The Scientific Evidences of Organic EvolutionMacmillan and Company, 1882 - 88 стор. |
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Сторінка 12
... hand , it would be proof presumptive of natural selection if it could be shown that one species becomes slowly transmuted into another - i.e . , that one set of adaptations may be gradually transformed into another set of adaptations ...
... hand , it would be proof presumptive of natural selection if it could be shown that one species becomes slowly transmuted into another - i.e . , that one set of adaptations may be gradually transformed into another set of adaptations ...
Сторінка 30
... hands more like our own ; but in . an extinct species of flying reptile the modifica- tion was extreme , the wing having ... hand and arm have disappeared altogether . Thus , even if we confine our attention to a single structure , how ...
... hands more like our own ; but in . an extinct species of flying reptile the modifica- tion was extreme , the wing having ... hand and arm have disappeared altogether . Thus , even if we confine our attention to a single structure , how ...
Сторінка 34
... hand , present it as a most significant fact , that , while within the limits of the same large branch of the tree of life we constantly find the same typical structures modified so as to perform very different functions , we never find ...
... hand , present it as a most significant fact , that , while within the limits of the same large branch of the tree of life we constantly find the same typical structures modified so as to perform very different functions , we never find ...
Сторінка 40
... hand , the theory of special creation can only maintain that these rudiments are formed for the sake of adhering to an ideal type . Now , here again the former theory is triumphant over the latter ; for , without waiting to dispute the ...
... hand , the theory of special creation can only maintain that these rudiments are formed for the sake of adhering to an ideal type . Now , here again the former theory is triumphant over the latter ; for , without waiting to dispute the ...
Сторінка 59
... hand , stand on a deeply submerged bank nearly 1,000 fathoms in depth , and here we find American forms , but the species , and even the genera , are distinct . As the amount of modi- fication which animals of all kinds undergo partly ...
... hand , stand on a deeply submerged bank nearly 1,000 fathoms in depth , and here we find American forms , but the species , and even the genera , are distinct . As the amount of modi- fication which animals of all kinds undergo partly ...
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Загальні терміни та фрази
adaptive modification adduced anatomical feature apes aquatic argument from geology become branches branchiæ cause classification crocodile Crown 8vo Darwin Deity descent with adaptive doctrine of evolution embryology evidence in favour F.R.S. Illustrated fact favour of organic fish five toes fossil species frogs Galapagos Archipelago genera geological hereditary descent highly organised hypothesis ideal type instance instincts intelligent design limbs lines of evidence logical mammals Mivart natural selection natural theologians newts numberless observed oceanic islands organic evolution organic nature organic types Origin of Species phenomena plants and animals porpoise present Professor Huxley quadrumana quadrupeds inhabiting reason resemble rudi rudiment rudimentary scientific classification Sir JOHN LUBBOCK special creation theory special creationists special design specially created species of plants specific type supernatural design suppose teleology theory of descent theory of design theory of evolution theory of natural tion transmutation of species typical structures vertebrata vertebrate whale whole
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Сторінка 3 - natural selection." Nature, so to speak, selects the best individuals out of each gen'eration to live. And not only so, but as these favored individuals transmit their favorable qualities to their offspring, according to the fixed laws of heredity, it follows that the individuals composing each successive generation have a general tendency to be better suited to their surroundings than were their forefathers. And this follows, not...
Сторінка 76 - ... conceivable supposition that every species of Rhinoceros and every species of Hyaena, in the long succession of forms between the Miocene and the present species, was separately constructed out of dust, or out of nothing, by supernatural power; but until I receive distinct evidence of the fact, I refuse to run the risk of insulting any sane man by supposing that he seriously holds such a notion.
Сторінка 61 - as the white man's rat has driven away the native rat, so the European fly drives away our own ; and as the clover kills our fern, so will the Maori disappear before the white man himself.
Сторінка 49 - A second great fact which strikes us in our general review is, that barriers of any kind, or obstacles to free migration, are related in a close and important manner to the differences between the productions of various regions.
Сторінка 39 - Throughout the animal and vegetable kingdoms we constantly meet with organs which are the dwarfed and useless representatives of organs which, in other and allied kinds of animals and plants, are of large size and functional utility. Thus, for instance, the unborn whale has rudimentary teeth, which are never destined to cut the gums ; and we all know that our own rudimentary tail is of no practical service. Now, rudimentary organs of this kind are of such 1 This consideration is, I believe, original.
Сторінка 3 - That is to say, in every generation of every species a great many more individuals are born than can possibly survive; so that there is in consequence a perpetual battle for life going on among all the constituent individuals of any given generation.
Сторінка 41 - Now, is it a worthy conception of Deity that, while neglecting to maintain his unity of ideal in the case of nearly all the numerous species of snakes, he should have added a tiny rudiment in the case of the Python— and even in that case should have maintained his ideal very inefficiently, inasmuch as only two limbs, instead of four, are represented...