Principles of Political Economy, with Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy, Том 1D. Appleton, 1896 |
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Сторінка 10
... soil , a law of diminishing return in proportion to the increased application of labour and capital , 3. Antagonist principle to the law of diminishing return ; the progress of improvements in production , • 229 · 230 235 CHAPTER XIII ...
... soil , a law of diminishing return in proportion to the increased application of labour and capital , 3. Antagonist principle to the law of diminishing return ; the progress of improvements in production , • 229 · 230 235 CHAPTER XIII ...
Сторінка 14
... soil , rent , or profit ? 6. Rent does not enter into the cost of production of agricul- tural produce , . BOOK III . 525 • . 531 EXCHANGE . CHAPTER I. Of Value . 1. Preliminary remarks , 535 • 2. Definitions of Value in Use , Exchange ...
... soil , rent , or profit ? 6. Rent does not enter into the cost of production of agricul- tural produce , . BOOK III . 525 • . 531 EXCHANGE . CHAPTER I. Of Value . 1. Preliminary remarks , 535 • 2. Definitions of Value in Use , Exchange ...
Сторінка 30
... soil , produce so great a surplus of food beyond their necessary consumption , as to support any large class of labourers engaged in other departments of industry . The surplus , too , whether small or great , is usually torn from the ...
... soil , produce so great a surplus of food beyond their necessary consumption , as to support any large class of labourers engaged in other departments of industry . The surplus , too , whether small or great , is usually torn from the ...
Сторінка 34
... soil the utmost which they knew how to make it yield ; and when their soil was sterile , or after they had reached the limit of its capacity , they often became traders , and bought up the productions of foreign countries , to sell them ...
... soil the utmost which they knew how to make it yield ; and when their soil was sterile , or after they had reached the limit of its capacity , they often became traders , and bought up the productions of foreign countries , to sell them ...
Сторінка 35
... while the cultivators of the soil were slaves , or small tenants in a nearly servile condition . From this time the wealth of the empire progressively declined . In the beginning , the public PRELIMINARY REMARKS . 35.
... while the cultivators of the soil were slaves , or small tenants in a nearly servile condition . From this time the wealth of the empire progressively declined . In the beginning , the public PRELIMINARY REMARKS . 35.
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Загальні терміни та фрази
Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount applied bricklayers capitalist causes circulating capital condition considerable consumed consumption cultivation dealers degree demand diminished division of labour duction ductive effect employment England equivalent exertion exist expense farmer farms favourable Flanders flax France funds greater habits human hundred quarters ical idle class improvement income increase individual industry instruments instruments of production Ireland kind labour employed labouring classes land landlord less limited maintain mankind manufactures manure material means ment metayer mode nations natural agents necessary objects obtained occupation operations paid peasant persons plough Political Economy population portion possession present principle productive labour productive power profit proportion proprietors purpose quantity remuneration render rent require rich saving society soil subsistence sufficient supply suppose surplus taxes things thousand tion unless unproductive velvet wages wants wealth whole workmen
Популярні уривки
Сторінка 245 - A greater number of people cannot, in any given state of civilization, be collectively so well provided for as a smaller. The niggardliness of nature, not the injustice of society, is the cause of the penalty attached to overpopulation. An unjust distribution of wealth does not aggravate the evil, but, at most, causes it to be somewhat earlier felt. It is in vain to say that all mouths which the increase of mankind calls into existence bring with them hands.
Сторінка 355 - Give a man the secure possession of a bleak rock, and he will turn it into a garden ; give him a nine years' lease of a garden, and he will convert it into a desert.
Сторінка 166 - ... the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many.
Сторінка 164 - ... performed two or three distinct operations. But though they were very poor, and therefore but indifferently accommodated with the necessary machinery, they could, when they exerted themselves, make among them about twelve pounds of pins in a day.
Сторінка 295 - sacredness of property " is talked of, it should always be remembered, that any such sacredness does not belong in the same degree to landed property. No man made the land. It is the original inheritance of the whole species. Its appropriation is wholly a question of general expediency. When private property in land is not expedient, it is unjust.
Сторінка 268 - ... if this, or Communism, were the alternative, all the difficulties, great or small, of Communism, would be but as dust in the balance.
Сторінка 471 - ... first, the agreeableness or disagreeableness of the employments themselves ; secondly, the easiness and cheapness, or the difficulty and expense of learning them ; thirdly, the constancy or inconstancy of employment in them ; fourthly, the small or great trust which must be reposed in those who exercise them ; and fifthly, the probability or improbability of success in them.
Сторінка 267 - If, therefore, the choice were to be made between Communism with all its chances, and the present state of society with all its sufferings and injustices; if the institution of private property necessarily carried with it as a consequence, that the produce of labour should be apportioned as we now see it, almost in an inverse ratio to the labour...
Сторінка 165 - But if they had all wrought separately and independently, and without any of them having been educated to this peculiar business, they certainly could not each of them have made twenty, perhaps not one pin in a day...
Сторінка 473 - A mason or bricklayer, on the contrary, can work neither in hard frost nor in foul weather, and his employment at all other times depends upon the occasional calls of his customers. He is liable, in consequence, to be frequently without any. What he earns, therefore, while he is employed, must not only maintain him while he is idle, but make him some compensation for those anxious and desponding moments which the thought of so precarious a situation must sometimes occasion.