 10. CONFEDERATE MEMORIAL DAY: In North Carolina and South Carolina.

MAY (Second Friday). CONFEDERATE DAY: In Tennessee.

MAY 20. ANNIVERSARY OF THE SIGNING OF THE MECKLENBURG DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE: In North Carolina.

MAY (last Friday) PIONEER DAY: In Montana, observed in public schools.

MAY 30 DECORATION DAY: In all the States and Territories (and District of Columbia), except Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas. In Virginia, known as Confederate Memorial Day."

JUNE 3. JEFFERSON DAVIS' BIRTHDAY: In Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Texas, and South Carolina. In Louisiana, known as Confederate Memorial Day.' In Virginia, in public schools.

JUNE (first Monday), even years, general State election in Oregon.

JULY 4. INDEPENDENCE DAY: In all the States, District of Columbia, and Territories.

JULY 24. PIONEERS' DAY: In Utah. AUGUST 16. BENNINGTON BATTLE DAY: In Vermont. SEPTEMBER 2, 1907. LABOR DAY: In all the States and Territories (and District of Columbia), except Nevada, North Dakota. In Louisiana, observed in Orleans Parish. In Wyoming by proclamation of the Governor.

SEPTEMBER 9, ADMISSION DAY: In California.

SEPTEMBER 12. In Baltimore, Md. OCTOBER 31. ADMISSION DAY: In Nevada. NOVEMBER 1. ALL SAINTS' DAY: In Louisiana, NOVEMBER GENERAL ELECTION DAY: In Arizona, Califo rnia, Colorado, Delaware, Florida, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, LouisMontana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio(from 5.30 A. M. to 9 A. M. only), Oklahoma, Oregon (vote for Presidential elections only), Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, West Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming, in the years when elections are held therein. In 1907 in States holding such elections the date is November 5.

NOVEMBER -1907. THANKSGIVING DAY (usually the fourth Thursday in November): Is observed in all the States, and in the District of Columbia, Arizona, and. New Mexico, though in some States it is not a statutory holiday.

DECEMBER 25. CHRISTMAS DAY: In all the States, District of Columbia, and Territories. Sundays and Fast Days are legal holidays in all the States which designate them as such.

There are no statutory holidays in Mississippi, but by common consent the Fourth of July, Thanksgiving,and Christmas are observed. In New Mexico, Washing ton's Birthday, Decoration Day, Labor Day, Flag Day (June 14), and Arbor Day are holidays when so designated by the Governor. In South Carolina, Thursday of Fair Week is a legal holiday.

ARBOR DAY is a legal holiday in Arizona, Maine, Maryland, New Mexico, Wisconsin, and Wyoming, the day being set by the Governor in Texas, February 22; Nebraska, April 22; Utah, April 15; Rhode Island, second Friday in May; Montana, second Tuesd ay in May; Georgia, first Friday in December; Colorado (school holiday only), third Friday in April: in Oklahoma, the Friday following the second Monday in March; in Arkansas, first Saturday in March.

Every Saturday after 12 o'clock noon is a legal holiday in Illinois (in cities of 200,000 or more inhabitants), Maryland, Michigan, New York, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, the District of Columbia (for banking purposes), and in New Orleans, La., and Charles ton, S. C.; in Louisiana and Missouri in cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants; in Tennessee, for State and county officers, and in Colorado during June, July, and August.

There is no national holiday, not even the Fourth of July. Congress has at various times appointed special holidays. In the second session of the Fifty-third Congress it passed an act making Labor Day a public holiday in the District of Columbia, and it has recognized the existence of. certain days as holidays for commercial purposes, but, with the exception named, there is no general statute on the subject. The proclamation of the President designating a day of Thanksgiving only makes it a legal holiday in the District of Columbia and the Territories.

Old English Holidays.

THESE holidays, with their names, had their origin in mediæval England when the State religion was that of the Church of Rome, and they are still observed generally or in some parts of Britain. JANUARY 6. TWELFTH DAY, or Twelfth-tide, sometimes called Old Christmas Day, the same as Epiphany. The previous evening is Twelfth Night, with which many social rites have long been connected.

FEBRUARY 2. CANDLEMAS: Festival of the Purification of the Virgin. Consecration of the lighted candles to be used in the church during the year,

FEBRUARY 14. OLD CANDLEMAS: St. Valentine's Day. MARCH 25. LADY DAY: Annunciation of the Virgin. April 6 is old Lady Day.

JUNE 24. MIDSUMMER DAY: Feast of the Nativity of John the Baptist. July 7 is old Midsummer Day.

JULY 15. ST. SWITHIN'S DAY. There was an old superstition that if rain fell on this day it would continue forty days. AUGUST 1. LAMMAS DAY: Originally in England the festival of the wheat harvest. In the Church the festival of St. Peter's miraculous deliverance from prison. Old Lammas Day is August 13.

SEPTEMBER 29. MICHAELMAS: Feast of St. Michael, the Archangel. Old Michaelinas is October 11.

NOVEMBER 1. ALL-HALLOWMAS: All-hallows, or All Saints' Day. The previous evening is All-hallow-e'en, observed by home gatherings and old-time festive rites.

NOVEMBER 2. ALL SOULS' DAY: Day of prayer for the souls of the dead.

NOVEMBER 11. MARTINMAS: Feast of St. Martin. Old Martin mas is November 23.

DECEMBER 28. CHILDERMAS: Holy Innocents' Day. Lady Day, Midsummer Day, Michaelmas, and Christmas are quarter (rent) days in England, and Whitsunday, Martinmas, Candlemas, and Lammas Day in Scotland.

Shrove Tuesday, the day before Ash Wednesday, and Maundy Thursday, the day before Good Friday, are observed by the Church. Mothering Sunday is Mid-Lent Sunday, in which the old rural custom obtains of visiting one's parents and making them presents.

B. C.

1183 Fall of Troy.

1082 Era of the Great Pyramid. 878 Carthage founded.

776 Olympic Era began. 753 Foundation of Rome.

Table of Memorable Dates.

588 Jerusalem taken by Nebuchadnezzar. 536 Restoration of the Jews under Cyrus. 509 Expulsion of Tarquins from Rome. 480 Xerxes defeated Greeks at Thermopylæ.

55 Cæsar conquered Britain. 4 Birth of Jesus Christ.

A. D.

29 The Crucifixion.

Oct. 14.

A. D.

(A. D.
1679 Habeas Corpus Act passed in Eng- 1835 Morse invented the telegraph.
land.
1835 Seminole War in Florida began.
1682 Pennsylvania settled by William 1837 Accession of Queen Victoria, June 20
Penn.
1845 Texas annexed.

1685 Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, 1846 Sewing machine completed by Elias

Oct. 22.

1688 James II. abdicated, Dec. 11.
1690 Battle of the Boyne, July 1.
1690 First newspaper in America;
Boston.

Howe.

1846 The Irish Potato Famine.

1846 British Corn laws repealed, June 26. at 1846 War with Mexico began.

1704 Gibraltar was taken by the English.
1713 Peace of Utrecht, April 11.

1848 French Revolution. Republic succeeded.

1848 Gold discovered in California, Sept. 1714 Accession of House of Hanover, Aug.1 1851 Gold discovered in Australia, Feb. 12 1715 First Jacobite Rebellion in Great 1851 First International Exhibit'n, London Britain. 1852 Louis Napoleon became Emperor. 1720 South Sea Bubble. 1853 Crimean War began.

Britain.

70 Jerusalem was destroyed by Titus. 313 Constantine converted toChristianity 410 The Romans abandoned Britain. 1745 Battle of Fontenoy, April 30. 827 Egbert, first king of all England, 1745 Second Jacobite Rebellion in Great 1066 Battle of Hastings, Norman Conquest 1756 Black Hole Suffocation in Calcutta. 1096 The Crusades began. 1757 Clive won Battle of Plassey in India. 1172 Ireland was conquered by Henry II. 1759 Canada was taken from the French. 1215 King John granted Magna Charta, 1765 Stamp Act enacted.

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1265 First Representative Parliament in 1773 Tea destroyed in Boston Harbor, England.

Dec. 16.

1854 Japan opened by Commodore Perry. 1857 The Great Mutiny in India.

1857 The Dred Scott decision.

1857 First Atlantic cable message, Aug. 4.
1859 John Brown's raid into Virginia.
1860 South Carolina seceded, Dec. 20.
1861 Emancipation of the Russian serfs.
1863 Lincoln's Emancipation Proclama-
tion, Jan. 1.

1863 Battle of Gettysburg, July 1-3.
1865 Lee surrendered at Appomattox,
April 9.
Lincoln assassinated,
April 14.
186C Battle of Sadowa.

1775 Battle of Lexington, April 19.
1775 Battle of Bunker Hill, June 17.
1776 Declaration of Independence, July 4. 1865 President
Burgoyne's surrender, Oct. 17.
Capt. Cook was killed, Feb. 14.
Cornwallis' surrender at Yorktown,
Oct. 19.

1777

Prussia beat

Austria.
1867 Emperor Maximilian of Mexico ex-
ecuted.

First settlement in Australia, Jan. 26.
The French Revolution began July 14 1867 The Dominion of Canada established
Washington first inaug'ted President 1870 Franco-German War began, July 19.
Cotton-gin invented by Whitney. 1870 Capitulation of French at Sedan,
Louis XVI. of France executed, Jan.21 Sept. 1.
Vaccination discovered by Jenner.
The Irish Rebellion.

1870 Rome became the capital of Italy.
1871 The German Empire re-established.
Battle of Seringapatam; death of 1871 The Irish Church was disestablished.
Tippoo.
Bonaparte declared First
Nov. 10.
Union of Great Britain and

1415 Battle of Agincourt, Oct. 25.
1431 Joan of Arc was burnt, May 30.
1453 Constantinople taken by the Turks.
1455 The Wars of the Roses began.
1462 The Bible was first printed at Mentz. 1779
1471 Caxton set up his printing press. 1781
1486 The feuds of York and Lancaster
ended.
1788
1492 Columbus discovered America, Oct.12 1789
1517 The Reformation began in Germany. 1789
1519 Cortez began the conquest of Mexico. 1793
1535 The first English Bible printed. 1793
1539 Monasteries were closed in England. 1796
1558 Accession of Queen Elizabeth, Nov.17 1798
1565 Revolt of the Netherlands began. 1799
1565 St. Augustine, Florida, settled.
1572 The St.Bartholomew Massacre, Aug.24 1799
1588 The Spanish Armada defeated, July.
1600 East India Company first chartered.
1603 Union of England and Scotland.
1605 The Gunpowder Plot in England. 1803 Louisiana purchased from the French 1889
1607 Jamestown, Va., was settled.
1804 Bonaparte became Emperor of France 1893
1609 Hudson River first explored.
1805 Battle of Trafalgar; death of Nelson.
1616 Shakespeare died, April 23.
1807 Fulton's first steamboat voyage.
1618 Thirty Years' War in Germany began. 1812 Second war with Great Britain.
1620 Pilgrims by the Mayflower landed. 1812 The French expedition to Moscow.
1623 Manhattan Island settled.
1813 Perry's victory on Lake Erie, Sept.10.
1634 Maryland settled by Roman Catholics 1814 The printing machine invented.
1636 Rhode Island settled by Roger 1814 Scott's" Waverley" published.
1815 Battle of New Orleans, Jan. 8.
1640 Cromwell's Long Parliament assem-1815 Battle of Waterloo, June 18.
bled.

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1871 The great fire in Chicago, Oct. 8-11. Consul, 1872 The great fire in Boston, Nov. 9. 1876 Centennial Exposit'n at Philadelphia Ireland, 1881 President Garfield shot, July 2. 1889 Brazil became a Republic. Johnstown, Pa., flood, May 31. World's Columbian Exposition at Chicago. 1894 Chinese Japanese War began. 1895 Cuban Revolution began, Feb. 20. 1897 The Turkish-Greek War. 1898 The Spanish-American War. 1899 Universal Peace Conference. 1899 The South African War began. 1900 Boxer Insurrection in China. 1900 The Galveston tornado, Sept. 8. 1901 Death of Queen Victoria. 1901 Assassination of President McKinley 1902 Martinique destroyed by volcanic eruption.

1819 First steamship crossed the Atlantic.
1820 Missouri Compromise adopted.

1653 Oliver Cromwell became Lord Pro- 1823 Monroe Doctrine declared, Dec. 2.

tector.

1660 Restoration of the Stuarts.

1664 New York conquered from the Dutch.
1664 The great plague of London.
1666 The great fire of London began Sept.2.)

1828 First passenger railroad in U. S.
1830 Revolution in France, Orleanist suc-
cession.

1832 South Carolina Nullification Ordi

nance.

1903 Republic of Panama established.
1904 The Russo-Japanese War began.
1906 San Francisco earthquake and con-
flagration.

The French Revolutionary Era.

IN September, 1793, the convention decreed that the common era should be abolished in all civil affairs, and that the new French era should begin on September 22, 1792, the day of the true autumnal equinox, and that each succeeding year should begin at the midnight of the day on which the true autumnal equinox falls. The year was divided into twelve months of thirty days each. In ordinary years there were five extra days, from the 17th to the 21st of our September, and at the end of every fourth year was a sixth complimentary day. This reckoning was first used on November 22, 1793, and was continued until December 31, 1805, when it was discontinued, and the Gregorian calendar, used throughout the rest of Europe, was resumed. The following were the dates for the year 1804, the last complete year of this style of reckoning:

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The months were divided into three decades of ten days each, but to make up the 365 five were added at the end of September: Primidi, dedicated to Virtue; Duodi, to Genius; Tridi, to Labor; Quartidi, to Opinion, and Quintidi, to Rewards. To Leap Year, called Olympic, a sixth day, September 22 or 23, Sextidi, "the day of the Revolution," was added.

To each tenth day, thirty-six in all, were assigned thirty-six "Fetes Decadaires," decreed by the National Convention on the eighteenth Prairial, in honor of the Supreme Being and Nature, the Human Race, the French People, Benefactors of Humanity, Martyrs for Liberty, Liberty and Equality, the Republic, Liberty of the World, Love of Country, Hatred of Tyrants and Traitors, Truth, Justice, Modesty, Glory and Immortality, Friendship, Frugality, Courage, Good Faith, Heroism, Disinterestedness, Stoicism, Love, Conjugal Fidelity, Paternal Love, Maternal Tenderness, Filial Piety, Infancy, Childhood, Manhood, Old Age, Sickness, Agriculture, Industry, Our Ancestors, Our Posterity, Goodness.

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DATES OF HISTORICAL EVENTS CUSTOMARILY OR OCCASIONALLY OBSERVED.

1. Emancipation Proclamation by Lincoln,

1863.

8. Battle of New Orleans, 1815.

Jan.

Jan.

Jan.

17. Franklin born, 1706.

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July 1. Dominion Day in Canada.
July 1-3. Battle of Gettysburg, 1863.

July

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3. Cervera's fleet was destroyed off Santiago, 1898.

4. Declaration of Independence, 1776. 12. Orangemen's Day.

14. The Bastile was destroyed, 1789.

16. Santiago surrendered. 1898.

July 21. Battle of Bull Run, 1861.

Aug. 13. Manila surrendered to the Americans,

1898.

Aug. 16, Battle of Bennington, Vt., 1777.

Sep.

Sep.

1. Capitulation of Sedan, 1870.

6. President McKinley shot at Buffalo,1901. 10. Battle of Lake Erie, Perry's victory, 1813.

11. Battle of Lake Champlain, McDon

ough's victory, 1814.

13. Battle of Chapultepec, 1847.

14. City of Mexico taken by the U.S. troops, 1847.

17. Battle of Antietam, 1862.

Sep. 19-20. Battle of Chickamauga, 1863.

20. Italians occupied Rome, 1870.

Oct. 8-11. Great fire of Chicago, 1871.

March 15. Andrew Jackson born, 1767.

March 18. Grover Cleveland born, 1837.

April 1. Bismarck born, 1815.

Sep.

April 12. Fort Sumter fired on, 1861.

April 9. Lee surrendered at Appomattox, 1865.

Sep.

April 12. Henry Clay born, 1777.

April 13. Thomas Jefferson born, 1743.

Sep.

April 14 Lincoln assassinated, 1865.

Sep.

April 19. Battles of Lexington and Concord, 1775.
April 23. Shakespeare born, 1564.
April 27 Gen. U. S. Grant born, 1822.

April 19. Primrose Day in England, Lord Beaconsfield died, 1881.

Sep.

Sep.

April 30 Washington was inaugurated first President, 1789.

Oct.

Oct.

May 1. Dewey destroyed the Spanish fleet at
Manila, 1898.

Oct.

May 13. First English settlement in America, at
Jamestown, 1607.

Oct.

Νον.

May 13. Society of The Cincinnati organized by officers of Revolutionary Army, 1783.

Nov.

May

18. The Czar of Russia born, 1868.

Nov.

May

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24. Queen Victoría born, 1819.

June 6. Gen. Nathanael Greene born, 1742.
June 14. Flag Day in the United States.

June 15. King John granted Magna Charter at
Runnymede, 1215.

Dec.

Dec.

June 17. Battle of Bunker Hill, 1775.

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27. Theodore Roosevelt born, 1858.

5. Guy Fawkes Day in England. The Gun-
powder Plot discovered, 1604.

9. King Edward VII. born, 1841.
9. Great fire of Boston, 1872.

10. Martin Luther born, 1483.

Nov. 25. British evacuated New York, 1783.
2. Battle of Austerlitz, 1805.
14. Washington died, 1799.

Dec.

Dec.

Dec. 16 Boston Tea Party, "' 1773.

16. The great fire in New York, 1835.
22. Mayflower pilgrims landed at Plymouth
Rock, 1620.

Dec.25-26. Battle of Trenton, N. J., 1776.

29. William Ewart Gladstone born, 1809.

Ready-Reference Calendar.—1.

For ascertaining the Day of the Week for any given Time from the Beginning of the Christian Era to the Year 2200.

RULE.-To the day of the Month, add Factors for Month, Century, and Year, and divide the total by 7. If there is no remainder, the day is Sunday.

If 1 is the remainder

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Should the total be less than 7, it is to

Monday.
Tuesday.

Wednesday.

Thursday.

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Friday.
Saturday.

be taken as a
remainder.

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The year 00 of Centuries in heavier type was, or will be, a Leap year.

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The system of this Calendar is taken from one printed in Whitaker's (London) Almanac for 1906.

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