North African Jewry in the Twentieth Century: The Jews of Morocco, Tunisia, and Algeria

Передня обкладинка
NYU Press, 1994 - 400 стор.

Before widescale emigration in the early 1960s, North Africa's Jewish communities were among the largest in the world. Without Jewish emigrants from North Africa, Israel's dynamic growth would simply not have occured. North African Jews, also called Maghribi, strengthed the new Israeli state through their settlements, often becoming the victims of Arab-Israeli conflicts and terrorist attacks. Their contribution and struggles are, in many ways, akin to the challenges emigrants from the former Soviet Union are currently encountering in Israel. Today, these North African Jewish communities are a vital force in Israeli society and politics as well as in France and Quebec.
In the first major political history of North African Jewry, Michael Laskier paints a compelling picture of three Third World Jewish communities, tracing their exposure to modernization and their relations with the Muslims and the European settlers. Perhaps the most extraordinary feature of this volume is its astonishing array of primary sources. Laskier draws on a wide range of archives in Israel, Europe, and the United States and on personal interviews with former community leaders, Maghribi Zionists, and Jewish outsiders who lived and worked among North Africa's Jews to recreate the experiences and development of these communities.Among the subjects covered:
--Jewish conditions before and during colonial penetration by the French and Spanish;
--anti-Semitism in North Africa, as promoted both by European settlers and Maghribi nationalists;
--the precarious position of Jews amidst the struggle between colonized Muslims and European colonialists;
--the impact of pogroms in the 1930s and 1940s and the Vichy/Nazi menace;
--internal Jewish communal struggles due to the conflict between the proponents of integration, and of emigration to other lands, and, later, the communal self-liquidiation process;—the role of clandestine organizations, such as the Mossad, in organizing for self-defense and illegal immigration;—and, more generally, the history of the North African `aliyaand Zionist activity from the beginning of the twentieth century onward.
A unique and unprecedented study, Michael Laskier's work will stand as the definitive account of North African Jewry for some time.

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Зміст

Introduction
1
Chief Rabbi Serero
17
Ouezzan
29
Zionism Clandestine Emigration to Israel and
84
Sultan Muhammad V 69
91
Moroccan Jewish Emigrants in 1947
103
Jewish Schoolchildren and Their RabbiTeachers
112
Emigration to Israel in the Shadow of Moroccos Struggle
117
The Gulf of Alhucemas
229
Alex Gatmon
236
Moroccan Jews during Operation Yakhin
244
The AIUs Ecole Normale Hébraïque
252
Jewish
254
The Post
287
Algerian Jewrys
310
Conclusions
345

The Grande Arenas Transit Camp
136
International Jewish Organizations and the Aliya from
158
Political Developments among
186
Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser
206
The IsraeliDirected SelfDefense Underground
218
Notes
351
Bibliography
385
Index
391
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Michael Laskier served as the Executive Director of the International Sephardic Educational Center, and is currently a professor of history and political science at Ashqelon College of Bar-Ilan University and Beit Berl College in Israel. He is the author of The Jews of Egypt 1920-1970: In the Midst of Zionism, Anti-Semitism, and the Middle East Conflict, also published by NYU Press.

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