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practice, and by devoting one drawer to each machine, and properly indexing the drawings and tracings, the desired sheet may be quickly found, taken out, and replaced, with little disturbance to the others. Where the variety of the work makes it necessary to have a great number of classes it will be found that a more elaborate system is needed, but the plan proposed will be sufficient for a large majority of establishments. In filing tracings it is well to lay in a sheet of thin straw board between every ten or twelve tracings, or to divide the tracings of a machine into divisions representing the groups of parts of the machine, as, for instance, of a lathe, the headstock, tailstock, carriage, apron, etc. This helps to keep the tracings lying flat without wrinkles and aids in quickly finding the one needed.

Next to the chief's room a dark room is provided for photographic work, as every modern drawing room is expected to be able to make photographs of machinery and similar articles; and this branch of work should not be done. in connection with blueprinting, owing to failures that may result from carelessness in handling the necessary chemicals.

In the opposite corner of the drawing room and next to the pattern shop is arranged a lavatory provided with twelve bowls for the use of the draftsmen and pattern makers. In connection with this are two water-closets, one of which opens out of the lavatory and is used by the pattern makers; the other opening from the drawing room is for the draftsmen's use. A large storage closet is included in the space devoted to the above purposes, and between this space and the rear wall is the stairway leading to the blueprint room above. A fire-proof safe of sufficient size should be provided for storing such records and original drawings of special devices as cannot be readily replaced, and such valuable papers as always accumulate in the drawing room.

In the central space of the room is a table 5 feet by 14, for large reference drawings and similar purposes. Drawers under this table are convenient for holding large construction sheets which cannot be filed in the regular cases without folding.

Against the partition of the chief's room is a row of lockers, one for each man. These should never be constructed of boards, or in any way tightly enclosed, but, as a matter of fire protection and sanitary cleanliness, should be open to a free circulation of air; and nothing which we have seen fulfils the conditions better, or perhaps as well, as what is generally known as the "expanded metal" used in many establishments for this purpose.

The above arrangement of the drawing room and its equipment is intended for cases where there does not seem to be the need of an expensive vault in which to store drawings, tracings, blueprints, etc. Still the want of this means of safety to such valuable records in case of fire has of late years been gaining in importance and would seem, in most cases perhaps, a good invest

ment from the point of view of insurance. Hence an arrangement of the plans of both offices and drawing room has been made with this end in view, and is shown in Figs. 100 and 1OI. As a matter of economy the vault is built in a corner of the structure, the walls of which form two of its sides. For this purpose the superintendent's public and private offices are placed next to each other and the lavatory located between the latter and the vault, while the stairway leading to the drawing room is placed between the hall and the Purchased Parts Storeroom. This permits the vault in the drawing room to be built directly over the one in the offices and next to the chief's room, out of which it opens, without disarranging the plans to any considerable extent.

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FIG. 100. Drawing Room Arranged for Storage Vault in one Corner

The dark room is placed under the stairs leading to the blueprint room. The vault is provided with cases of drawers similar to those in the drawing room, and with racks for holding negatives, as well as shelves upon which may be stored any valuable records, memoranda, and similar articles. These vaults are 8 feet wide and 16 feet long, and have masonry floors and brick arches overhead. The walls should be 16 inches thick, exclusive of an air space of 1 inches in the center of the walls. Steel should not be used in their construction unless it is completely covered by brickwork, on account of its tendency

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to warp from the excessive heat of a fire. Double fire-proof doors should be provided, similar to those used in safes. The hinges should be held by bolts passing entirely through the walls, as should also be the case with bolts securing the door frames.

The blueprint room is located in the monitor roof in the center of the building, and thus over both the drawing room and the pattern shop. The space available is 18 feet wide. It is well lighted along one side and across the front end. In it are built a large dark room and other facilities and appliances

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UP TO

DRAWING ROOM

OFFICE

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FIG. 101.- Arrangement of Offices under Drawing Room where
there is a Vault.

for print washing and drying, as is shown in Fig. 102. The blueprint frames are opened and filled in the dark room and the smaller ones carried out the door to a platform built over the roof and on a level with the floor of the blueprint room. Instead of being supported by any kind of a rack, they are placed upon an adjustable blueprinting stand, as shown in Figs. 103 and 104. This may be easily turned to face the sun and the supporting board adjusted

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to whatever altitude the sun may happen to be at the time. The stand is made with a cast iron standard rising from the base which is supported on three caster wheels of not less than 3 inches in diameter. A cast iron support

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is pivoted between jaws formed in the standard, to which it is clamped in any desired position by a bolt and hand nut, as shown in Fig. 103. The board is attached to this support. When in the room the board may be brought to a nearly vertical position, thereby occupying less space. These stands may be kept in the room and the boards placed upon them and rolled out

PATTERN SHOP

DOWN TO

TABLE

LOFT

on the platform, if heavy printing frames are used, but this is not usually necessary.

Fig. 105 shows a device for supporting large printing frames. This rests on four caster wheels of not less than 4 inches in diameter. Trunnions are fixed on the sides of the printing frame in a position to exactly balance it, and either the collars of these trunnions should press tightly against the standards, or the trunnions should be considerably larger than those shown, so that the friction will hold the frame in any desired position for printing. The printing frame may be held in a horizontal position for filling by means of the rod pivoted at one end of the frame and having at the other a hook formed upon

FIG. 105. Large Blueprint Frame.

it which engages a staple in the end of the frame. When in use this frame is rolled to the door of the dark room, the tracing and blueprint paper put in, closed up, and rolled out on the platform, thus avoiding much of the usual manual labor in carrying heavy printing frames.

Where printing must be done out of a window various forms of tracks and frames must be resorted to, but there are many advantages in so locating the blueprint room as to utilize the roof for supporting a large, level platform, as here described. In cases where no monitor roof or similar facilities are offered, and the roof is nearly level, or with a slight pitch, it will be best to build a printing room on the roof with a platform outside of it, so as to be operated as here described.

A simple washing box is provided for soaking blueprints in the usual way. Also, an automatic print washer, as shown in Figs. 106 and 107. In this device a fixed box has pivoted in it a smaller box, whose bottom is composed of light slats. Upon this box is attached, but so as to be removable, a smaller box with a perforated bottom and divided by a transverse partition set exactly in the center. The operation of the device is as follows: The top box being removed by turning the buttons securing it, the blueprints are laid upon the slats, as many as six or eight at a time, and the top box replaced. The water is turned on at the faucet and one end of the pivoted box is depressed to either of the positions shown by dotted lines in Fig. 107, which will throw the water into the compartment at the higher end of the smallest box. A considerable portion of the water will trickle through the small holes of the top box and upon the blueprints, while the opposite ends of the prints are

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