CHAPTER LXV.

HIS

ELEVATION OF TIMOUR OR TAMERLANE TO THE THRONE OF SAMARCAND.

CONQUESTS IN PERSIA, GEORGIA, TARTARY, RUSSIA, INDIA, SYRIA, AND ANA-

TOLIA. HIS TURKISH WAR. DEFEAT AND CAPTIVITY OF BAJAZET.

DEATH OF TIMOUR. CIVIL WAR OF THE SONS OF BAJAZET. -RESTORATION

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OF THE TURKISH MONARCHY BY MAHOMET THE FIRST. -SIEGE OF CONSTA

TINOPLE BY AMURATH THE SECOND.

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CHAPTER LXVI

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VISITS TO THE

APPLICATIONS OF THE EASTERN EMPERORS TO THE POPES.
WEST OF JOHN THE FIRST, MANUEL, AND JOHN THE SECOND, PALÆOLOGUS.
UNION OF THE GREEK AND LATIN CHURCHES PROMOTED BY THE COUNCIL
OF BASIL, AND CONCLUDED AT FERRARA AND FLORENCE. STATE OF LITE-
ITS REVIVAL IN ITALY BY THE GREEK

RATURE AT CONSTANTINOPLE.

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CURIOSITY AND EMULATION OF THE LATINS.

FUGITIVES.

SCHISM OF THE GREEKS AND LATINS.

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REIGN AND CHARACTER OF AMURATH

THE SECOND. CRUSADE OF LADISLAUS KING OF HUNGARY. -HIS DEFEAT

AND DEATH.

LOGUS, LAST EMPEROR OF THE EAST.

JOHN HUNIADES.

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SCANDERBEG.

CONSTANTINE PALEO-

SIEGE, ASSAULT, AND

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DEATH OF CONSTAN

EXTINCTION OF THE

REIGN AND CHARACTER OF MAHOMET THE SECOND.

FINAL CONQUEST OF CONSTANTINOPLE BY THE TURKS,

TINE PALÆOLOGUS. SERVITUDE OF THE GREEKS.

ROMAN EMPIRE IN THE EAST. CONSTERNATION OF EUROPE.

AND DEATH OF MAHOMET THE SECOND.

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Character of Mahomet II. 143

1451-1481. His Reign

1452. He builds a Fortress on the

Bosphorus

The Turkish War

1452, 1453. Preparations for the

Siege of Constantinople.

The Great Cannon of Ma-

homet

1453. Mahomet II. forms the Siege

of Constantinople

165

167

168

171

Distress of the City

Preparations of the Turks

for the general Assault. 166

Last Farewell of the Em-

peror and the Greeks.

The general Assault.

Death of the Emperor Con-

stantine Paleologus

Loss of the City and

Empire

The Turks enter and pillage

Constantinople.

Captivity of the Greeks. . 173

Amount of the Spoil... 174

Mahomet II. visits the City,

St. Sophia, the Palace, &c. 176

His Behaviour to the Greeks 177

He repeoples and adorns

Constantinople . . . . 178

Extinctica of the Imperial

Families of Comnenus

and Palæologus.

145

150

152

STATE OF ROME FROM THE TWELFTH CENTURY. TEMPORAL DOMINION OF

THE POPES. SEDITIONS OF THE CITY. POLITICAL HERESY OF ARNOLD OF

BRESCIA. RESTORATION OF THE REPUBLIC. THE SENATORS. PRIDE OF

THE ROMANS. THEIR WARS. THEY ARE DEPRIVED OF THE ELECTION

AND PRESENCE OF THE POPES, WHO RETIRE TO AVIGNON.· -THE JUBILEE.

NOBLE FAMILIES OF ROME. FEUD OF THE COLONNA AND URSINI.

CHARACTER AND CORONATION OF PETRARCH. RESTORATION OF THE FREEDOM

AND GOVERNMENT OF ROME BY THE TRIBUNE RIENZI. -HIS VIRTUES AND

VICES, HIS EXPULSION AND DEATH. RETURN OF THE POPES FROM AVIGNON.

- GREAT SCHISM OF THE WEST. - REUNION OF THE LATIN CHURCH.

STRUGGLES OF ROMAN LIBERTY. -STATUTES OF ROME. -FINAL SETTLE

MENT OF THE ECCLESIASTICAL STATE.

-LAST

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PROSPECT OF THE RUINS OF ROME IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY.

EXAMPLE OF THE COLISEUM.

CONCLUSION OF THE WHOLE WORK.

OF DECAY AND DESTRUCTION.

OF THE CITY.

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FOUR CAUSES

RENOVATION

270

And Consecration of the Co-

271

liseum

284

271

Inundations

II. The hostile Attacks of

the Barbarians and

Christians

III. The Use and Abuse of