Principles of Political EconomyD.C. Heath & Company, 1903 - 705 стор. |
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Сторінка xiii
... PROFITS The Nature and Definition of Profits . II . The Laws which determine Profits III . The Legitimacy of Profits . IV . Profit - sharing V. Productive Coöperation • 553 556 563 568 577 582 590 593 600 606 614 620 623 . 627 632 642 ...
... PROFITS The Nature and Definition of Profits . II . The Laws which determine Profits III . The Legitimacy of Profits . IV . Profit - sharing V. Productive Coöperation • 553 556 563 568 577 582 590 593 600 606 614 620 623 . 627 632 642 ...
Сторінка 36
... profit , against interest ( which the Church in the Middle Ages designated as usury — usura vorax ) , against stock companies , against free trade and all forms of internationalism , and , above all , against free competition , has led ...
... profit , against interest ( which the Church in the Middle Ages designated as usury — usura vorax ) , against stock companies , against free trade and all forms of internationalism , and , above all , against free competition , has led ...
Сторінка 69
... profit to the owner of capital . But we must abandon any such effort as unscientific . Here we have to do only with production , and from this point of view it is at once evident that these three factors play unequal parts . Of the ...
... profit to the owner of capital . But we must abandon any such effort as unscientific . Here we have to do only with production , and from this point of view it is at once evident that these three factors play unequal parts . Of the ...
Сторінка 70
... profits the share of the capitalist in the distribution of goods . But modern economists have confined this term to the remuneration received by the industrial projector , and have used the term interest to designate the share due to ...
... profits the share of the capitalist in the distribution of goods . But modern economists have confined this term to the remuneration received by the industrial projector , and have used the term interest to designate the share due to ...
Сторінка 112
... profit by the change of condi- tions ; but for him there is little consolation . ( 3 ) Economy of labor . The use of ... profits if he continues to sell his goods at the old price , or by the consumer , in the form of reduced expenses if ...
... profit by the change of condi- tions ; but for him there is little consolation . ( 3 ) Economy of labor . The use of ... profits if he continues to sell his goods at the old price , or by the consumer , in the form of reduced expenses if ...
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Загальні терміни та фрази
according Adam Smith agriculture amount association bank bills of exchange called capital capitalists cause census cent circulation classes classical economists coin collectivism commerce commodity competition consumers consumption coöperative cost of production desire division of labor duction economic economists employed employer England enterprise entrepreneur example exchange exports fact factors factors of production farms foreign France give gold Hence human important income increase industry interest invention issue John Stuart Mill Karl Marx land less limited machinery manufacturing matter means metallic money method moreover nation natural natural laws necessary nomic notes object obliged organization pails paper money persons physiocrats political economy population possess profits purchase quantity regard rent result rise saving sell silver social socialists society supply theory things tion to-day trade transportation United utility wages wants wheat workman
Популярні уривки
Сторінка 579 - Corn is not high because a rent is paid, but a rent is paid because corn is high...
Сторінка 173 - Each person, therefore, making a tenth part of forty-eight thousand pins, might be considered as making four thousand eight hundred pins in a day. But if they had all wrought separately and independently, and without any of them having been educated to this peculiar business, they certainly could not each of them have made twenty, perhaps not one pin in a day...
Сторінка 271 - July 14, 1890, are legal tender for all debts, public and private, except where otherwise expressly stipulated in the contract. United States notes are legal tender for all debts, public and private, except duties on imports and interest on the public debt.
Сторінка 658 - ... the human species would increase as the numbers 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, and subsistence as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. In two centuries the population would be to the means of subsistence as 256 to 9; in three centuries as 4096 to 13, and in two thousand years the difference would be almost incalculable.
Сторінка 173 - ... could scarce, perhaps, with his utmost industry, make one pin in a day, and certainly could not make twenty. But in ' the way in which this business is now carried on, not only the whole work is a peculiar trade, but it is divided into a number of branches, of which...
Сторінка 322 - But it cannot be expected that individuals should, at their own risk, or rather to their certain loss, introduce a new manufacture, and bear the burden of carrying it on, until the producers have been educated up to the level of those with whom the processes are traditional.
Сторінка 490 - Wages depend, then, on the proportion between the number of the labouring population, and the capital or other funds devoted to the purchase of labour; we will say, for shortness, the capital. If wages are higher at one time or place than at another, if the subsistence and comfort of the class of hired labourers are more ample, it is, and can be, for no other reason, than because capital bears a greater proportion to population.
Сторінка 576 - ... their productive powers. At the same time, the rent of the first quality will rise, for that must always be above the rent of the second, by the difference between the produce which they yield with a given quantity of capital and labour. 'With every step in the progress of population...
Сторінка 490 - It is not the absolute amount of accumulation or of production that is of importance to the laboring class ; it is not the amount even of the funds destined for distribution among the laborers : it is the proportion between those funds and the numbers among whom they are shared. The condition of the class can be bettered in no other way than by altering that proportion to their advantage ; and every scheme for their benefit which does not proceed on this as its foundation is, for all permanent purposes,...
Сторінка 173 - I have seen a small manufactory of this kind where ten men only were employed, and where some of them consequently performed two or three distinct operations. But though they were very poor, and therefore but indifferently accommodated with the necessary machinery, they could, when they exerted themselves, make among them about twelve pounds of pins in a day.