Jan. 6. 1678. The height was 32. March 28. 1678. The height was 33 April 15. The liquor in the lower part of the receiver, had all broke out, and the air followed it; then I took out the peaches. Hence we learn, that the very vapour of fpirit of wine, fomewhat hin ders fermentation; yet much less than the fpirit itself. (19. ) April 27. 1678. I included an ounce and a half of pafte, mixed Paste with lea. with leaven, in a receiver full of common air, able to hold twenty-three ven, in com ounces and a half of water. April 28. The height of the mercury in the gage was two and a half. May 4. The mercury was depreffed, tho' no air broke away, and the pafte was mouldy. The height of it was two and a half. mon air. April 27. 1678. I included an ounce and a half of unleavened pafte, with Pafte without common air, in a receiver, capable of holding twenty-three ounces and a leaven in comhalf of water. April 29. Hitherto the mercury had not afcended; but this afternoon it rofe a quarter of an inch. dy. April. 30. There was no change. May 4. The mercury afcended but very flowly, and the paste was moul May 6. The height of the mercury was four inches. mon air: Hence it feems, that leaven rather hinders than forwards the production of air, if the paste be not made in a hot place. (20.) May 23. I included an ounce and a half of unleavened pafte, in a Pafte with fpireceiver capable of holding twenty-five ounces of water, and pour'd fpirit rit of wine. of wine upon it. May PNEUMATICS Pafte without It was two and a half. 31. There was no change. 10 July 19. No change. 41 Decemb. 14. When the height of the mercury alter'd no more, I open'd the receiver, and found that the pafte had an acid fmell. May 23. I included an ounce and a half of unleavened pafte, in a receiSpirit of wine. ver, capable of holding twenty-five ounces of water; but added no fpirit of wine. New ale inclu The mercury a little exceeded thirty inches. This day the air broke out, and, therefore, I fet the screw. Hence it seems to follow, that fpirit of wine greatly obftructs the production of air; and the more, if the pafte be fermented; and that unfermented paste will, in tract of time, produce no lefs air than that which is fermented. (21.) Octob. 11. I exactly filled a receiver with new ale, so that no air ded in recei- might be left; and included another quantity of the fame in another receiver, wherein fome space was allowed for the air. vers. Octob. 12. The cover of that receiver, which contained fome air was broken; and, therefore, I poured the fame ale into another receiver, wherein there was room enough left for the air: in the receiver, exactly fill'd, the mercury afcended a little. up a Octob. 13. In the receiver, exactly fill'd, the height of the mercury was twelve inches; in the other, thirteen inches; tho' it had been fhut fhorter time, and a much larger fpace was left, whereinto the air, newly produced, might have been dilated. Octob. 14. In the full receiver, the height was thirteen; in the other eighteen. Towards evening, the full receiver work'd the fafteft; for the height of the mercury in it was twenty-two; and the other but twenty. Odob. 15. In the full receiver, the height of the mercury was fortytwo; in the other, twenty-fix. And fome bubbles of air, which, in the full receiver, had poffeffed its upper part, wholly vanifhed; and the ale poffeffed a long space, in the mercurial gage, wherein it was not found before. October 16. In the full receiver, the height was 60 inches. In the other 30. 28. In the full receiver, the height was 133. The bubbles appear'd again, yet nothing flowed out. Nov. 8. The full receiver loft much of its liquor; wherefore, I open'd it; when all the ale feem'd as if it would have vanifh'd into froth, unless I had fuddenly ftopt the little hole, that gave it vent. I many times tried, that, if the hole were opened in the gage, the mercury would would prefently defcend; but if the hole were again ftopt, it would speedily afcend. The ale had a moft pungent tafte. Νου. 9. I opened the other receiver, and obferved almost the fame things. PNEUMATICS (22.) June 27. I put green pease into an exhausted receiver, with spirit Pease with spiof wine. Towards the evening, the receiver feem'd to admit the exter- rit of wine, in nal air, and the mercury rofe to the height of eighteen inches, when I an exhausted clofed the cover with turpentine. receiver. June 30. I perceiv'd no more change in the height of the mercury. July 7. No air was produced, even in the most vehement heat. June 27. I put other pease into an exhausted receiver, without spirit of Peafe without wine. The receiver, and the quantity of the pease, were the fame as in fpirit of wine, the last experiment. in an exhauft June 28. The receiver was full of air; tho', I think, it was not exactly receiver. fhut; and therefore, I again included the fame peafe. Towards evening, the height of the mercury was five inches. June 29 30 The height of it was July 1 ༨༠ 10 July 5 The height 526 16 75 of it, was 19 July 8. The air got out of the receiver. Hence it appears, that fpirit of wine hinders the production of air in pease. (23.) June 9. 1677. I put cherries into an exhaufted receiver, and in fix hours time the mercury came to the height of five inches and a half. That the effects of artificial air differ from thofe of the common, fhewn June in cherries. PNEUMATICS Pafte without It was two and a half. 31. There was no change. 10 July 19. No change. 41 Decemb. 14. When the height of the mercury alter'd no more, I open'd the receiver, and found that the paste had an acid smell. May 23. I included an ounce and a half of unleavened paste, in a receifpirit of wine. ver, capable of holding twenty-five ounces of water; but added no fpirit New ale inclu of wine. June 2 The mercury a little exceeded thirty inches. This day the air broke out, and, therefore, I fet the fcrew. Decem. 14. The mercury return'd to the height of fifteen inches; when, I open'd the receiver, and found the paste very acid. Hence it seems to follow, that fpirit of wine greatly obftructs the production of air; and the more, if the pafte be fermented; and that unfermented pafte will, in tract of time, produce no lefs air than that which is fermented. (21.) Octob. 11. I exactly filled a receiver with new ale, so that no air ded in recei- might be left; and included another quantity of the fame in another receiver, wherein fome fpace was allowed for the air. vers. Octob. 12. The cover of that receiver, which contained fome air was broken; and, therefore, I poured the fame ale into another receiver, wherein there was room enough left for the air: in the receiver, exactly fill'd, the mercury afcended a little. Octob. 13. In the receiver, exactly fill'd, the height of the mercury was twelve inches; in the other, thirteen inches; tho' it had been fhut up a fhorter time, and a much larger space was left, whereinto the air, newly produced, might have been dilated. Octob. 14. In the full receiver, the height was thirteen; in the other eighteen. Towards evening, the full receiver work'd the fastest; for the height of the mercury in it was twenty-two; and the other but twenty. Odob. 15. In the full receiver, the height of the mercury was fortytwo; in the other, twenty-fix. And fome bubbles of air, which, in the full receiver, had poffeffed its upper part, wholly vanished; and the ale poffeffed a long fpace, in the mercurial gage, wherein it was not found before. October 16. In the full receiver, the height was 60 inches. In the other 30. 18. In the full receiver, the height was 90. In the other 40. 22. In the full receiver, the height was 90. 23. In the full receiver, the height was 108. 26. In the full receiver, In the other 60. 28. In the full receiver, In the other 63. the height was 108. the height was 133. The bubbles appear'd again, yet nothing flowed out. Nov. 8. The full receiver loft much of its liquor; wherefore, I open'd it; when all the ale feem'd as if it would have vanifh'd into froth, unless I had fuddenly ftopt the little hole, that gave it vent. I many times tried, that, if the hole were opened in the gage, the mercury would prefently defcend; but if the hole were again ftopt, it would speedily afcend. The ale had a most pungent taste. Nov. 9. I opened the other receiver, and obferved almoft the fame things. Hence it seems to follow, that ale, if the air be wholly excluded from the containing veffel, will ferment more flowly, than if fome air be left therein; and that, in time, it makes a greater compreffion, if no room be left for its dilatation. PNEUMATICS (22.) June 27. I put green peafe into an exhausted receiver, with spirit Peafe with fpiof wine. Towards the evening, the receiver feem'd to admit the exter- rit of wine, in nal air, and the mercury rofe to the height of eighteen inches, when I clofed the cover with turpentine. an exhausted receiver. June 30. I perceiv'd no more change in the height of the mercury. July 7. No air was produced, even in the most vehement heat. June 27. I put other peafe into an exhausted receiver, without fpirit of Peafe without wine. The receiver, and the quantity of the peafe, were the fame as in fpirit of wine, the last experiment. in an exhauft June 28. The receiver was full of air; tho', I think, it was not exactly receiver. fhut; and therefore, I again included the fame peafe. Towards evening, the height of the mercury was five inches. June 29 30 10 July 5 The height of it was 16 July IS 219 The height 526 75 of it, was 330 1 July 8. The air got out of the receiver. Hence it appears, that fpirit of wine hinders the production of air in pease. (23.) June 9. 1677. I put cherries into an exhausted receiver, and in fix hours time the mercury came to the height of five inches and a half. That the effects of artificial air differ from thofe of the common, shewn June in cherries. |