Gazophylacium Latinitatis," a great number of words which were to be met with in no preceding collection. Peter Dasypodius was compiler of a Dictionary in common use in Germany; Morell, Gaudinus, and Petrus Danetus, were the Lexicographers of France: those of our own country, the following summary by Mr. Ainsworth will faithfully explain.

Promptorium parvulorum sive clericorum," printed by Richard Pynson in the year MCCCCXCIX, in folio, is the first book of this sort I have ever met with. This consisteth only of one part, which exhibiteth the English words before the Latin, being destitute both of the Latin and historical parts. But these defects were in part supplied by

"Ortus vocabulorum, alphabetico ordine ferè omnia, quæ in Catholico, Brevilequio, Cornucopia, Gemmâ Vocabulorum, atque Medullâ Grammaticæ ponuntur, cum Vernacule Linguæ Anglicana expositione, continens," printed by Wynkyn de Worde in the year MDXXVI, in quarto. This is compiled in two distinct alphabetical parts, in the former of which the Latin words are placed before their explications in English, in the latter the English words are put before the Latin. The declensions and genders of Latin nouns, as well as the conjugations and preterperfect tenses of the verbs, are set down very particularly, both in the Dictionary before mentioned, and in the English part of this work.

The "Vulgaria Roberti Whitintoni Lichfeldiensis" printed in MDXXV, "Vulgaria Stanbrigi" in MDXXIX, and "Vocabula Magistri Stanbrigii" in MDXXXI, scarcely deserve to be mentioned in this place, being rather a sort of Vocabularies than Dictionaries of the Latin and English tongues.

Thomas Elyot also obliged our countrymen with the publication of a Latin and English Dictionary, printed at London in the year MDXLII, in folio, with the title of "Bibliothece Eliotæ," which seems to be much more copious than any of the former.

This author was born of a knightly family in Suffolk, received part of his education at Oxford, then travelled beyond the seas, and on his return was introduced at Court. King Henry VIII. finding him to be a person of good parts, conferred the honour of knighthood upon him, and employed him in certain embassies beyond the seas, particularly to Rome about the divorce of Queen Katharine, and afterwards to the Emperor Charles V. during which last his great friend and crony Sir Thomas More was beheaded. He died in March MDXLVI, and was buried at Carleton in the county of Cambridge. But the Editors of the late edition of Stephens's Latin Thesaurus, for what reason I know not, say that Elyot was primus qui has literas inter nos professus est. Præf. p. 20.

Thomas Cooper, being sensible of several defects in the Dictionary published by Sir Thomas Elyot, took no small pains in improving it; for, besides giving a much fuller account of the different senses of the Latin words, "he added 33,000 words and phrases: the materials, for the most part, being taken from Robert Stephens's Thesaurus, and John Frisius's Latin and German Dictionary," saith Anthony Wood in the second edition of his "Athenæ Oxonienses” in MDCCXXI. This work passed through several editions; the first was at London in MDLII, which still retained the name of Elyot; but it was afterwards reprinted with large improvements in MDLXV, with the title of "Thesaurus Linguæ Romanæ et Britannica," &c. and again in MDLXXVIII, as also in MDLXXXIV, which last is esteemed the best. It may not be amiss to observe, that both Elyot's and Cooper's Dictionaries want the English part proper to assist younger scholars in translating English into Latin, though they have the historical and poetical part. This reverend author was born at Oxford, and afterwards elected into a fellowship of Magdalen College there. Queen Elizabeth had so great an esteem for him, on account of the service he had done to learning by the publication of this

useful

useful work, that she promoted him to the deanry of Gloucester in MDLXIX; to the bishoprick of Lincoln in MDLXX; and to that of Winchester in MDLXXXIV, where he ended his days 29 April

MDXCIV.

Barret's "Alvearie," or quadruple Dictionary in English, Latin, Greek, and French, was printed at London in the year MDLXXX, in folio. The author of this work having been employed several years in the instruction of youth, and observing the Latin Dictionaries of his times to be very defective in giving proper assistance to younger students, chiefly for translating English into Latin, made a large collection both of words and phrases out of the classic authors to supply their defects in this particular, with a design to publish them to the world; but, being prevented by death, this work was afterwards published by a friend of the Author.

As

this hath gone through but one impression, so far as I can find, I need say no more of it, than that it seemeth to be a valuable performance for those times.

Thomas Thomasius, who was for some years printer to the University of Cambridge, and died 9 Aug. MDLXXXV, published also a Latin and English Dictionary, in quarto; which met with so favourable a reception, that it "underwent five impressions in the space of eight years, and bore in all fourteen impressions," say the editors of the last edition of Stephens's Thesaurus. I have not been able to procure a sight of the first edition of Thomasius, and therefore can neither determine the precise time of its first appearance in the world, nor ascertain the number of its parts when first published; but that some distinct parts were added to the following editions, will evidently appear by a recital of part of the title to the tenth edition thereof in MDCXV, printed by Legat, who succeeded him as printer to the said University; "Huic etiam (præter Dictionarium historicum et poeticum, ad prophanas historias poëtarumque fabulas intelligendas

valdè necessarium) novissimè accessit utilissimus de ponderum, mensurarum, et monetarum veterum reductione ad ea quæ sunt Anglis jam in usu, tractatus. Decima editio superioribus, cum Græcaruin editio dictionum, tum earundem primitivorum adjectione, multò auctior. Cui demum adjectum est supplementum, authore Ph. Hollando, med. doctore, nova aliquot dictionum millia complectens; unà cum novo Anglo-Latino dictionario." Hence we may observe, that how imperfect soever the former editions of this book were, yet this consisted of the three chief parts, into which most of the Latin and English dictionaries published since that time have been divided.

Philemon Holland, who made the said Supplement to Thomasius's Dictionary, was born at Chelmsford towards the latter end of the reign of King Edward VI.; educated in Trinity College, Cambridge; was afterwards, for about twenty years, master of the free-school at Coventry, after that practised physick in the same county, and departed this life 9 Feb. MDCXXXVI. This supplement is printed distinctly from the other parts of that book, and called Paralipomena, as containing such Latin words as the Doctor had gleaned from classic and other Latin authors, and were omitted by Thomasius.

John Rider, born at Carrington in Cheshire, educated in Jesus College Oxford, for some time minister of St. Magdalen Bermondsey in Southwark, then rector of Winwick in Lancashire, and promoted to the bishoprick of Killaloe in Ireland in the year MDCXII, where he continued to his death, which was in MDCXXXII, published a Dietionary, English and Latin, and Latin and English, at Oxford, in MDLXXXIX, in a large thick quarto. This, saith: A. Wood, "was the first Dictionary that had the English before the Latin, epitomizing the learnedest and choicest Dictinaries that were then extant, and was beheld as the best that was then in use; but that part ofit which had the Latin before the English was swallowed up by the greater attempts of Francis

Holy

Holyoake." But that Mr. Woodwas mistaken in this case, if he means that Rider's Dictionary was the first which consists of an English and Latin part, as well of the Latin and English, plainly appeareth by what is said before in my account of the Promptorium, as well as of the "Ortus Vocabulorum," though, so far as I can find, Rider's was the first Latin Dictionary in which the English part was placed at the beginning of the book before the Latin part.

Francis Holyoake, who was born at Nether Whitacre in Warwickshire, educated at Queen's College at Oxford, afterwards kept a school in his own country, and was made rector of Southam there in MDCIV, took considerable pains in revising, correcting, and augmenting what Rider had published, especially with regard to the etymological part: this was first printed at London in MDCVI, in quarto, and was afterwards reprinted several times with enlargements. He died 12 Nov. MDCXXXII.

Thomas Holyoake, his son, who was born at Stony Thorp, near Southam before mentioned, educated in Queen's College Oxford, was rector of Whitnash in Warwickshire, and prebendary of the collegiate church of Wolverhampton in Staffordshire, made very large additions to the Dictionary published by his father, with a design to print their in a new edition; but dying 10 June MDCLXXV, the same was published by his son Charles, of the Inner Temple, London, in a large and well-printed folio,

in MDCLXXVII.

Nicholas Grey likewise made some additions to Rider, which were several times printed at London, saith A. Wood; but the same author owneth himself at a loss as to the time of its first publication, and adds, "that a second or third edition of Holyoake's coming out prevented, as it is said, the farther publication of it." This gentleman was born in London, elected student of Christ Church, Oxford, from Westminster School, in the year MDCVI, and was afterwards the first master of the Charterhouse School in London; but, after some years, marrying,