ample for the rest of the pupils. I have spared no pains to teach you the principles of correct action. I believe, aye, I know you are truthful. You know what it is to equivocate, and yet, I am happy to know that you have not learned to do so. You have heard vulgarity and profanity in the streets, and from children with whom you have played, and yet you are free from the use of it. You go now among boys and girls who may not have had the care and attention bestowed upon them that you have. Your mother will not be there to watch the influence of all the novelties, and warn you of the dangerous ones.

You may hear improper language; you may see queer actions, some may be unfair in their play-they may deceive and prevaricate; others may be abusive if you do not enter into their sports; if you do not approve of all they do, they may be offended, and laugh you to scorn. You will not be entirely unprepared for this. They may call you cowards and ninnies, if you will not box or throw each other down. You will have thoughts and feelings after this which you have not had before; remember them. I hear that Miss Newcomb, who is to be your teacher, is a lady of experience, rare qualifications, and extraordinary refinement. I shall make her acquaintance very soon. From what I hear she will exact the strictest obedience, and upon the slightest misdemeanor. See to it, dear children, that you encourage her by perfect conduct, noiseless study, and ready attention. Remember her instructions of to-day. Retire now into your closets, ask God to guide you by the influence of his Holy Spirit to do what is right; watch yourselves closely, and this evening bring me a clear report.

Now a kiss-good bye-away to your closets, and then to school.

SALARIES OF FEMALE TEACHERS.*

"THE same amount of labor should be remunerated with the same amount of money, whether the work be performed by man or woman.” This sentiment has been most courteously forced upon me that I may present it in such a light as to place before your minds some thoughts for the consideration of the members of this Association. I am aware in so doing I am only bringing old truths to your remembrance; for the subject is one on which it would appear that every idea possible had been long since advanced. But, although it has been agitated, and so long

* Read before the Walworth County Teachers' Association, Dec. 27th, 1859.

agitated that both sides seem nearly, if not quite, threadbare, I conclude there must be some part-it may be in its very center-which has not: yet been reached, or you would not have desired its discussion here. Every enterprise or department of labor or trade should be remunerated in proportion to the amount of capital employed. This all will admit, and, therefore, it simply remains for me to apply it to my subject. We mention first the expenditure, in a monetary view, requisite to prepare persons to impart instruction, in a given degree, is the same in each individual case. Also, that the time necessary to the full development of those faculties of the mind which are absolutely essential to our improvement in any one thing, and without the proper expansion of which there can be no true teaching, must be equally long. Again, the labor expended in bodily toil, the closeness of application, rigor of discipline, and every other demand, must be dealt out under the same stern rule, let it fall on man or woman. If, as some claim, the weaker vessel doctrine be applicable to the mind of woman, it must, of necessity, require more capital of time, labor, and money to raise her to the position requisite to the performance of the equal amount of labor demanded. If this be true, that the same amount of outlay of money, time, and labor be demanded to prepare a woman for the work of teaching as to prepare a man, then most certainly ought she to receive equal remuneration.

It is a sentiment to which the heart of man responds in nearly every act of life, "that we recompense according to the good done." If I snatch a child from the flames, and thus save his life, although at the same time endangering my own, am I not deserving of as many thanks as hough I possessed the sterner qualities of a man? If, in any given instance, woman is deserving of as great an amount of gratitude as man, is she not as much entitled to an equal recompense where it is presented in a tangible form as material aid? This holds true in all cases, whether in the labor of the mind, or body, or both. Take, for example, teaching. Is not the same benefit derived by the pupil when the instruction is imparted by a woman, with all the gentleness and affection known only to her, as when by the coercive power of man ?

What is the true object of teaching? Is it not inciting to right action by eulture of right principles implanted in the mind and heart? The heart, which is the fountain from which emanates every desire, either of good or evil, must be reached. The cause of error must be removed before we begin to work against its offects. The seeds of vice and ignorance already germinated within the heart, must be eradicated, and in their place the tree of knowledge must be rooted and grounded, which shall produce the friuts of Virtue, Truth, and Justice. The mind is placed in the hands of teachers, "as clay in the potter's hands," and they mould it as they

will. They elevate it and expand its desires and capabilities to the capacities and enjoyments of an angel, or they destroy all that is good within it, and make it a demon. This can only be done by line upon line, precept upon precept, example upon example, by being in reality what we seem to be. We must be instant in season and out of season, never wearying of well doing.

That wo

Who more fitting to do this great work aright than woman? man can more effectually reach the heart than man, is granted by all. Let a man gain the affection of a child, to the very best of his abilitythere are chords which can be vibrated only by the gentle touch of woman; there are doors within their heart of hearts which are too sacred for the entrance of any save woman. If, then, woman is capable of doing the same amount of good, she ought to be remunerated accordingly. We ask not for woman's rights as they are loudly called for by some; we seek no admittance to your Halls of Congress, and Legislative bodies-such we leave for men to fill. But we not only ask, but demand that where we perform the same amount of labor that you do, we may be equally rewarded. Give us this and we are content to toil on in our noble work, and so educate the youth that we may speak through them; that we being dead may in and through them live. And we ask it as a right,-for, if the conclusions which have been drawn are true, then, in all Justice, woman should be remunerated the same as man for an equal amount of labor performed. LIZZIE BRADFORD.

THE QUIET SLUMBER.

Lay him gently to his rest;

Fold his pale hands on his breast;
From his brow-

O, how cold and marble fair

Softly part the tangled hair:

Look upon him now!

As a weary child he lies,

With the quiet, dreamless eyes,

O'er which the lashes darkly sweep,

And his lips the quiet smile

The soul's adieu to earthly strife

And on his face the deep repose
We never saw in life.

Peaceful be his rest, and deep:
Let him sleep.

No tears for him! he needs them not:
Along life's drear and toilsome road
Firmly his manly footsteps trode,
Striving to bear his weary lot,
With such a pride upon his brow,
With such a pain within his heart,
The firmness of a manly will

Vailing the secret smart.

O, it is well the strife is o'er,
That thus so peacefully he lies,
Unheeding now the bitter words,
The cold, unpitying eyes.

Fold his mantle o'er his breast;
Peaceful be his sleep, and blest:
Let him rest.

No sigh to breathe above his bier,
No tear to stain the marble brow;
Only with tender, pitying love,
Only with faith that looks above,
We gaze upon him now.
No thought of toil and suffering past-
But joy to think the task is done,
The heavy cross at last laid down,
The crown of glory won.

O, bear him gently to his rest-
O, gently heap the flowery sod,
And leave his body to the dust,

His spirit to his God.-Student and Schoolmate.

ESTHETIC EDUCATION.-III.

SOME OF ITS RESULTS.

Thus, in these random articles on art, have we endeavored to show, I., its unappreciated utility,* and II., the practicability† or the possibility of making it universally useful. In the present number we propose to pre-picture the possible results of universal æsthetic education.

*February No., 1859.

† June No., 1859.

There is a conceivable state of society in which humanity has its whole nature educated-all the powers developed to the greatest possible perfection. In this possible state of society the education of the innate faculty of enjoying the beautiful would not have been neglected. In such a community we could not say what art would be, but we think it would not be what it is at present,-full of the tricks and peccadillos of pseudo orators. In painting there will not be such a passion for old works, merely because they are old, not because they contain any "lost art," but are verily no better than the daubs the house-painters palm off as "originals." In sculpture we should have less of hideous and more of the loveable, and that in a less stilted style. In architecture-the natural outgrowth of beauty upon utility, and the only art, except music, cultivated to any extent in this country-there would not be so much ostentation, and so little real fitness. There would not be such utter disregard of the harmonies of form and color. Architects would not be so culpably ignorant of that architectural language which has been eliminated from the forms of nature by the toils of nations for ages,

"And graven in the rocks forever."

If they understood the language of their art, there would not be in rural architecture this perpetual discord and expensive war between nature and this art; in public architecture there would not be so much senseless ornamentation, and the true ornament would not be covered by broad, black, and glaring signs, which perform the same office for the street the showman did for the picture when he said: "This, ladies and gentlemen, is a picture of Daniel in the lion's den. Daniel may be easily distinguished from the lion by the green cotton umbrella he carries under his arm." Perhaps there is a necessity for these unarchitectural signs; they certainly perform the prime office of masks, showmen, and green cotton umbrellas. If so, they should be woven into the architecture so as to make a harmonious whole. In poetry, in music, in engraving, in dancing, in landscape-gardening, indeed, in all art, if art is all that elevates, refines, and ennobles the life. There would be less that is arbitrary, and more of the spirit of republican institutions--an exultant liberty.

,,I dream of all things free, of a gallant, gallant bark

That sweeps through storm and sea like an arrow to its mark;
Of a stag that o'er the hills goes bounding in its glee;

Of a thousand flashing rills-of all things glad and free.

My heart in chains is bleeding, and I dream of all things free."

We have said that art is the only universal language. It is not only so, but it is the only door left open to the minds of oppressed millions,