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XXII. The diphthong ou (= ȧ-00), as in bound, is represented also by ow (crowd). XXIII.—The sounds of ġ in gem, of g in get, of s in so, of § in waş, of ç in cell, of e in eat, of ch in child, of eh in ehorus, of çh in machine, of x in ox (ks), of x in exact (ğz), of n in no, of n in concord (kongkord), of th in thing, of th in the, are marked, when marked, as here indicated.

XXIV. The sound of f is represented by ph (philosopher) in many words, and by gh (cough) in a few words. The sound of v is represented by f in of, and ph (Stephen) in a few words. The sound of sh is represented by c (oceanic), s (nauseate), t (negotiation), ce (ocean), ci (social), seo (nauseous), si (tension), ti (captious), çh (çhaise), sc (conscientious), sch (schorl), sci (conscience). xi = ksh_in_noxious, x = ksh in luxury, ssh in sure; zh is represented by si (fusion), zi (grazier), s (symposium), ti (transition), ssi (abscission), g (rouge); z = zh in azure.

B. Table of Sounds represented by Letters and Combinations.

1. a-eight sounds: ale, ǎt, älms, ask, câre, all, was, any (ě). 2. e-eight sounds: ēve, mět, thêre, her, eight, sergeant (ä), liar (e), pretty (1).

3. i-four sounds: ice, it, fatigue, fir.

4. o-eight sounds: nōte, nôr, not, move, wolf, work (t), son,

women (1).

5. u-seven sounds: use, but, rude, pull, fûr, busy (1), bury (ě). 6. y-three sounds: by, lyric, myrrh.

7. aa = â, ä; ae = ē, ĕ; ai = ã, â, ă, ĕ, ī, 1; ao = ã, a; au= ã, ä, a; ay = ā, â, ě, i; aye =ā.

a, ō; awa; awe

ē, Ĭ, ā; ei =

ā,

8. ea = ā, â, ä, ẽ, ě, ẽ; ee = â, ē, ě, ī, Ĭ; ey = ā, ē, i; eo = ē, ě, ō, ô, ù, ă; eu = ū; ew= ũ, Õ, ụ; eau= ō, ů; ewe = =ū; eye=i; eou = ŭ.

9. iaĬ, yă; ie = ẽ, ě, ì, ì, yě, yŭ; io = yō, yŭ, ŭ; iu = yu; ieu

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=ũ; iew =ũ; iou

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10. oa = ō, a; oe = ē, ě, ō, 00, ù; oi = oy, i, i, u, wä, wi, wỏ; œu =ụ; 00= 00, 00, õ, ù; ou=ow, a, ō, 0, 00, 00, ŭ, û; ow= ou, ō, Ŏ; oy = oi.

11. ua

=

= ă, ä, ũ, wã, wă, wä, wąạ, wo; ue= ē, ě, ẽ, wē, wě, ũ, ụ; ui =ī, Ĭ, ū, u, wi, wi, we, wē; uo= wō, wŎ; uy = wē, ē, ī; uay = ē, wā; uea = wē; uee= we; uoy woi.

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