Electricity, light, powerAmerican School of Correspondence, 1903 |
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16 c. p. lamps acid alternating current ammeter amount ampere-hours amperes arc lamps armature armature coils armature windings arrangement axle belt Belt-Driven boiler booster brake brushes Bullock cable candle power capacity carbon carried cause cell charging choke coil circular mils commutator conductors connected copper core current motor curve cut-out diameter direct current discharge distance driving drop dynamo efficiency electric electrolyte engine feeder feet field coils frame fuse give heat incandescent lamp inch increase installed insulation iron lead lightning arrester load located loss machine magnetic mains metal method ohms operation parallel pipes placed plant points pole pieces positive plate potential railway regulation resistance rheostat rotary converter shaft short circuit shown in Fig shows shunt speed station storage battery sulphate supplied switch switchboard terminals third rail tion track transformers trolley wire truck usually voltage volts wattmeter watts Westinghouse wheel
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Сторінка 20 - Readings above this point are for solutions of lower specific gravity than water, and those below it are for solutions of a higher specific gravity. For storage battery work the specific gravity of the electrolyte is always between 1.1 and 1.3, hence we require only a certain portion of the scale as represented in Fig. 12. Charging. The charging should begin immediately after a new cell is filled with the electrolyte, otherwise the plates are likely to become "sulphated.
Сторінка 41 - ... b. Must be placed at every point where a change is made in the size of wire [unless the cut-out in the larger wire will protect the smaller.
Сторінка 39 - This arrangement avoids the necessity of running two dynamos, and allows the battery to be placed in a sub-station near the district to be supplied, so that it is only necessary to run two conductors to that point instead of three. The same principle may be applied to the five -wire system.
Сторінка 30 - An accumulator gives off occasional bubbles of gas at almost any time or condition ; but when nearly charged, the evolution becomes more rapid. These bubbles, as they break at the surface, throw minute particles of acid into the air, forming a fine spray which floats about. This spray not only corrodes the metallic connections and fittings in the battery room, but is also very irritating to the throat and lungs, causing an extremely disagreeable cough. Glass covers are sometimes placed Fig.
Сторінка 9 - Corrugated lead ribbons 25/32 inch wide are then rolled into close spirals of 25/32 inch in diameter, which are forced into the circular holes of the plate. By electrochemical action these spirals are formed into active material, the process requiring about thirty hours; at the same time the spirals expand so that they fit still more closely in the grids.
Сторінка 18 - Resolved, That in the opinion of this convention what is ordinarily known as a 2,ooo-cp arc lamp is one requiring on the average 450 watts for its maintenance, the measurements being made at the lamp terminals, where no sensible resistance is included in series with the arc. In case such resistance is used, it must be excluded in the measurement of the voltage.
Сторінка 29 - The fragments which fall from the plates not only involve a loss of active material, but are also likely to extend across or gather between the plates and cause a short circuit. The positive plates are far more susceptible to and injured by these troubles than the negatives. The former are also more expensive to make, therefore it is to them that special attention should be directed in the management of storage batteries.
Сторінка 7 - Its method of manufacture is interesting and is practically as follows : The first thing is to get finely divided lead which is made by directing a blast of air against a stream of the molten metal, producing a spray of lead which upon cooling falls as a powder. This powder is dissolved in nitric acid and precipitated* as lead chloride on the addition of *Turned back to a solid.
Сторінка 24 - Since most types of cells are not injured by a slight overcharging at a moderate rate it may even be carried a little beyond the charged point, as it tends to remove " sulphating." A considerable overcharge should be avoided as it causes excessive formation of gas bubbles in the active materials, is likely to heat the cell and even cause disintegration and buckling of the plates. Discharging. A storage battery is in most cases discharged within a few hours after being charged, as, for example, in...
Сторінка 49 - The complete control of a battery in an electric-lighting plant requires provision to be made for feeding the lamps, etc., from either the dynamo or battery separately, or from the two working in parallel; and it should be possible to charge the battery at the same time that lamps are being supplied. To accomplish these results requires three switches, — one to connect the battery to the dynamo, one to connect the lamps to the dynamo, and one to connect the lamps to the battery. In some plants...