History of Europe: From the Fall of Napoleon, in 1815, to the Accession of Louis Napoleon, in 1852, Том 5

Archibald Alison

W. Blackwood and Sons, 1856

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CHAPTER XXVII	1

Increased demand for reform	3

its statistics	7

Manner in which this was brought about	13

His versatility has rendered him rather universally popular than	15

Page	16

Renewed efforts of the Republicans Armand Carrel	18

Great effect of these provisions	20

Answer of the Government	398

The bill passes both Houses	404

Beneficial effect of the fixing of negroes on particular estates	411

Resistance in the colonies to the Orders in Council	419

Result of the debate	426

Increased agitation produced by this decision	452

Ministers hold	458

Division in the Cabinet on the Irish Coercion Bill renewal	464

As a historian	21

Conspiracy at Grenoble	24

2729 Circular of the cabinet of Berlin 26 Consequences of this event highly injurious to freedom	26

Reflections on this picture of Germany	30

Circular of Metternich detailing the effect of the repressive measures	31

Circular of Metternich on the Neapolitan revolution 26 2729	32

Effect of this Final Act on German liberty	34

Illusory edict of Prussia regarding provincial diets 32 34	35

Noble instances of fortitude and benevolence	36

Import of the constitution of the provincial estates of Prussia by the edict of June 5 1823	37

Count Bernstorffs circular on the subject	38

Regulations against the secret societies in Prussia	39

The real worth of the provincial estates	40

Causes which prevented an outbreak	41

Specific measures introduced	43

The ultimate effect of these changes would have favoured freedom	44

Great effect of the French Revolution in checking German freedom	45

Increase of this feeling with the Belgian and Polish revolutions	46

Effect of the siege of Antwerp in 1832	48

Decree of July 5 of the Diet	49

Immense sensation produced by these decrees over Europe	50

Riot in Frankfort and its occupation by the Austrians	51

Congress of Sovereigns at Münchengratz	52

Fresh riot at Frankfort which is put under martial law	53

Death of the Emperor Francis and his successors communication to the	55

Progress of 1844	69

Opening of the StatesGeneral of Prussia and Kings speech	78

37	80

Improved condition of the country and the revenue	81

constitution of the Diet	84

Disastrous effects in Germany of the revolutions of 1820 and 1830	90

What may be hoped for federal unions in future	96

Reasons which induced the West India proprietors to acquiesce	100

Wieland	102

Great increase of production in the foreign slave States	106

Great effect of the recent changes in the currency in stimulating	112

Grillparzer	117

Burger	124

38	127

ib 39	128

41	129

ib 43	131

ib 44	132

45	133

46	134

48	135

50	137

51	138

52	139

Countess HahnHahn	144

Immense sensation excited by this event 60 Wise internal regulations of the Prussian government 61 Amnesty on the 300th anniversary of the Refor...	170

Extraordinary state of Lyons after the revolt	183

False views on this insurrection generally entertained in France	189

Death of Casimir Périer and Cuvier	205

The Duchess resolves to cross France to La Vendée	211

Adventures of the Duchess de Berri and extinction of the insurrection	217

55	221

57	223

59	225

60	226

Great successes of the insurgents and consternation of the military chiefs	235

His marvellous contradictions	239

Answer of the King	241

Preparations of England and France for the siege of Antwerp	254

Effect of this success in France and England	260

CHAPTER XXX	268

Licentiousness of the romances and theatres of Paris	273

Trial of the St Simonians	274

Changes in the Ministry and creation of peers	276

Marshal Soults circular to the prefects ib 11 State and views of the Republicans	277

Death of the Duke of Reichstadt	278

Opening of the Chambers and Kings speech	280

Trials of strength in the Chamber ib 15 Project for the fortification of Paris	282

Violent opposition which it encountered and it is adjourned	283

Large grants for public works	284

Distribution of the grant	285

Income and expenditure of 1833	287

Kings journey to Normandy and felicitous answers to addresses	288

New form which the spirit of propagandism assumed	289

Remonstrances of Russia and Prussia against the Polish commit tees	290

Revolutionary organisation in Germany 1832 and 1833	291

Efforts of the propagandists in Switzerland and Italy	292

Opening of the provincial estates and great excitement with which it was attended	293

Real objects of that Congress	294

Resolution of the Congress regarding the propagandism	295

Affairs of Algeria	296

Origin of the Zouaves in Algeria	297

Military successes and establishment of the colony	298

Extreme violence of the press in Paris in 1833 and 1834	299

Opening of the Chamber of 1834 and violence of parties	300

Correspondence between France and the allied Powers on the subject of a general disarming	302

Laws against public criers and imposing a stamp duty on pamphlets	303

Law against associations ib 36 Violent debates on it in the Chamber	306

Answer of the Ministerialists	307

Rejoinder of the Opposition ib 40 Passing of the repressive measures and changes in the Cabinet	308

General resistance to the law against secret societies	310

Secret societies their organisation and objects	311

An insurrection is resolved on at Lyons	312

Second insurrection at Lyons and its causes	313

Its commencement with the trial of the leaders of the violent strike ib 46 Balanced successes on the opposite side	314

General insurrectionary movements in France	316

Insurrection in Paris	317

Defensive measures of the Government	318

Victory of the Government and Massacre in the Rue Transnonain	319

Measures of the Government upon its victory	320

Death of M de Lafayette	321

his rise and character in public life 323324	323

His qualities as a statesman and orator	325

Its danger in the end	326

Results of the Revolution of July	327

Change for the worse which it had induced ib 61 Error of the explanation of these changes given by the Liberal party	328

62	329

63	330

CHAPTER XXXI	332

Assault on the Duke of Wellington and the King	333

Immense power at the disposal of Ministers	334

Influence of the practical turn of the English mind at this crisis	335

The nobility were at the head of the English movement	336

Effect of the Conservatives remaining at their posts	337

Moderation of Government	338

Beneficial effect of the influence in Ireland of the See of Rome at this period	339

Influence of the cholera in checking the Reform mania	340

Distressed state of the finances	341

Question of the RussoBelgian loan	343

Distracted state of Ireland and resistance to tithes	344

Declaration of Government on the subject and recommendations of the committee	345

Reflections on their recommendation ib 1516 Valuable facts brought out in the evidence and the debate 346347	346

Government plan on the subject and Mr OConnells opposition	347

Increased agitation and violence in the country	348

Frightful murders and burnings in the country	349

Ineffectual efforts of the Government	350

Renewed efforts of the agitators and their gross falsehoods	351

Small amount of the arrears to each and its irrecoverable nature	352

Speech of the King on proroguing Parliament	353

Success of the registration of electors law	354

System of requiring pledges from candidates	355

Result of the new elections	357

Opening of Parliament	358

Extreme wordiness of the new House and new regulations in conse quence	359

Regulations for forenoon hours in the House of Commons	360

Coercion Bill for Ireland	361

3135 Argument of Ministers for the Coercion Bill 362366	362

3641 Argument of the Roman Catholics against the bill 367371	367

Progress of the bill in both Houses	372

Reflections on the Coercion Act	373

General distress which prevailed in the country	386

Ministers by a sidewind get the vote rescinded	392

Report of the PoorLaw Commissioners recommending a change	475

Effect of the bill has not been materially to lessen poorrates	481

Weakness of Government and disturbances in Ireland	484

Riot at Rathcormack	485

Hostility of the press Lord Broughams journey in Scotland	486

The King dismisses the Ministry and sends for the Duke of Wel lington	487

Reflections on Earl Greys fall	488

Great merit of Earl Grey in resisting the movement after the bill was passed	489

Review of his administration	490

CHAPTER XXXII	491

Weakness of Turkey after the peace of Adrianople	492

his character and policy	493

His system of civil government	494

Origin of the war	495

Physical description of Syria	496

Ibrahim lays siege to Acre	499

Skilful operations of Ibrahim and capture of Acre	500

Battle of Homs	501

The Egyptians enter Aleppo	502

Results of the campaign and great preparations of the Porte	504

Advance of Ibrahim to Konieh ib 15 Preparations for a decisive battle	505

Forces on both sides	506

Decisive movement of Ibrahim on his right	507

Victory of the Egyptians	508

Immense effects of this victory	509

The Porte applies to England for succour and is refused	510

Reasons for not applying to France	511

The Porte applies to Russia for aid	512

Which is joyfully accorded	513

The Porte in vain seeks to countermand the succours and breach of the negotiations	514

Fresh Russian expedition sails from Odessa	515

Mission of Lord Durham to St Petersburg	516

Treaty between the Porte and Mehemet Ali	517

Treaty of UnkiarSkelessi	519

Remonstrances of the Western Powers	521

First settlement of Greece under the presidency of Capo dIstria	523

Jealousy awakened in the English Cabinet	530

Forces on both sides at the commencement of hostilities	538

Ultimate demands of both parties	544

Extension of the Zollverein and increasing intellectual strength of Prussia	545

Allied plan of attack and forces on opposite side	551

Vast system of railways in Northern Germany 68 Inauguration of the Cathedral of Cologne and Kings speech at it 69 Meeting of the general estates at...	552

65	553

67	554

Magnitude of the conquest and its results	557

Important treaty of the whole European Powers regarding the navigation	565

The advantages of the treaty were more apparent than real	566

The refusal of succour to the Turks in 1833 was the fatal step	567

Which arose from the Reform Bill and the contraction of the currency	568

Dangers of the nation in 1841 from the mania for reduction	569

CHAPTER XXXIII	571

Opening of the Chamber and great majority for Ministers	572

Marshal Gérard succeeds Marshal Soult	573

Declaration of the new Ministers in favour of economy	574

Count Molé Minister	575

Fall of the new Ministry and restoration of the old one	576

Flourishing state of Algiers ib 8 First debate on the Address	577

Answer of M Guizot	578

Majority for Ministers in the Chamber	579

Marshal Mortier is succeeded by the Duke de Broglie as Prime Minister	580

Cause of this crisis	581

Divergence of Thiers and Guizot	582

Character of the Duke de Broglie	583

Settlement of the question with the Americans	584

Commencement of the treason trials before the Chamber of Peers	585

Ruinous effects of this mode of proceeding	586

Commencement of the trial and contest with the Bar	587

Contest about the choice of defenders	589

Commencement of the proceedings ib 21 Refusal of the accused to plead or answer until they got their own defenders	590

Progress of the trial	591

Continuation of the disorders and letter of Audry de Puyraveau	592

Proceedings in the Chamber of Deputies	593

Trials disjoined and escape of twentyeight prisoners	594

Conclusion of the trials	595

2728 Reflections on these trials 596597	596

Fête of July and conspiracy to murder the King	598

Attempted assassination of the King by Fieschi	599

Arrest of the assassin and discovery of the infernal machine	600

Immense effect produced by this event in Paris	601

Funeral of Marshal Mortier and the other victims	602

Trial and execution of the murderers	603

3538 Speech of M de Broglie on the introduction of the new law of re pression 604607	604

3942 Answer of M Armand Carrel and M de Lamartine 608610	608

Proposed laws	610

Which pass both Chambers	612

Improved condition of the Government in spring 1836 ib 46 Increased prosperity in France and beginning of the railway mania	613

Fall of the Duke de Broglie	614

Increasing difficulty of the question of reduction of the interest of the debt	616

Arguments in favour of the reduction of the interest	617

Answer for the stockholders	618

Decision of the Ministers on the subject which is against it at the moment and leads to their overthrow	619

M Thiers Premier ib 5354 Political character of M Thiers 620621	620

Postponement of the question regarding the debt and first trial of strength in the Chamber	622

Thiers profession of faith before the Chamber	623

Declaration of M Guizot	624

Of M Odillon Barrot	625

Nullity of legislative measures	626

Important financial statements	627

Occupation of Cracow by the allied Powers ib 62 Other diplomatic treaties	629

Journey of the Dukes of Orléans and Nemours to Berlin and Vienna	630

Fresh attempt to assassinate the King by Alibaud ib 65 Execution of Alibaud and seclusion of the King	631

Announcement of the seclusion of the King in his palace	632

State of the secret societies in Switzerland	633

Measures of France and Austria against the refugees	634

Reflections on this subject	635

The Spanish Question and its urgent dangers	637

Thiers is for intervention the King against it and the former resigns ib 72 Character of Count Molé	638

Liberation of Prince Polignac and the prisoners in Ham	639

Death of Charles X	640

his early life	642

Preparations for the attempt of Strasburg	643

Breaking out of the conspiracy	644

Its rapid success	645

And ultimate failure	647

Humane conduct of the Government to Louis Napoleon	649

Trial and acquittal of the Strasburg conspirators ib 82 Law for disjunction of trials which is rejected	651

Argument of M Dupin against the law	653

Lamartines reply	654

The bill is thrown out and Ministry still hold on ib 86 Modification of the Ministry	655

Marriage of the Duke of Orléans	656

Preparations for the marriage and general amnesty	657

Marriage of the Prince and consequent catastrophe	659

Inauguration of the palace of Versailles as a palace of the arts ib 91 Fresh political societies	660

Dissolution of the Chamber	661

Affairs of Africa	662

The migratory Arabs and their annual migration	663

The conquests of the Romans and Saracens	664

Early difficulties of Marshal Clausel	666

his character	667

His first successes	668

Disaster of General Trezel ib 102 Victory of Marshal Clausel	669

Capture of Tlemson by AbdelKader and its recovery by Clausel	670

Ahmed Bey of Constantine joins the league against the French	671

Operations in Western Algeria and victory of the Sickak	672

Preparations for the siege of Constantine	673

Commencement of the expedition	674

March on Constantine and its extreme hardships	675

Repulse of the French ib 111 Disastrous retreat of the French	677

Mistrust and bitter recriminations in France	678

Noble conduct of the King and Ministers ib 114 Affairs of Oran 6 79	679

Diverging views of Generals Damremont and Bugeaud on them	680

Conference of AbdelKader and General Bugeaud	681

Terms of the treaty of La Tafna ib 118 Universal indignation at the treaty in France	682

Preparations for the expedition against Constantine	683

Arrival of the army before Constantine and commencement of the siege ib 121 Progress of the siege	685

Reason of the rigour of revolutionary governments	687

Lasting ascendant now gained by the Cross over the Crescent	688

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History of Europe: From the Fall of Napoleon, in 1815, to the ..., Том 5
Archibald Alison
Повний перегляд - 1856

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Загальні терміни та фрази

affairs agitation Antwerp appeared Armand Carrel arms army assemblies Austria Bavaria Berlin bill Blanc brought Cabinet Catholic cause CHAP character Charles X charming circumstances Citizen King classes Confederacy confédération constitution danger declared Diet drama effect England entirely established Europe excited federacy Federal feelings force formed France freedom French genius German Confederacy German literature Germany Goethe Hist human ideas immense important influence inhabitants insurgents insurrection interests Ireland June King King of Prussia labour liberal literature Lord Lord Althorpe Louis Philippe Lyons Madame de Staël manner Marshal Soult measures Mehemet Ali ment military mind Ministers monarchy Moniteur national guard never noble object Pacha Paris Parliament party passion peace period political principles provinces provincial estates Prussia Reform rendered revolution revolutionary secret society sovereign spirit thought tion tithes troops union universal victory whole workmen XXIX XXVII XXXI

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Назва	History of Europe: From the Fall of Napoleon, in 1815, to the Accession of Louis Napoleon, in 1852, Том 5 History of Europe: From the Fall of Napoleon, in 1815, to the Accession of Louis Napoleon, in 1852, Archibald Alison
Автор	Archibald Alison
Видавець	W. Blackwood and Sons, 1856
Оригінал із	Каліфорнійський університет
Оцифровано	19 трав. 2010

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