the lower classes. If the former would interest themselves more in this kind of work, there is, in my mind, a certainty that Sunday-school work would increase.

Still the Sunday-schools are increasing, in the State churches as well as in the free churches, though many find them not so necessary in Germany as, for instance, in the United States. This is due to the difference in the public school system. In Germany the attendance at school is compulsory, and religious instruction obligatory. Thus, every child receives a certain kind of religious instruction. Sometimes this is more harmful than beneficial. Still it is often urged as a reason why attendance at Sunday-school is not so necessary. In very many instances it would be far better if no such instruction were given, for with the liberal and, indeed, unchristian ideas, they alienate the children from the Church rather than lead them into the Church. They are, therefore, not wanting who would rather see religious teaching banished from the schools than have it given by such instructors.

The

If I am to say now how the Sunday-schools of other countries can help the Sunday-school work in Germany, as Dr. Bailey has requested me to do, I am at a loss what to say. One way in which this might be done effectually, is, what the Sunday-school Union has been doing for above twenty years now, by appointing and aiding enthusiastic Sunday-school missionaries. The Union has assisted in supporting one for the dissenting churches; what it has done for the State churches I have not been able to find out. only publication available was that of Dr. Dalton and he gives no information upon this point. But I presume that no missionary was supported for them. What is this one missionary for the sixty millions of people? Four instead of one would be none too many. These would have to be supported, however, entirely by the Sunday-schools in England and America, since the persons found in our churches and who labor in the Sunday-schools are usually

not rich in this world's goods and would be entirely unable to raise the salary of a missionary. It would, indeed have been impossible to maintain the one had not the Sunday School Union so nobly and effectually assisted the Free Church Sunday-school Union of Germany.

One thing I am certain could be done with very little or no expense, namely, to visit these schools occasionally. Our English and American friends often come to Europe, but it is rarely that one enters a small Sunday-school held in some hidden or out of the way place. If those who are enthusiastic Sunday-school workers when at home would inquire for Sunday-schools and then visit them when abroad, they would do much to encourage those working in them. Brethren and sisters, Sunday-school workers, there are Sunday-schools now in most towns and cities. Inquire for them. You will certainly find some one able to give you the information you want concerning them and then visit them, encourage them, though the school may be small, and you will have done something to help the work in Germany.

If assistance could be rendered in preparing the Sundayschool force and better qualifying them for their work, it would help to further the cause. Sunday-school Institutes held in various parts of Germany would be beneficial and conducive of good results. But these are expensive, not so much by what is paid to the instructors, for this is indeed a very paltry sum, but those attending them, or who should attend them, cannot afford to spend a week or two in attending a Sunday-school Institute and pay for their living while they at the same time lose their wages. If something could be done by way of substantial, regular and steady help, something would be done to make the average teachers better equipped for their work.

Pastor Kaiser:

I am grateful to the Lord that I found time and occasion for taking part in this large Sunday School World Con

vention; as I saw the delegates of the various countries and lands yesterday, gathered together in peace and harmony before my spiritual eyes the elders in the book of the Revelatoin were standing, as they sing the new song praising the Lamb that was slain among the redeemed out of every kindred and tongue and people and nation. What a wonderful moment it will be when all people of our Lord, from every part of the world, will meet in the new Jerusalem before the throne of our Heavenly Father.

We in Germany have also to offer praise for what the Lord has done in the Sunday-school work. We have about 8,000 Sunday-schools with about 1,000,000 children. During the last two years, in several regions of our country, we have had spiritual movements, and new schools have been established and many old schools have increased in number, and multitudes of children have been brought to a closer communion with Jesus. Many of our Sundayschool teachers have realized that they need more power from on high, and a greater ability for teaching and training the children; and many are making good progress with regard to decided Christianity, and in studying plans and methods for better teaching.

In comparison with the large countries, the big towns and manufacturing places, our Sunday-school work is still small; much remains to be done; our Sunday-school work is not on the same scale as that of England or America; there are several reasons for this:

I. We began later with our Sunday-school work than the English and the Americans. Sunday-schools as we have them now were established about eighty years ago.

2. The free churches, the Baptists and Methodists, took up the work at first and pushed it on where they could; but they met many difficulties and obstacles. A great number of pastors and learned people in the Evangelical Church opposed the work 3. Many thought: We are in the land of Luther and of the Reformation; and Luther has shown

us how to teach the Bible in our schools, we need no Sundayschools; others said, we have a lot of great men philosophers, theologians, doctors and teachers; we may not take over arrangements and things from England and America; we have a more thorough science also with regard to the Bible than any other nation; we are convinced that all others have to learn from us a good deal more than we have to learn from them. The Sunday-school work is a foreign plant, not fit for the German ground and culture and, therefore, we do not want schools, and so on.

4. Without this we had to fight with indifferentism, superstition, materialism; and wickedness in its many forms and ways. And many professors and teachers at universities and schools deny the foundation truths of Christianity, laying aside much of the Holy Scripture as not inspired words of God; several of them think the prophets, apostles, and even Jesus himself had been narrow-minded

men.

5. Further, a great many of our Sunday-school workers are not as fit for the work as they should be; they need more spiritual power and greater ability to teach and influence the children. Nevertheless, the work is getting on in our land; and a great many of our Evangelical pastors have done all that they could in order to push on the work; and they have had much success; the names of these men are: Prorknow, Dalton, Tismeyer, Faulerk, Count Bernstorf, and others.

The Sunday-school work of the free churches has been carried on with much zeal and energy; as their field was much smaller than that of the State Church and as they were opposed from many sides, it was very difficult to extend the borders; nevertheless, they succeeded in their undertakings; they have about 2,000 Sunday-schools and 100,000 children.

I am travelling as missionary in connection with the Sunday School Union in London, and a German committee.

During the last seven years I visited about 1,000 Sundayschools and addressed about 1,000,000 children and grown people in Sunday-schools, conferences, and meetings. My main work was teacher-training. The subjects I dealt with were: the Sunday-school teacher, what he should be and what he should know. The child, its nature and inward development; the mental and moral powers; the thinking, the feelings, and the will, and how we are to influence the children in our teaching and training; and thirdly, the Bible; how we are to deal with the doctrinal and historical passages of the Scriptures. I have done my work with weakness and faults, but I trust it will not be in vain.

Greece

BY THE REV. DR. DEMETRIUS KALOPOTHAKIS

After all the stirring reports which we have already heard from this platform, it is with some diffidence that I bring you my message from Greece. The Evangelical cause in Greece is but small and slow of growth; we are but a small outpost as compared to the great camps of the Master's army in other parts of the world.

Doubtless there are some here to-day who visited Athens, in 1904, on their way to Jerusalem, and who will remember that "upper room" opposite the Arch of Hadrian, where they saw the little Sunday-school gathering and addressed a few words of cheer to our workers and our children. You will be glad to hear that since then another Sunday-school has been started in another part of the town, where members of our congregation gather in such children as would not set foot in an Evangelical church; and this mission Sundayschool has nearly double the number of scholars, and is steadily growing.

Probably some of you know something of the peculiar difficulties of gospel work in Greece. As our brother from Belgium said yesterday, in speaking of his own land, we have to deal on the one side with superstition, and on the other