Labor Relations: Development, Structure, Process

action activities agree agreement arbitration areas Association bargaining unit behavior benefits campaign changes chapter clause collective bargaining commitment committee continue contract cooperation costs Court decisions demand determine differences economic effect election employees employment established evidence example exist federal firms gaining given grievance higher impasse important improve increase individual Industrial and Labor Industrial Relations influence interest International involved issues Journal Labor Relations Review less lower major Mediation membership ment Michigan negotiations NLRB nonunion occur officers operations organizing outcomes participation parties percent performance period plant political position practice present problems procedures production programs rates reduced relatively representation represented Research result rules sector seniority settlement SOURCE strike structure suggests supervisors Table tion union usually vote wage workers