Abortion, Aristotle, 48; Plato, 24
Absolute Hostility, Gumplowicz, 445;
Hobbes, 185-186; Ratzenhofer, 445
Academy, founding of, 9; Aristotle at,
32

Achievement, 382, 392; the data of
Sociology, 383

Adaptation, active and passive, 381; of
constitution to conditions, 312-314;
law of, 407, 408, 421 ff.; process of,
425; psychic, 286; social, 424; theory
of, 276

Age of Pericles, 5

Aggregation, distinguished from evolu-
tion, 359; law of, 360 ff.; principles
of, 367

Alexander, 32, 34, 62; relation to
Aristotle, 34-35

Alexandrian School, 77, 79

Analogy, Biological. See Social Organ-
ism

Ancestor-worship, 342-343
Anglicanism, 159, 178
Anthropogeny, 365

Anthropo-teleological Progress, 382
Applied Sociology, defined, 392-393
Applied Sociology, 358

Aquinas, Thomas, 105, 434; biography
of, 108-109; social philosophy of,
109 ff.

Aristotle, III, 115, 193, 206, 207, 229,
267, 307, 394; biography of, 33-34;
contrasted with Plato, 51-52; phys-
ical characteristics of, 33; reference,
150; scientific views of, 33-34; so-
cial philosophy of, 35 ff.; writings
of, 35

Art, function of, 18

Artificial, superiority over natural, 381
Athenian Civilization, 4, 58
Athens, conditions in, 4

Athletes, food tabus for, 19; training
of, 20

Augburg Confession, 159
Austria, conditions in, 432-434

Bagehot, Walter, 287, 316, 405, 435;
biography of, 279-280; reference,
305, 353, 430; social theory of, 279
ff., 405 ff.

Baldwin, J. M., reference, 430

Biologic Factors, Aristotle, 52; Spen-
cer, 344 ff;
Vico, 210; Ward,
362 ff.

Boas, Franz, reference, 72
Bodenhofer, W. B., reference, 398
Bodin, Jean, III, 210, 218, 231, 267, 317,
434; biography of, 165-166; social
philosophy of, 166 ff.

Bogardus, E. S., reference, 93, 124,
150, 205, 235, 266, 299, 358, 431
Boniface, conflict with Philip the Fair,
126

Booth, A. J., quoted, 241, 242
Brinton, D. G., reference, 93
Bristol, L. M., quoted, 450; reference,
353, 399, 430, 466

Brotherhood of Man, 58, 68, 82, 83, 85,
206

Brunches, J., reference, 176
Bryce, Jas., quoted, 101

Buckle, T. H., 45, III, 317; reference,
54, 176, 234

Burnet, J., quoted, 9
Bury, J. B., quoted, 88-89

Cake of Custom, 282, 407
Calvin, John, biography of, 159; social
philosophy of, 161 ff.
Capital, 293, 299

Carlyle, A. J., quoted, 67, 71
Carver, T. N., reference, 176
Castle, W. E., reference, 305
Catholics, persecution of, 178
Causation, concepts of scientific, Bodin,
physical, 170 ff.; Montesquieu, physi-
cal, 218 ff.; Polybius, emphasis on,
64; Spencer, principles of, 330;
Ward, physical and psychic, 396
Cerebral Physiology, 251
Champernowne, H., reference, 151
Charlemagne, 97, 101, 104, 119
Cheyney, E. P. quoted, 179; reference,
205

Children, communism of, 23; training
of, 18

Chivalry, 103

Christian Fathers, 70, 90
Christianity, 60, 68, 79; a state religion,
88, 95, 99; ecclesiastical development
of, 98; effects of climate on, 223;
expansion into Western Europe, 96;
genesis of, 85; moral revolution of,
84, 206; persecution of, 87, 88; so-
cial philosophy of, 73 ff., 85 ff.
Church, The, conflict over taxation,

126; conflict with State, 105 ff.; dig-
nity impaired, 127; ecclesiastical de-
velopment in, 98; feudal organiza-
tion of, 154; internal weakness of,
154; priority of, 113; schism in, 127;
supremacy over State, 112; univer-
sal, 125

Church Councils, Constance, 126;
Lyons, 109; Nicea, 126; Pisa, 126;
Trent, 163

Church, W. R., quoted, 120

Cicero, biography of, 65; social phi-
losophy of, 66 ff.
City-State, 3, 6, 7, 57

Civic life, Greek idea of, 6

Civil Government, 181; analysis of,
187 ff., 195 ff.

Civilization, artificial structure of, 314;
determinism in regard to, 315; de-
velopment from man's latent capa-
bilities, 316; evolution of, 212, 242
Class Conflict, between Church and
State, 206 ff.; Marx's Theory of, 293,
294 ff., 301; Gumplowicz's theory of,
443 ff.

Classical Economists, 209

Classification, a process of Science,
443

Climate, social effects of, Aristotle, 46;
Bodin, 171 ff.; Montesquieu, 218 ff.;
and domestic slavery, 222-224; and
political slavery, 224-225; and Reli-
gion, 225-226; and slavery, 220-222;
and sobriety, 219

Commercial Revolution, 153, 209
Commonwealth, English, 179, 183, 202
Communist Manifesto, 292, 298
Communism, Plato's Theory of, 20-24;
Aristotle's attack on, 42-45; modi-
fied in The Laws, 25; primitive, 70
Community of property, 21; of wives
and children, 22

Comte, August, 212, 307, 315, 336, 350,
407, 423; biography of, 243-244; esti-
mate of, by Ward, 262; indebtedness
to Coudorcet, 240; indebtedness to
Saint-Simon, 241; quoted, 230-231,
240; reference, 264; social philosophy
of, 245 ff.

Conation, defined, 384; ends of human,
385 ff.
Condorcet, M. de, 212, 272; biography
of, 238-239; estimate of, by Comte,
240; quoted, 273; social philosophy
of, 239-240

Conflict Theories, Bodin, 167; Gum-
plowicz and Ratzenhofer, 434, 445
Conklin, E. G., reference, 264
Constantine, 88, 95, 119

Conybeare, F. C., reference, 93
Cooley, C. H., quoted, 350-351; refer-
ence, 54, 354, 430

Cosmic Philosophy, Outlines of, 284;
analysis of, 284 ff.

Cournot, A. A., quoted, 404-405
Creative Synthesis, 369; applied to
filiation of sciences, 371; applied to
realm of forces, 372; applied to so-
cial mind, 371-372; defined, 370
Critique of Political Economy, 292,

Dante Alighieri, 434; biography of,
114-115; social philosophy of, 115 ff.
Darwin, Charles, 212, 256, 280, 283,
284, 287, 291, 294, 300, 301, 307, 316,
421, 435, 449; biography of, 274-275;
evolutionary theory of, 275 ff.; ref-
erence, 305

Data of Ethics, 349

Davis, M. M., quoted, 247, 405, 417,
427-428; reference, 353
Dealey, J. Q., quoted, 378-379
Deistic Philosophy, 209

Desire, as a social force, see Feeling
De Monarchia, 147; analysis of,
115 ff.

Descent of Man, The, 275, 278, 279,
283

Determinism, Gumplowicz, scientific,
445, 448, 452; Marx, economic, 299,
300; Spencer, in social evolution, 315
Dexter, E. G., reference, 234
Diet of Worms, 157-158

Dinsmore, C. A., quoted, 114, 120-121
Direct Method, inferior to indirect,
381
Discourse on Inequality, analysis of on
State of Nature, 190-192, 200

Ghibellinism, 107, 115, 120
Ghost Theory of Religion, Spencer's,
339 ff.; evaluated by Ward, 343
Giddings, F. H., 54, 63, 212; quoted,
27-28, 30, 146, 147, 229, 279-280, 283,
287, 291, 311, 347-348, 394; reference,
30, 54, 150

Goddard, H. H., reference, 264, 398
Godwin, Wm., quoted, 272

Golden Age, Bodin, 167; Dante, 117;
Seneca, 69

Goldenweisser, A. A., reference, 306,
353

Government, Aquinas, natural sphere
of, 111, 115; Aristotle, origin in hu-
man nature, 38, 40; origin in the
family, 39; Bodin, origin of, 167;
revolutions in, 169-170; Calvin,
functions of, 159-160; Comte, spon-
taneous origin of, 257; Dante, cor-
relative power with Church, 115,
120; divine right of, 117; Hobbes,
irrevocable, 195, 200, 201; origin in
covenant, 192 ff.; Locke, ends of,
198; dissolution of, 198; limited
powers of, 198, 200; origin in social
contract, 195 ff.; Plato, origin in
human need, 13; Rousseau, origin in
compact, 198 ff.; right of revolution
in, 200; Spencer, proper sphere of,
314

Great Man Theory, 333

Greece, Conditions in, 3 ff., 31 ff., 55
Greek Civilization, 4 ff., 31 ff., 55, 289
Gregariousness, instincts of, 110, 284
Group Conflict, Theory of, 445 ff.
Group Factors, 381, 283

Group Phenomena, Gumplowicz, analy-
sis of, 445 ff.; Gumplowicz and Rat-
zenhofer, 440-442

Guardians, communism of, 21-22; na-
ture and functions of, 15; training
of, 18, 20; wives of, 23-24
Guelphs, 107, 114, 115, 128
Gumplowicz, Ludwig, 167, 400, 434;
biography of, 436-437; points of
agreement with Ratzenhofer, 438 ff.;
points of difference with Ratzen-
hofer, 440 ff.; social theory of,
443 ff.

Gymnastics, 49, 50; a part of educa-
tion, 18

Gynæcocentric Theory, 375 ff.

Hall, T. C., reference, 93
Hallam, Henry, quoted, 166, 174, 231-
232

Happiness, Spencer, conditions of, 315;
dependent on external conditions,

Spencer, 327; Ward, 361

of the,

Household, composition of, 39; man-
agement of, 40

Howard, G. E., quoted, 162; reference,
177

Human Brotherhood, 7, 58, 60, 68, 82,
85

Humanists, 152, 154

Hume, David, 184, 269; social theory
of, 269

Huntington, E., reference, 176, 234
Huss, John, 127, 153, 156

Imitation, Theory of, Bagehot, 405 ff.;
Cournot, 404-405; Tarde, basis of
social life, 415; extra-logical laws
of, 415-416; logical laws of, 413-415;
social process of, 412

Indirect method, superiority over di-
rect, 381

Individual Ascendancy, Epicureanism,
62; Ratzenhofer, 460; Tarde, 426
Individualization, 454, 455
Indulgences, 152

Industrial Revolution, 153, 209, 237,
238, 268, 292, 328

Inequality, human, 41

Infancy, prolongation of, 285, 287
Insanity, definition of, 252

Institutes of the Christian Religion,
analysis of, 159-160

Intellect, The, Comte, stages in de-
velopment of, 245 ff.; Condorcet,
progress of human, 239; Kidd,
limits to the development of, 289;