over 18 stone; in the field, including a one day's personal ration and a two days' forage ration (together a little over 1 stone), 20 stone. This is undoubtedly a very great weight, certainly too much to put on a horse, but it is not easy to reduce it. It, however, bears a favourable comparison with our own cavalry weights. Quoting from Sir Garnet Wolseley's figures in the Soldier's Pocket-book for Field Service,' we find the average weight carried by the dragoon-horse 19 stone 4 lbs.; the lancer, 19 stone 13 lbs.; the hussar, 20 stone, all exclusive of rations for man and horse, and allowing only 20 rounds of ammunition per man armed with the carbine.

Though the actual pay of the officer is small, his various allowances bring it up nearly to an equivalent with the pay of officers of our own cavalry.

The actual pay per annum, in the field and junior ranks, is as follows:

Every officer is entitled to furnished quarters in barracks; if the quarters are unfurnished, to a furniture allowance; if no quarters are available, to a lodging and furniture allowance.

The furniture for a field officer consists of bed and bedding complete, wardrobe, 2 chests of drawers, 6 tables, 12 chairs and a sofa; for a captain, bed and bedding complete, wardrobe, I chest of drawers, 4 tables, 4 chairs; for a subaltern, bed and bedding complete, wardrobe, 1 chest of drawers, 2 tables, and 4 chairs; every officer is also furnished with a looking-glass, a line of hooks for hanging up clothes, a washstand, and toilette set.

The furniture allowance, when unfurnished quarters are provided, is, for field officers 57., captains 37. 165., subalterns 27. 10s. per annum.

The money-equivalent, when no quarters are provided, varies, according to the class of town, from, for a colonel, 77% in Vienna to 187. in towns of the 8th class; lieutenant-colonel or major, 597. to 137. ; captain, 40l. to Iol.; subaltern, 267. to 67. per annum. Officers

are entitled to stabling for the number of private horses and carriages allowed by regulation, or draw a money equivalent. A colonel or lieutenant-colonel is allowed forage for 5, a major 4, a captain 3, and a subaltern 1, private horse (the subaltern's second

horse is a government charger); all officers of cavalry are granted an allowance of 31. per annum for each private horse, to keep up their horses, horse-furniture, &c.; and captains and subalterns receive also what is called the 'cavalry allowance' of 127. per annum. Every officer is entitled to a soldier-servant, or a money-equivalent of 97. 12s. per annum; the servants of regimental officers are clothed by government, those of field officers by their masters, who are allowed towards it an annual sum of 1l. 16s. There is a travelling allowance of 4s. per diem for field, 2s. for regimental, officers, when on duty; when marching with troops, a marching-allowance at half the above rates; when mobilised, the field-allowance is drawn on the same scale as the travelling-allowance.

When it is remembered that the Austrian officer has no deductions from his actual pay, no heavy extra expenses, has great facilities in purchasing horses, is generally quartered where living is cheap, and gets his uniform at a low rate of cost, his pecuniary position is not far different from that of the cavalry officer of this country.

As regards the men, the pay varies from 127. 15s. 6d., the annual pay of the senior non-commissioned officer, to 27. 4s., the annual pay of the private soldier; all ranks receive government rations of meat, vegetables, spice, &c., and a daily allowance of 2 lbs. of bread. They are completely clothed by government, and are allowed to buy tobacco from the government factories at a reduced price-about Id.

perlb. packet. There is a regular field and marching-allowance, and a scale of working and office-pay. On appointment to cadet rank, an allowance of 30s. is granted to provide the few extra articles of clothing and equipment, and, on promotion to commissioned rank, the officer's equipment allowance,' reckoned for hussars at 257, for dragoons and lancers at 20%.

There are cavalry-brigade-schools for the training of the subalterns, a central-cavalry-course for the more advanced training of the captains, all of whom are required to attend in turn, and qualification at which is indispensable for promotion, and finally the war-school. For the rank and file there are schools in the squadrons; for the training of non-commissioned officers, and to prepare candidates for admission to the military district cadet schools, a special school in each regiment; each regiment has also an officers' fencing school. Each squadron school gets an annual allowance from government of 24s.; the regimental non-commissioned officers', and preparatory, schools combined 15%; the officers' fencing school 67.

Before proceeding to the drill regulations it will be useful to point out the most noticeable features, and a few words will not be out of place on the material, viz. the men and horses. As regards men, it is decidedly good; the word excellent is scarcely too high a term. The efficiency and gallantry in the field of the Austrian cavalry is a matter of history; the campaign of 1866, disastrous as it was,

added fresh laurels to the cavalry arm, and there is no reason to doubt but that, under its present new organisation, it will, if called upon, maintain its old reputation and glorious renown. The men are taken from naturally warlike races; they are bold, hardy, active fellows, dashing, fearless riders, and animated with a true military spirit. The Hungarians and Poles, who furnish the greater part of the cavalry, are accustomed to the care of horses, and to be on horse-back from their childhood; the excellent system of training they undergo, on joining, gives them a good seat and good hands. The horses are not so good to look at, but for real hard work, and as campaigners, they prove a capital stamp of animal; they appear light, with small bone and weak loins, but are hardy, active, and enduring, and have good legs and feet. Previous to being draughted into military service, as 5 year olds (5 is, as a rule, the minimum age, 7 the maximum; in very exceptional cases 4 year olds may be purchased, but never under 4), they have, as a rule, been turned out the greater part of every year, and indeed accustomed mainly to forage for themselves; if stabled in winter at all, the covering has been little more than an open shed; they, in consequence, grow hardy, do not suffer from exposure and from vicissitudes of weather, and require but little care and attention in comparison with the highly fed and nurtured horses of this country. The forage allowance is small; the trooper gets a daily portion of about 10 lbs. oats, 7 lbs. hay,