in securing pure food laws and uniform naturalization laws, and also in elevating the standard of the public service. In these splendid achievements he has had the hearty co-operation and assistance of a loyal Republican Congress. We congratulate him and the world on what he did for peace between Russia and Japan, and upon what he is now doing to compel peace in Cuba. He has fought the battles of the plain people so courageously and successfully that his name is an inspiration in every State campaign, and his record the platform upon which every good citizen is willing to stand. We pledge the Republican party in New York State to follow faithfully in his footsteps.

In the midst of the most prosperous year in the history of the country, a prosperity which signalizes the semi-centennial of the Republican ascendancy in the nation, we do not believe that our people will change the political control of the State and nation. We do not believe that our people will follow those who would rashly experiment with socialistic theories, to the serious danger of the public welfare. No party can be safely trusted now that follows the leadership of men who advocate the governmental ownership of transcontinental lines of railroads, who would place more than a million and a quarter of railroad employés under political and partisan control, who would add more than $10,000,000,000 to the national debt in their rash and fatal experiment.

Ohio. We most heartily approve and indorse Theodore Roosevelt and his administration of public affairs. True to the principles of the Republican party as enunciated at Chicago in 1904, he has more than met and fulfilled our high expectations. His sagacity, patriotism, commanding honesty and courage, his lofty ideals of public duty and of private citizenship have won for him a unique place in the confidence and regard of the American people. We express our renewed confidence in his ability, his patriotism, his pure and high-minded devotion to the interests of the whole people.

Pennsylvania.-We most heartily and cordially indorse and commend the splendid administration of President Roosevelt. Particularly do we commend his administration for its fair, vigorous and successful enforcement, through the department of justice, of the anti-trust and interstate commerce laws, the enforcement of which has compelled respect for law and made it clear that great corporations and great financial interests, when guilty, will be treated as any other law-breakers. It is a matter of pride to Pennsylvanians that he who was the Attorney-General under whom this policy was begun, and who so signally aided in making it successful, is the present junior Senator from this State.

South Dakota.-His administration has been wise and fearless, and commands the universal respect of the American people, regardless of party. We congratulate him upon his victory in securing the passage by Congress of the recent law for the regulation of railroad rates, and commend our Senators and Representatives in Congress for their support of this policy.

*

*

Texas. We indorse the administration of President Roosevelt in its entirety, and regard him as one of the greatest, if not the greatest, champion of the rights of the people. His action and energy in behalf of the interests of the whole people of the United States, his brave and characteristic opposition to the trusts, and the insistence upon the prosecution of all offenders against the law should win for him the plaudits of the American people.

Vermont. We heartily and cordially indorse the splendid administration of President Theodore Roosevelt, and we commend the Fresident as a fearless champion of the welfare of the people. He has, without fear or favor, uncovered and punished those guilty of malfeasance in public service; he has zealously assailed the violators of the Federal statutes; he has promoted friendly relations with other nations of the earth and gained for us a front rank in the world's diplomacy; he has encouraged wise and helpful legislation, and has shown his determination to continue to promote protection of home industries, commercial expansion and other national policies that have helped the American people to enjoy prosperity and progress without a parallel in the annals of national development.

TARIFF REVISION AND PROTECTION.
DEMOCRATIC CONVENTIONS,

We

Georgia.-The protective tariff taxes the masses of the people to fill the pockets of the few. declare our hostility to the entire system of tariff protection, and urge the next National Democratic Convention to make this issue before the people in a simple and unmistakable manner.

Illinois.-We believe that American citizens are entitled to best fruits of American enterprise, and we condemn, in unmeasured terms, the present Republican system of extorting tribute from the people at home by means of unjust tariff laws, so that foreigners may enjoy American products at a cheaper price than our own people. To end this system which fosters the iniquitous trusts and combinations that are controlling legislation through the Republican party, we demand a careful and businesslike revision of existing tariff rates by the friends of the people, and not by the friends of the system, to a point where the revenues will meet the expense of government honestly and economically administered.

Indiana.-We denounce the hypocrisy of the Republican party which, while pretending to legislate against these conditions, deals only with the symptoms and not with the disease. The unfair, tyrannical features of the so-called "protective tariff" have made these things possible, and no permanent relief can be secured until its obnoxious features are removed. We demand that this be done by a tariff for revenue only.

Iowa.-We believe in tariff for revenue only, and in approaching to that condition of our revenue laws there should be immediate relief granted to the people who are now being robbed by extortionate prices exacted under the shelter of tariff. We believe that the people of this country who produce our wealth and pay our taxes and fight the battles of the republic are entitled to purchase the goods manufactured in this country as cheaply as the people who reside abroad. We denounce the extortion inflicted upon our people under the pretense of protection as an outrage upon the consumer, upon the poor, and upon the laboring people who produce the wealth of this country. We believe the tariff should be removed from all trust-made goods, and in the removal of all duties on iron, steel, lumber, and coal.

Massachusetts. -We require reciprocity and tariff revision. Free hides, free coal, free lumber, free iron and free wood pulp. Legislation to save Massachusetts manufacturers from their present handicap by unjust tariff on raw material of their product. Fostering international commerce by generous and friendly concessions in the adjustment of our tariff to all nations opening to us their markets for our products. Tearing down the tariff walls from intrench monopoly and sustain enormous fortunes exacted from bonest labor and flaunted in the face of the toilers by their gross and vicious possessors.

Minnesota.-Believing it both unwise and unjust that the Congress of the United States should grant special privileges which enrich the few at the expense of the many, we demand that the mem

bers of Congress from Minnesota shall labor diligently for the immediate revision of the Dingley tariff schedules to the end that trusts and combinations in restraint of trade shall no longer be fostered and developed by any tariff laws. We demand that there shall be placed on the free list all trust-made articles and that all protection shall be removed from articles sold cheaper to the foreigner than to the American.

Missouri.-The Dingley act fosters the trust, which waxes fat beneath its sheltering care and enables it to take the American consumer by the throat and rob him to its heart's content. Again, a tax which is levied upon what men consume is vicious, because it takes no account of their ability to pay, and therefore does not belong to the enlightened age in which we live. The democracy of Missouri regards the tariff question as the greatest economic issue now before the American people.

New York.-We denounce Republican high protection, which enables a few to plunder the whole body of their fellow citizens by charging extortionate prices for the necessaries of life and the essentials of industry.

South Carolina.-No taxes should be levied nor tariffs imposed upon the people beyond the actual necessities of government economically administered. We, therefore, urge such reasonable revision of existing tariff that manufacturers shall not obtain a higher price for their product at home. than they demand for such products abroad; also such further revision as will admit free of duty products that are manufactured within the United States by trusts and monopolies

Wisconsin.-We favor revision of the present tariff, and hold that the tariff duty should be levied for the purposes of revenue, such duties to be so adjusted as to operate equally throughout the country and not discriminate between classes or sections, and the taxation should be limited to the needs of the Government, honestly and economically administered. We favor placing on the free list all commodities chiefly supplied by trusts and combines.

REPUBLICAN CONVENTIONS.

Delaware.-We believe that a revision of the present tariff laws in the near future would be beneficial to the great mass of the American people, and we also favor a reduction of duties on imports from the Philippine Islands.

Illinois. We regret that the Democratic party has not yielded its opposition to the protective policy of the Republican party and accepted with patriotic pride its beneficent results, so apparent everywhere in the affairs of the people of the United States. We adhere without hesitation to the cardinal doctrine of protection to American labor and American capital. We do not hold that any particular schedule of tariff duties must be of endless duration, but, on the contrary, when changing business and industrial conditions shall be benefited by a modification of any existing tariff schedule the Republican party holds itself ready to make such needed changes. The necessity for such change, however, must not arise from any special interest, but must arise from a fair and candid consideration of all the business and industrial interests of the whole country.

Indiana.-We adhere to the time-honored Republican doctrine of protection. Our commercial and industrial experiences have fully vindicated the wisdom of this great economic policy. The true policy of protection is that schedules are to be changed when experience shall suggest their change. The Republican party, the friend of the protective policy, can be trusted to make changes in tariff schedules whenever more good than evil will result. We recognize reciprocity as the handmaiden of protection and favor such reciprocal arrangements with other nations as will increase our foreign trade without injury to American industry.

Iowa. We are uncompromisingly in favor of the American system of protection. Duties on foreign imports should not be levied for revenue only, but should be so adjusted as to promote our domestic interests, enlarge our foreign markets, secure remunerative prices for the products of our factories and farms, and maintain a superior scale of wages and standard of living for American labor. Wise and unselfish tariff laws maintained in the interest of the general welfare, equally opposed to foreign control and domestic monopoly, are essential to our commercial and industrial prosperity. We believe that all inequalities in the tariff schedules which inevitably arise from changing industrial and commercial conditions should be adjusted, from time to time, and condemning without reserve all assaults upon the protective system, we favor such reasonable and timely changes as will keep the tariff in harmony with our industrial and commercial progress. We favor the reciprocity inaugurated by Blaine, advocated by McKinley and Roosevelt, and recognized in Republican platforms and legislation.

Kansas.-We again declare our adherence to the principles of a protective tariff and earnestly favor its continuance by the levying of duties on imports to an amount sufficient to prevent ruinous competition with foreign manufacturers who employ cheap labor, but we do not believe that tariff schedules are sacred and we recognize that they should be readjusted from time to time in order to meet changed conditions.

Maine.-We believe in the protective tariff, which is fundamentally based upon a recognition of the differences in labor cost here and abroad, The protective tariff protects American labor, guards and sustains the scale of American wages, and thereby enables American laborers to build and maintain American homes; and while it tends to keep the American market for American industries, nevertheless our trade in foreign markets has expanded to an extent never before known. We reaffirm our belief in that reciprocity which governs the interchange with foreign countries of articles which are not the product of American labor, and we oppose any such reciprocity with Canada as will flood our markets with Canadian lumber and farm products, and thus seriously embarrass the industries of this State.

Massachusetts.-We declare our unwavering adherence to the historic Republican policy of tariff protection to American industries and labor. Under the favoring conditions created by the protective tariff, the enterprise and skill of employer and employed have found abundant opportunity; our rich natural resources have been developed; our industries have been diversified; our foreign and domestic trade has increased; capital and labor have obtained ready employment and fair return, and we rejoice in an average state of comfort and a general and widespread prosperity rarely attained by any people at any period of history. But no tariff law ever has been or can be perfect in all its parts; and, moreover, schedules necessary and wise at the time of their adoption may become unnecessary and unwise by changes in industrial conditions and the law, therefore, ought not to be deemed to be above criticism or beyond improvement. We approve the action of our Representatives in both Houses of Congress at the last session in asking consideration of the tariff, believing it to be the duty of a.Republican Congress to examine with care at all times the operation of the tariff laws, and to amend or revise them whenever the public interests demand, in any amendment or revision of the tariff laws we believe that the principle of protection should be kepu constantly

in view and applied impartially to all sections and all industries; that maximum and minimum tariffs to be applied under executive authority should be established as the surest method of securing just commercial relations with other nations, and that the schedules of duties should be so adjusted that they will especially foster trade with the other nations and dependencies on this hemisphere.

Nebraska.-We declare our unalterable allegiance to the principle of protection, under the beneficent operation of which our country has grown both rich and great. While yielding nothing from our adherence to this principle, we believe that changes in schedules should follow changes in conditions. The history of the Republican party demonstrates that such revision can safely be trusted only to the party which honestly believes in protection and earnestly endeavors to justly apply the principles to conditions as they exist.

New Hampshire.-We are opposed to any change whateve. which would undermine the cardinal principle of the Republican party-protection to American manufactures and labor.

New York.-In national affairs we reaffirm our belief in the wisdom of the protective tariff under which the country has achieved unparalleled prosperity, and we demand that its revision, as occasion may require, be intrusted to its friends and not to its enemies.

Ohio.-The Republican policy of protection must be sacredly maintained. It is the foundation of our gratifying and unparalleled prosperity and commercial eminence, Eventful correction of schedules along protective lines must be made by the Republican party, whose devotion to the policy of American markets for American industry is the guaranty of the confidence of the manufacturing world.

Pennsylvania. -Reflecting upon the widespread and universal disaster and distress which followed the step in the direction of free trade taken by the last national Democratic administration in the enactment of the Wilson-Gorman tariff bill and the armies of idle men who filled our streets while it was in operation, and contrasting those times with the present unexampled prosperity which set in with the repeal of that law and the enactment of the present Dingley tariff law-contrasting the wail of the unemployed during the four years of the last Cleveland administration with the music of the spindle and the cheerful hum of industry now every where heard-we again declare our devotion to the Republicaa doctrine of protection to American industries and American labor, and commend our delegation in Congress for their firm and effective stand against the disturbance of existing conditions. Rhode Island.-The attitude of the Republican party of this State in the question of protection cannot be better expressed than in the words of President Roosevelt⚫ "We stand unequivocally for a protective tariff. But whenever a given rate or schedule becomes evidently disadvantageous to the nation, because of the changes which go on from year to year in our conditions, and where it is feasible to change this rate or schedule without too much dislocation of the system, it will be done: while a general revision of the rates and schedules will be undertaken whenever it shall appear to the sober business sense of our people that, on the whole, the benefits to be derived from making such changes will outweigh the disadvantages."

South Dakota.-We steadfastly adhere to the Republican policy of protection of American industries but believe that tariff rates should be modified from time to time, to the changed conditions, such modifications to be made by the friends of protection and not by its enemies. For the benefit of the American home builder and the protection of our forests, we favor the abolition of all tariff on lumber.

Texas.-We renew our faith and belief in the wisdom of a protective tariff to be accompanied with the policy of reciprocity as the same has been advocated by Blaine, McKinley and Roosevelt, and a revision of tariff schedules as changed conditions may suggest, but never violating the theory and policy of a protective tariff, reads the platform.

TRUSTS.

LEMOCRATIC CONVENTIONS.

Alabama.-In line with the policies of our leader, we favor the complete control and regulation of all corporations and the annihilation of trusts by national and State governments acting within their respective spheres, and demand the absolute divorcement of railroad and trust influences from national and State affairs,

Georgia.-The great body of the people throughout the United States have suffered during recent years from the inexcusable burdens placed on them by the trusts, forcing up the prices of what the masses have to buy, and forcing down the prices of what the masses have to sell. We urge the next Democratic National Convention to make an open plain attack upon these monopolies and present the necessity for their suppression as an issue before the people.

Illinois. It should be remembered that the Democratic party was first to recognize and denounce in its platform those various trusts and combinations formed for the purpose of enabling greedy corpor ations to obtain more than a fair share of the products of sapital and labor, and secure exorbitant and unreasonable profits from the consumer, and we renew our solemn pledge to favor the enactment and enforcement of such legislation as will ultimately suppress such criminal combinations and make way for fair and healty competition in all classes of business.

Indiana. The growth of the trusts and other inordinate and dangerous combinations of capital, the tremendous and rapidly increasing absorbtion and centralization of the wealth of the country in the hands of the chosen few, all due to premeditated and systematic legislation in behalf of special interests by the Republican party, demand a change in the policies imposed upon the country by that party and make the passage of restrictive laws an imperative necessity.

Iowa. We demand the enactment of such legislation as will effectually destroy all trusts, and the strict enforcement of all laws concerning the same; and we denounce the executive of the State of Iowa for failure to enforce existing laws.

New York. Where the law not only permits but empowers great trusts to exact for their products from the people of this country prices vastly exceeding those asked in foreign countries, and this power to plunder our citizens is treated as the property of certain private corporations, openly capitalized for billions of dollars, the vast volume of tribute drawn from the masses of the community is the least pernicious of its results. The wide emulation in plunder which it evokes is the worst result. Every successful scheme of spoliation breeds a thousand imitations. Where a few men are empowered to despoil their fellow citizens under protection of the law many men soon devise innumerable schemes to despoil them outside the law. From the plunder of billions levied on the whole community through manipulating the statute books, to plundering stockholders and policyholders of millions through manipulating books of account, the step is short and inevitable. The law when it denounces minor robberies as crimes is discredited and enfeebled by the greater robberies which it permits.

South Carolina.-It is essential to the material interests of the people and the development of the incalculable resources of our country that there shall be no unjust restrictions upon healthy in

dustrial competition. We, therefore, demand a rigid enforcement of all laws enacted for the prevention of trusts and combines, and a speedy trial and punishment of persons engaged in their violation. Wisconsin.-We demand a strict enforcement of existing civil and criminal statutes against all trusts. combinations, and monopolies.

California.-That we further recognize and commend the prompt, persistent and effective action of the President and his Cabinent advisers in their efforts to bring to just punishment representatives of trust organizations, who have been constantly evading the provisions of the United States laws. Indiana.-We favor the enforcement of laws to protect the people against the encroachments of combined capital. We realize that capital must unite in a lawful way to conduct successfully our modern industries and commerce, and we believe in protecting it in its legitimate functions. We indorse the actions of President Roosevelt in rigidly enforcing the Anti-Trust laws placed upon the statute books of the United States by the Republican party.

Kansas.-The Legislature, by its tearless policy of legislation in relation to the oil and gas interests of Kansas and by its wise enactments curbed the power of the Oil trust and established competition in the refining and sale of oils, so that we now have prosperous, independent refineries, and incited that revolt which, spreading over the entire country, bids fair to end the merciless and unscrupulous reign of Standard Oil oppression,

Ohio. The Republican party has enacted all the effective legislation in restraint of monopolies, trusts and unlawful combines, and to prevent railway and other trade discriminations, and will provide such further enactments as experience proves necessary for the correction of private or corporate abuse. We rejoice in the awakening of public conscience to the dangers of inordinate wealth lawlessly used, along with that wholesome public opinion that is made effective in the fearless enforcement of the law, Pennsylvania. We believe in publicity of the affairs and management of the great corporations, particularly those which are common carriers, or which deal in the staples or necessaries of life, and we demand such governmental inspection, supervision or regulation of such corporations as will give accurate knowledge of their financial condition and business methods, afford means for easily detecting dishonest management and protect the public from imposition. We further commend the President for his un easing efforts to obtain such publicity, inspection and regulation, and for his fearlessness and impartiality in carrying out the laws enacted during his administration. The results thus far obtained show that an aroused, intelligent public opinion, demanding that the same rules of honesty be applied in business as in private life, will do much to correct industrial abuses and compel further needless legislation.

South Dakota.-In the midst of our prosperity great combinations have been formed to destroy competition in the various industries and monopolize the trade and commerce of the country, and new problems have come which require the wisest statesmanship and purest integrity and patriotism for their solution. In this emergency, as in those of the past, the hand of Providence is manifest. It gave us Washington and Lincoln to meet the great problems of their day, and it has given us our illustrious Roosevelt, who stands at the head of the nation as a wise and courageous champion of the rights of a free people, fighting the battle against special interests that seek to control the political affairs of the country.

RECULATION OF RAILROADS.

DEMOCRATIC CONVENTIONS.

Alabama.-We recognize that railroads and public service corporations are entitled to just returns from their investments in this State, provided extortionate rates are not required of our people. In all their legitimate interests such corporations are entitled to protection by law. We recognize the right of all corporations, which conform to our laws, to do business in this State; their rights and privileges will be protected in the same measure as the rights and privileges of private citizens and private corporations, and we pledge the faith of the Democratic party of Alabama to the full protection of all corporations in the proper exercise of their lawful functions. We further demand legislation fixing a maximum freight rate not to exceed the present freight rate in this State, and the establishment by law of a freight rate on all the articles of common manufacture, production, consumption and use not to exceed the present classification and rate of such articles in the State of Georgia-which rates shall not be increased, but may be reduced by the Railroad Commission of this State, or by the carriers themselves. We demand legislation requiring common carriers to supply shippers, without discrimination, with adequate facilities for the prompt moving of their freight, and the imposition of such penalties on said carriers as will force them to supply such means of transportation and prevent discrimination. Georgia.-The great transportation companies have issued millions of dollars of stocks and bonds in excess of the money put into their properties, and they are taxing the industries of the people to pay dividends on fictitious securities. We urge the next Democratic National Convention to make this condition of affairs an issue before the people to the end that the evils complained of many be remedied. We recognize the rights of the railroads to a reasonable profit upon their investments. We recognize their right to protection by law in all of their legitimate interests. We make no attack upon their right to do business and earn such rights, and we pledge the good faith of the Democratic party of Georgia to the fullest protection of these corporations in the legitimate exercise of their privileges and the protection of their property but we deny their right to discriminate against the people of Georgia by first establishing a monopoly of the transportation lines, and then, through the power of such monopoly, exacting higher rates than are charged elsewhere for the purpose of paying dividends upon watered stocks and fictitious securities. We demand an immediate levelling of inter-state rates to the basis of yielding no more than a reasonable return on the money invested; and the abolishment of all discriminations against the people of this State in favor of the people of other States. We demand the immediate repeal of all preferential rates above the standard tariff which the main railroad systems of Georgia are permitted to charge.

Illinois. We believe in the enactment of a railroad rate bill that adequately protects the producer and shipper alike, and we commend the Democratic Senators who stood ready to co-operate with President Roosevelt in the passage of such a bill, and regret that opposition from leading and controlling Senators forced the President to accept a bill that is full of pitfalls and productive of delays which will practically defeat the beneficent purposes of the legislature.

Indiana-We demand a just restriction of the power of all public service corporations, such as railroads, express and telegraph companies, and that they be kept strictly within their legitimate rights, and we favor such control and regulation of the charges of such corporations as will give the

public adequate and efficient service at the lowest possible rate and enable those corporations to pay liberal wages to their employés.

Iowa.-We are in favor of such railroad-rate regulation in the State of Iowa as will give equivalent rates and service to that afforded by the interstate commerce act, and we are opposed to the present legislation in force, discriminating, as it does, against local Iowa industries, and declare in favor of such legislation as will give competition to all competitive points in Iowa, with through billing anywhere in the State. We demand that our next legislature enact a two-cent passenger fare on railroads. Minnesota -We demand additional legislation regulating the rates charged by railroads to the end that such charges be limited to a reasonable return on the value of such railways regardless of watered stock and extravagant bond issues and that complaints from a patron of such common carrier, be given speedy and adequate attention, and prompt relief granted.

New York.-Where the operation of a public franchise is intrusted to a private agency we believe the community is entitled to service of the very highest efficiency consistent with safety of the capital employed in it. We hold it to be the duty of Government, while maintaining absolute security of such property, to exact for the people efficient service at reasonable rates; and a reasonable rate, we believe, is the actual cost in every instance of the service plus a reasonable profit on the corporation rendering it. Pennsylvania.-We are in favor of a most complete and rigid regulation of all corporations engaged in public service. Although the managers of such corporations are in an important sense the agents of the stockholders, yet their paramount duty is to the public; they are but servants of the commonwealth for the performance of public functions, and in such performance should first consider public interest and convenience. Common carriers should be compelled to give equal and reasonable rates for transportation to all passengers and shippers. Rebates, discriminations, and special favors should be prohibited, and by the creation of a railroad commission, or other appropriate legislation, a strict performance of all duties should be enforced. We demand from the railroads ample and adequate passenger service at a rate not to exceed two cents per mile.

REPUBLICAN CONVENTIONS.

California.-We especially commend and acknowledge the action of Congress and the President in the passage and approval of the so-called "rate bill," whereby it is designed to restrain the exaction of railroad corporations and to bring the regulation of rates within the jurisdiction of the Interstate Commerce Commission.

Indiana. We favor the national regulation of railroad rates in such a manner as to prevent discrimination and insure the quality of service to all upon just and reasonable terms. Such regulations must be effected so as to operate justly upon the shipper, the common carriers and the body of the people. We favor the enactment of a law fixing the maximum railroad passenger rate at two cents per mile on all railroads operating within the State.

Kansas. We are in favor of the passage by Congress of the Hepburn railroad rate bill as passed by the House of Representatives, without amendment that will in any way impair its efficiency or diminish the powers granted by it to the Interstate Commerce Commission.

Massachusetts.-We are opposed to the ownership of the railroads by this State or the national Government. In our opinion, under Government ownership the service would lose in efficiency and economy, and there would be placed under the control of the dominant political party a powerful and widespread political agency. We believe that the evils which have been or may be developed in railroad management would often be intensified under public ownership, but that they can be corrected by a rigid public supervision and regulation, which we approve. In this, as in other respects, we favor reform and not revolution.

Pennsylvania. We approve the legislation pending in Congress, and now certain to be enacted into law, providing for such supervision and regulation in a broad and comprehensive degree and conferring upon the Interstate Commerce Commission the power to determine and put into effect just and reasonable rates for the transportation of persons and property. The enactment of such legislation has been possible at this time by the wise, courageous and successful leadership of our President. The policy embodied in such legislation will, we trust, promote the interests, not only of those who use, but as well those who own, our railroads and harm only those who, as promoters of corporations or users of their services, seek to obtain unjust personal advantage through discriminations injurious to the public welfare,

Rhode Island.-The legislation of the Fifty-ninth Congress demonstrates that when a reform is really needed the Republican party can be relied upon to enact such practical measures as will accomplish the desired results without harm to honest industry and without disturbances to lawful enterprise. We confidently assert that the anti-trust law, together with the railway rate bill, furnish effective remedies for all of the evils springing from corporate greed, without embarking upon the dangerous and pernicious experiment of governmental ownership.

Vermont. We are in hearty sympathy with the great battle being fought by the Republican erty in behalf of the people against the evil of rebating, favoritism and discrimination in interstate Commerce. We are in favor, by proper State legislation, of protecting the people of the State against like evils within the State in non-interstate commerce.

AMERICAN MERCHANT MARINE.

DEMOCRATIC CONVENTIONS.

Illinois. We denounce the supposed ship subsidy legislation now pending in the national Congress and we declare that scheme to take money out of the national treasury and pay it to a few favored ship owners as un-Democratic, un-American and unjust to the masses of the people.

REPUBLICAN CONVENTIONS.

Maine. We deplore the condition of our merchant marine. We believe that the enactment of the bill pending in Congress would be a pronounced step toward its revival. We congratulate our Senators on the passage of this bill in the Senate and urge our Representatives to continue their earnest efforts in its behalf.

Massachusetts. We heartily approve the efforts of President Roosevelt to devise a just and effective method for building up a strong merchant marine, and indorse the action of the United States Senate in passing the shipping bill, in response to his request. The lack of American steamship communication with South America and our feeble share in the ocean trade of the Orient are both a peril and a reproach to the United States. A large and active merchant shipping would mean profitable employment in a congenial field for New England capital and labor. It would mean widening markets