The extract, besides confirming our butter-from-hay statement, is interesting in a physiological point of view.

The following observations in relation to Indian corn meal were communicated to the Journal of Commerce by a physician of the city of New York:

"Yellow corn and white corn are not the same in quality, although they are identical in kind, and may grow in the same field. The nutritive qualities of the yellow corn surpass that of the white, and that is a good reason why the common sense of the people, or their ordinary experience, assigns to it a preference, independently of its mere looks.

"The investigations of vegetable chemistry have revealed to us many important and interesting facts. By the aid of analysis, it has been ascertained that butter in a pure state, is combined in all, or nearly all grapes, seeds, and grains. Out of one hundred weight of yellow Indian corn meal, for instance, a good chemist can extract from 8 to 10 pounds of butter. Out of the same weight of white Indian meal, six or eight per cent. of butter can be made, thus proving it to be, in that proportion, so much the less nutritious. Of the nutritious quality of Indian meal, any one can satisfy himself by attending to the usual process of cooking it. When it is boiled thick, as in making mush, if a crust adhere to the side of the vessel, in cooling, it is apt to peel off, of itself, owing to this fatty material in it.

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'It has furthermore been proved that the butter, obtained from the cream of milk, is not animal secretions, but that it previously existed, in the pure and original state, in the hay or food of the cow and a skillful chemist can make more butter out of a hundred weight of hay than a cow can, as the cow must appropriate a considerable share of it for the uses and necessities of her organization. Give a cow a hundred pounds of hay, and she will render back eight pounds of butter, but an expert chemist can realize twelve or thirteen pounds out of it.

"In the choice of the various articles of food, to suit our taste on particular occasions-to correspond to the multiplied emergencies of life—the adaptations of the multifarious sorts and qualities of food, display infinite wisdom and goodness. In sickness, in health, in toil, while our means abound, and when they are scanty, we demand different kinds of food, and different varieties of the same kind, to satisfy our real and imaginary wants. Of the grain stuffs, rice contains the least fatty material, and Indian corn the most, and ranging between these two extremes, we have wheat, oats, rye, barley, etc., all different, and yet all of them capable of being applied to the respective conditions which are suited to them.

"It is on account of the fatty nature of Indian corn meal that it is such a strong kind of food, and that persons unaccustomed to it cannot at first endure it. The nations which feed chiefly on rice, are not near so robust as those which use Indian corn, as the blacks of the south mostly do. Persons unaccustomed to this kind of food, therefore, will do best to commence with the white Indian meal, in preference to the yellow, as it is not so rich; and this preference of the white over yellow has already occurred in England, where the article is new. "There is only one more observation which I wish to make. As Indian corn meal contains so much fat in it, kept too long, it is liable to become rancid, and is then more or less unfit for use. In the shipments made to the West Indies the meal is commonly kiln dried, to obviate as much as possible this tendency to rancidity. For reasons just detailed, the white meal will keep rather better; and from its being lighter and milder, it is much preferred for use in warm climates, as the yellow, for similar inducements, is in cold."

The "Ladies' Repository," referred to in our May number, is published in Ohio, and is a very different work from that by the same name published in Boston.

THE REV. MR. HOLMES.

Our prediction that several clergymen were about to enter the phrenological field, is in part fulfilled in the accession of this able co-worker to our cause. The "New England Arena" speaks of his manner of treating his subject in terms of high commendation. The frequent correspondence we have had with him for five or six years, gives abundant evidence of his possessing two important prerequisites for a public lecturer—a deep interest, and a thorough knowledge of his subject. His phrenological developments-large Causality, Language, Ideality, Mirthfulness, and moral organs, together with a temperament evincing great activity, susceptibility, and intensity of feeling, still farther attest that he possesses the qualifications requisite to render him a superior lecturer, especially upon the moral and philanthropic department of this reformatory science, which his prior calling will greatly facilitate. A little experience will render him one of the first in his profession.

TO DO GOOD is evidently his great object. This his new and far more extensive field facilitates, far more than his former contracted one could do. Such accessions we hail with peculiar satisfaction. Such laborers will abundantly sustain themselves and the science. To the lovers of this great cause we say, "HELP THIS GOOD BROTHER," for you will thus promote the science. Give him influence and audiences, and he will make an excellent use of both. Brother, we tender you the right hand of fellowship, and wish you much success.

We insert the following from the Oasis, an excellent weekly newspaper, published at Nashua, N. H. The subject is one of interest, and we intend to give a Phrenological exposition of the true character and capacity of this unfortunate people in the Journal at some future time.

THINK OF IT.-Almost every one regards the colored race as inferior to the white people-not as a result of circumstances, not from a lack of intellectual training-but as a design of the Almighty, that the whites shall possess more, and the blacks less, of mind-that the colored race are necessarily inferior to the whites, even under the same circumstances, and that culture cannot raise them. That the African race, as a nation, are far below the Europeans, is not to be denied. But the great and important question is, is the difference irremediable? We see no reason why the color of a man's skin must necessarily make or unmake him, as to intellectuality. Both the white and the black have brains-that of the white is of a better fibre, possessing more sensibility, and more capable of receiving impressions, than that of the black; but the brain of the latter, by proper mental culture, may be much improved in quality, and that culture, continued through a number of generations, successively, would give a black as good a brain, a head as well formed, a mind as clear, and thought as deep, as would be possessed by any white, under the same circumstances.

And why not? Every one knows that a white, with an uncultivated mind, is almost invariably degraded and debased. And what right have we to expect in the black man, whose mind is entirely uncultivated, like that of his progenitors through long centuries, an equality in mental power with the white, whose fathers were trained in knowledge, and he himself educated in the midst of refinement, and led in the paths of science, by long-experienced guides? The idea seems to us preposterous. It will be acknowledged that the ignorant and debased white may be plucked from his fellows, and by proper treatment, “made a man of." And why not so with the colored man? Because, forsooth, he is

black! and that, we opine, is the best reason that can be given for the position that the blacks are not capable of mental elevation.

By the way, will not the Messrs. Fowler favor us with a little light on this dark subject?

The following is from the New-York Tribune:

INTELLECT OF THE COLORED MAN.

Let those who are accustomed to speak disparagingly of the intellect of the colored man, ponder the interesting facts presented in the following article from the Cincinnati Watchman of the Valley, the organ of Presbyterianism at the West. If the school here described were in Liberia it would attract the attention of multitudes who will now scarcely give it or its benevolent founder a moment's thought or a word of encouragement.

CINCINNATI HIGH SCHOOL.-Some of our readers may think this an arrogant title for a school of colored youth to assume. So it struck us at first; but, since witnessing the proficiency of its scholars, we are satisfied that the title is well merited. Their performances on Wednesday and Thursday evenings of last week, were of a character, we do not hesitate to say, well calculated to raise the standard of education among us. We have witnessed many school exhibitions, in our younger days, and taken part in them, either as pupil or teacher; but we are constrained to confess that in the article of fine speaking, this excelled them all. This fact is alike creditable to the talents and faithfulness of the teachers, and the natural capacities of our colored population. The singing, accompanied with the piano-all executed by the scholars themselves, in which the whole school seemed to participate-surpassed even the speaking.

That we are not alone in our estimate of these performances, may be inferred from the fact, that there were about one thousand in attendance the first evening, and a still larger number the second, (assembled even in the face of a gathering thunder-storm,) although a fee for admission was required on both evenings.

This school was instituted, and is superintended by Mr. Hiram S. Gilmore, who has generously devoted to it his enterprise and his wealth. It commenced with about 20 pupils, and has since increased to near 200. The report for the year ending March 22, 1847, returns 160 for the first quarter, 152 for the second, 177 for the third, 195 for the fourth. From one fourth to one third of this number have the expenses of their tuition defrayed by charity. The donations to the beneficiancy department for this purpose, the year past, have been $683 40. Amount of tuition paid by the pupils themselves, $1,196 89; making the aggregate receipts of the school for the year $1,880 29. Expenditures for the same time, $1,854 05. The services of the Principal are rendered without compensation.

Mr. Gilmore, it would seem, has spared no pains to give his school the best educational privileges within his reach. The school is becoming more and more appreciated by the colored people, as its rapid increase indicates, and it is in contemplation to enlarge its sphere of usefulness, by establishing primary schools in connexion with it, in different parts of the city.

Mr. Gilmore and his associates have richly merited the gratitude of the public for filling a department where their services are most needed. They have taken under their care those whom legislative neglect had exposed to ignorance and vice, and who might otherwise, in consequence of this neglect, have been nuisances in society, and are raising them to the condition of intelligent, virtuous, and useful citizens. That a man engaged in such service should be denied the use of this city for his exhibitions, is a fact in the history of the times which posterity will be slow to believe.

A POET'S SKULL.-William Howitt, in his "Homes and Haunts of the British Poets," states that the skull of POPE now ornaments the private collection of a Phrenologist.

MR. O. S. FOWLER:-

For the American Phrenological Journal.

HARTFORD, Feb., 1847.

DEAR SIR-I have taken the liberty of addressing you, thinking that a brief history of the progress of Phrenology in Hartford would not be uninteresting to the readers of your valuable Journal:

In December, 1845, Mr. L. N. Fowler delivered a course of lectures on Phrenology in this place, which were listened to with much interest and profit by a large number of our most intelligent citizens; at the conclusion of the course, Mr. Fowler, in compliance with the request of a number of his auditors, consented to give a short course of lectures before a class formed for the purpose of receiving instruction, both in the theory and practice of Phrenology. From this class originated an association, since well known as the "Hartford Phrenological Society." The establishment of a society having for its object the investigation, illustration, and defence of Phrenology, has tended greatly to create and render permanent an interest in the subject. The society has held its meetings regularly from its organization to the present time, and thereby becoming generally known, and being supported by those most interested in the subject, it is presumed that the progress of the interest in the science may best be determined by the success of the society, which so far has exceeded the anticipations of the most confident.

To those who contemplate the organization of similar associations in other places, a brief account of this, and the manner in which it is conducted, may be of advantage. Meetings have been held two evenings each week, one devoted to the examination of subjects presented by a committee appointed for that purOne or more faculties of mind, or one of the temperaments, being chosen pose. for particular consideration each evening. When a subject is presented for examination, the President appoints some member, who has no previous knowledge of the character of the person, to conduct the examination, each member being required previously to mark the size of the organ or organs under particular consideration upon a piece of paper, with his name endorsed, to be read to the society by the President after the examination. That the test may be perfect as possible, and that the examination may be satisfactory to the most skeptical, the most remarkable and eccentric characters have been procured for examination. The other evening has been occupied with the discussion of subjects immediately connected with, or influenced by, Phrenology or Physiology. Believing, as most Phrenologists do, that when these sciences shall become generally understood and appreciated, important changes will be made in education, law, and society, we have deemed it proper to give these discussions an important place in our exercises; and the interest and profit with which they are considered, ensure their continuance.

The society has recently commenced filling charts of character, which, so far as known, have given satisfaction. We have also taken the agency of the Journal, and by the efforts of the members, its circulation and consequent usefulness have been greatly increased; near three hundred subscribers have been obtained, where two years since there was less than a dozen; and we are constantly making additions to the list. It is now more than a year since our organization, and during that time we have given the subject a thorough investigation; the result has been the complete triumph of the science. In every case examined, the character has been found written in indellible lines upon the organization, and whenever any difficulty has occurred in giving character, it has been found owing, not to any want of truth or completeness in Phrenology, but rather to our ignorance of it. May the day soon come, when a knowledge of this science shall be universally diffused throughout the world, dispensing its benign blessings freely and alike on all. Yours, etc.,

D. B. H.

RESOLUTIONS PASSED AT WINCHESTER, OHIO.

We have received the following resolutions, passed at Winchester, Ohio, at the close of a course of lectures on Phrenology, by Mr. Wisner :

Resolved, That we who have attended the course of Phrenological Lectures delivered in Winchester, Guernsey county, Ohio, April, 1847, by H. Wisner, feel highly indebted to him for the needed information he has communicated to us during the lectures just closed.

Resolved, That in him we recognize an excellent ability to correctly delineate character by an examination of heads and temperaments.

Resolved, That since mind is the source of all power and motion, we consider a knowledge of it of paramount importance, and especially calculated to promote our happiness here and hereafter; that a correct knowledge of mind can be obtained only through the instrumentality of Phrenology.

Resolved, That Phrenology is of essential importance to parents and teachers, showing how to train and direct the propensities and passions of children to subdue their animal feelings to the control of their intellectual and moral powers, pointing out a natural system of disciplining the intellect and cultivating memory.

Resolved, That inasmuch as the science has been abused, and the public imposed upon by incipient Phrenologists, who have filled their pockets and amused the vulgar, without showing its practical bearings upon education and morality, we recommend to all an attendance upon Mr. Wisner's lectures.

Resolved, That the members of the class who have received private instructions from H. Wisner on Phrenology, express an entire satisfaction with his plan of teaching, and would therefore recommend him as a successful teacher to all desirous of studying the science.

On motion, it was

Resolved, That John S. Theaker be appointed to have the above resolutions inserted in the Guernsey Times.

MESMERISM AND SURGERY.

The Zoist, a large and respectable Magazine of Magnetic Surgery, Physiology, etc., published in London, and now in its fifth year, gives in its January number a great multiplicity and variety of cases of surgical operations performed, while the patients were respectfully under the Mesmeric influence, in India, France, various parts of Great Britain, etc., etc. Prof. Durand removed a large tumor from the neck of a young woman on the 19th of September last, as is attested by fifty of the first citizens. She knew nothing of the operation till awakened after its conclusion. A third case was the removal of the diseased tonsil of a child, by Mr. Aston Key. One tonsil had previously been removed without Mesmerism, causing intense agony, and rendering the child unconquerably adverse to any farther operation, and almost thrown into convulsions by the bare mention of it. The child was partially awakened by the violence of the process, but did not know that any operation had been performed. In a case of amputation of a crushed leg at Kilmaruck, the patient, (who had been then Mesmerized for the first time,) was awakened by the sawing of the bone. Cases of the extraction of the most painful and difficult decayed teeth are frequent and well attested. How can any part of the Medical Faculty longer resist the daily accumulating files of evidence in demonstration of the painless and safety of surgical operations in the Mesmeric state? And if they do, how can patients much longer submit to be tortured beyond endurance by surgical butchery when it is now certain that operations may as easily be painless as otherwise?-N. Y. Tribune.