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ALIA.

ALIA, in Antiquity, solemn games among the Rhodians, celebrated on the 24th day of the month ALIBA- Gorpiæa, answering to the month Bædromion, or the MONS. third of the Athenian year, in honour of the sun (nλios, or aλios), said to have been born in Rhodes, the inhabitants of which were reputed his posterity, and therefore called Heliades. Boys as well as men engaged at these games, and the victor received a crown of poplar. Schol. on Pindar Olymp. vii. Strabo, lib. xiv.

ALIACMON, or HALIACMON, in Ancient Geography, a river of Macedonia, falling into the gulph of Therma, or Thessalonica, between the towns of Pydna and Dium. Strabo, 1. vii. It separated Macedonia Proper from Thessaly, according to Cæsar, Bel. Civ. lib. iii. c. 36. Pliny, lib. xxxi. c. 10. says its waters had the property of whitening the fleeces of sheep.

ALIARTUS, or HALIARTUS, in Ancient Geography, a town of Boeotia, on the south side of the lake Copais. It lay in a confined situation, between the lake and a lofty mountain, and had the river Permessus flowing near it. Strabo, lib. ix. During the Baotian war it was besieged by the Phocians (Diodor. lib. xiv. c. 81.), and in the Macedonian war, C. Lucretius, the prætor, laid siege to it, and took it by assault, after it had made a very vigorous defence. The city was then totally destroyed, its statues and paintings conveyed to the Roman vessels, and the land belonging to it assigned to the Athenians. Livy, 1. xlii. c. 63. At one period it gave its name to the lake adjoining. There was also an inland town of Messenia named Aliartus, noticed by Ptol. lib. iii. c. 16.

ALIAS, in Law, another, or second writ issued from the king's courts at Westminster, after a latitat, capias, or quo minus, has been issued without effect.

ALIAS DICTUS, in Law, the manner of describing a defendant when sued on a bond or other specialty. After the name and common addition, then comes the alias dictus, describing him by the exact name and addition whereby he is bound in the bond or specialty in question.

ALIBAMONS, an aboriginal tribe of Americans, whose principal settlement is on the banks of the river Alabama, in Georgia. These people are generally healthy and robust, and the women beautiful. Polygamy is strictly forbidden among them; and the men are much inclined to jealousy; but the unmarried females are licentious in their conduct. Their genealogies are reckoned through the female line alone. They believe in a future state, which is to perpetuate all the sensual gratifications of the present; and bury their dead in a sitting position, supplying them with tobacco and a pipe, to obtain them a favourable introduction into the other world. Like other tribes of Indians, they go out in large hunting parties in the decline of the year, and travel 80 or 100 leagues from home, crossing the lakes and rivers of their course in canoes, which they take with them. Their return is at seed-time, about March, Jaden with skins, and dried fish and flesh, the fruits of their expedition. In this, and roasted maize prepared with it, consists their principal food, which they call sagamitti. They worship small images, called manitus, and pretend to cure maladies by the means of certain incantations. Suicides are regarded as cowards amongst them, and thrown contemptuously into the

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ALIBI, in Law, a mode of defence, the establishment of which consists in showing that the accused person was elsewhere at the time of the committal of the crime charged upon him.

ALICANT, the Lucentum of the ancients, a seaport town of Valentia, in Spain, near Segura. is a very strong and compactly-built place; celebrated for its wine and fruits, the fertility of the soil around, and its active commerce. The chief exports are dates, figs, barilla, brandy, raisins, capers, anise, saffron, wine, and a very excellent soap. The population is about 16,500. It is 75 miles S. of Valentia. W. lon. 0°, 24'. N. lat. 38°, 35'. The harbour is a short distance from the town, and is one of the best on this coast.

ALICATA, a small fortified town on a peninsula of Sicily, near the sea, 19 miles S. E. of Girgenti, and 60 S. W. of Catania. It has a castle called St. Angelo, which, with the town walls and fortress, are in a state of rapid decay. This place contains about 10,000 inhabitants; it carries on a brisk trade in corn with Malta. N. lat. 37°, 11'. E. lon. 13o, 51'. There is a mountain near the town of Alicata of the same name.

ALICE, in Ancient Geography, a river of Sicily, which bounded the Locrian state. Quantities of anchovies (Lat. Alex, Alicis) are found in this stream, from which it is therefore probable that the fish derived its Latin name.

ALICONDA TREE, in Botany, a tree found in the kingdom of Congo, on the coast of Africa. It bears a large gourd-like fruit,the kernel of which affords the natives a pulpy nutritive food; and its shell, or rind, serves them as a drinking vessel, communicating a pleasant, spicy flavour to its contents. The leaves, also, are sometimes eaten. The bark of the tree, being properly prepared, yields a coarse thread, with which the Africans weave a kind of cloth, and even ropes are said to be manufactured from it. The whole tree is of immense size, and is supposed to be the largest that grows.

ALICUDA, or ALICUTI, anciently ERICUSA, one of the Lipari islands, in the Mediterranean, off the northern coast of Sicily. It is about six miles in circumference, of a most romantic and even awful appearance from the sea; being evidently of volcanic origin, and totally inaccessible, except on the eastern and south-east shore. Its geology is curious, and affords many speculations to the mineralogist. Spallanzani, tom. iii. and iv. of his Voyages dans les Deux Siciles, gives it much attention. It was once far better cultivated than at present, being principally covered with palm trees, and a few fishermen's huts. It contains about 300 inhabitants, who are often distressed for water. It is said to have been called Ericusa formerly, from the quantity of "erica," or "heath," which grew here. Strabo says that it derived its name from some plant, which seems to favour the supposition. It is 15 miles W. of Lipari, in N. lat. 38°, 31. E. lon. 14°, 32'.

ALICULA, in Antiquity, a habit sometimes worn by the Roman children, until they assumed the toga

virilis.

ALIDADE, or ALHIDADE, in Astronomy, an Arabian name for the rule which moves round the centre

ALIDAR

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Lykewyse the dutie of the naturall lone must be perfourmed to the parent if he haue nede though he be an hethen, and alienat from the ghospel. Id. Math. chap. x. Schir, we beseik your soverane celsitude, Of our dochtouris till haif compassioun ; Quhom we may na way marie, be the rude, Without we mak sum alienatioun

Of our land, for thair supportatioun.

Sir David Lyndsay's Works, v. ii. p. 79. The politick Earl of Kent, Godwyn, finding this weakness in the King [Hardicanute], began to think himself of aspiring; and to make the better way for it he sought by all means to alien the subjects heart from the Prince.

It is enacted in the lawes of Venice,

If it be proued against an alien,

That by direct or indirect attempts
He seeke the life of any citizen,

Baker's Chronicle.

The party gainst the which he doth contriue,
Shall seaze one halfe his goods.

Shakespeare. Merch. of Ven. act iv.

Thou strong retreat! thou sure entail'd estate,
Which nought has power to alienate.
Thou pleasant, honest flatterer! for none
Flatter unhappy men but thou [Hope] alone.

Cowley's Poem for Hope.

O alienate from God, O spirit accurs'd, Forsaken of all good! I see thy fall Determin'd, and thy hapless crew involv'd In this perfidious fraud. Milton's Par. Lost, book v. Honour and justice due to my successors, forbid me to yeeld to such a total alienation of that power from them, which civility and duty, no less than justice and honour should have borbad them to have asked of me. Eikon Basilike.

There are laws in Scotland, loosely worded, that make it capita to spread lies of the king or his government, or to alienate his subject

from him.

Burnet's Own Time.

Alien, misplaced, ambitious ornaments, no doubt, are every where disgusting: but in the grand entrance of a house, they should particularly be avoided.

Gilpin's Tour to the Lakes of Cumberland, &c. To receive favour, and to alienate the property of the prince; to obtain friendship, and then to desert him; to act without wisdom in his affairs; and to eat his bread; these are the faults of a minister. Sir William Jones's Hitópadésa.

It is notorious, that many popish bishops were no less alienators of ALIEN. their episcopal endowments, than many other bishops of the Protestant church proved afterwards, in the reigns of Edward the Sixth and Elizabeth. T. Warton's Life of Sir T. Pope.

ALIEN, in Law, a person born out of the king's dominions. Thus there are alien friends, those born in the countries in alliance with the state; and alien enemies, those born in countries with which it is at war. Children born of English parents, whilst under temporary allegiance or obedience to a foreign power, are not aliens by the law of England; nor children born of English parents on the high seas; or children of English ambassadors resident at foreign courts. British parents who have been guilty of felony or high treason, make their children aliens who are born abroad. 25 Edw. III.; 7 Anne, c. 5.; 10 Anne, c. 5, &c. But the last two acts, with 4 Geo. II. c. 21. and 13 Geo. III. c. 21. establish all children born out of the king's legiance, whose grandfathers, by the father's side, or whose fathers were natural-born subjects, in the rights of natural-born subjects, though their mothers were alien, unless their male parents were, at the birth of the said children, in the service of an enemy. But such grand-children must be Protestants, and resident within the realm, to claim the privilege of exemption from the alien duty; and the claim to any estate or interest must be made within five years. The issue of an English woman by an alien, born abroad, is an alien.

An alien cannot purchase lands for his own use; an alien female cannot be endowed with lands, although she become the wife of a natural-born subject; nor can a Jewess, the wife of a naturalized Jew. But an alien may acquire any kind of personal property; his children born in Great Britain are generally to be held naturalborn subjects; he may bring or defend any action or process at law, for the protection of it, and may dispose of such property by deed, will, or otherwise. Aliens also may take leases of lands, and estates in trust; but these rights of aliens must be understood as of alien friends only; alien enemies having no rights at all, and no privileges, unless by the king's especial favour.

An alien may, by letters patent, ex donatione regis, be made an English subject, and is then called a denizen, being in a middle state between a natural-born subject and an alien. He may now purchase lands, or possess them by devise, but cannot inherit them, although his heirs may inherit from him; the parent of the denizen being held to have had no inheritable blood, which the denizen possesses after becoming so. See DENIZEN. He is still, however, subject to the alien duty, and there is no method of giving him the full personal rights of a natural-born subject but by act of parliament. Even after naturalization, an alien cannot become a member, of the House of Commons or Privy Council, or hold offices or grants under the crown; and by stat. 12 William III. c. 2, and 1 Geo. I. c. 4, every bill for the naturalization of particular persons shall contain the proper disqualifying clauses. See NATURALIZATION.

Certain alien acts of recent date (33 Geo. III. c. 4,. and 34 Geo. III. c. 43, 67) arose out of the influx of strangers into this country from the continent during the French revolution. They compel the masters of nalties, to give an account at every port of the number ships arriving from foreign ports, under certain peand names of every foreigner on board to the customhouse officers; appointing justices and others to grant

ALIEN. passports to such aliens; and giving the king power to restrain and to send them out of the kingdom, on pain ALIGHT of transportation, and, on their return, of death. The same acts also direct an account to be delivered of the arms of aliens, which, if required, are to be delivered up; and aliens are not to go from one place to another in the kingdom without passports. These acts have been from time to time amended and continued, as in 43 Geo. III. c. 155, &c. They have generally been supposed to be applicable only to a state of warfare, or decisive political danger from the influx of foreigners; the spirit of our constitution, and the nature of our Protestant principles, having always inclined our governors to make England a place of refuge for the persecuted, and of succour to the distressed of all countries.

ALIEN DUTY, in English Polity, otherwise called petty customs, or navigation duty, an impost laid on all goods imported by aliens beyond the duty paid for the same goods by natural-born subjects.

ALIENATION, in Law, from alienare, to pass away, a transfer of property from one person to another, and chiefly relating to lands and tenements. Alienation in mortmain is to pass or transfer lands or tencments to a religious body politic, or house. Alienation in fee is the sale of lands, &c. in fee simple. All persons possessing lands, &c. may alien them to others, with particular exceptions, for no person can transfer to another more than he himself has received. A tenant for life incurs a forfeiture of the estate by alienation to another, Co. Lit. 118. In feoffments, conditions that the feoffee shall not alien are void, Co. Lit. 206. Hob. 261. but a grant of an estate in fee, on condition that the grantee, or person to whom the grant is made, shall not alien to any one particular person is valid, and where a reversion stands in the possession of the donor of an estate, he may restrain an alienation by condition, Lit. 361. Wood's Inst. 141. ALIFE, ALLIFE, ALLIFA, and ALIPHA, in Ancient Geography, a town of the Samnites, near the river Vulturnus, which bounded their country toward the west. Strabo, lib. iii. It was noted for manufacturing drinking cups. Hor. lib. ii, sat. viii. v. 39. The Romans took this city B. c. 309. Livy, l. ix. c. 38. It is now Alifi, 15 miles N. of Capua.

ALIGHT. A.S. Alihzan, lihtan; to alight, to light: to descend from a horse or carriage, says Junius, perhaps, because this is no other than to lighten a carriage or horse of its burden; and then used, generally, to come down; to descend; to fall upon.

Kyng Henry in pe senepe ger of hys crounyng,
And enlene hondered ger and senene of our Lorde alygtýn.
R. Gloucester, p. 430.

But now is time to you for to telle,
How that we baren us that ilke night,
Whan we were in that hostelrie alight.

Chaucer. The Prologue, v. i. p. 30.

Achilles vpon hym alight,
And wolde anone, as he well might,
Haue slain him fulliche in the place.

Gower. Con. A. book iv.
Bot at the last softlie he gan alicht
Of Calcidonis apoun the castell hicht.

Douglas, book vi. p. 162. Ac as sone so pe Samaritan hadde sighte of pat syke He alyghte a non of lyarde. and ledde hym in hus hondes And to pis weye he wente, hus wondes to holde.

Vision of Piers Plouhman, p. 324.

Cutting betwixt the windes and Lybian landes,
From his graundfather by the mothers side
Cyllene's child so came, and then alight
Upon the houses with his winged feete.

Surrey. Fourth Booke of Virgiles Aeneis.
Mean while upon the firm opacous globe
Of this round world, whose first convex divides
The luminous inferiour orbs, enclos'd
From chaos, and the inroad of darkness old,
Satan alighted walks.
Milton's Par. Lost, book iii.

Sir Roger rode forward, and alighting, took up the hare in his arms; which he soon after delivered up to one of his servants with an order, if she could be kept alive, to let her go in his great orchard. Spectator, No 116.

to attempt so dangerous a march.

On horseback it was impossible; and when we had alighted, we stood hesitating on the brink, whether it were prudent, even on foot, Gilpin's Tour to the Lakes of Cumberland, &c. ALIGHT. To light, or enlighten; to kindle, to set fire to. See LIGHT.

The nixt day following, with his lamp bricht
As Phoebus did the ground or erth alicht,
Eftir the dawning haith the donk nychtes cloud
Chasit from the sky, and the are new schroud.

Douglas. Aeneidos, book iv. p. 99.

The next morow, with Phoebus laump, the earth
Alighted clere; and eke the dawning day
The shadowes dark gan from the poale remoue.

And for to speaken ouer this,
In this parte of the aire it is,
That men full ofte sene by night
The fire in sondrie forme alight.

Surrey. Aeneis.

Gower. Con. A. book vii.

ALIGHT ALIKE

The officer having by this time alighted his lamp, entered into the room to see him whom he accounted to be dead. Shelton's Trans. Don Quix. Ed. 1652.

ALIKE'. In like. See LIKE.
pe bisshop of Canterbire in common alle o liche
Schewed it in ilk schire, alle his bisshop riche.
R. Brunne, p. 301.

For to the reason if we see
Of mans byrthe the measure,
It is so common to nature,
That it yeueth euery man aliche
As well to the poore as to the riche.

Gower. Con. A. book iv.

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Prudence is goodly wisedome in knowinge of thynges.
Strength voydeth al aduersitees aliche euen.

Chaucer. Test of Love, book iii. fol. 308. c. 4.

This ought in no wise to hinder our concorde, yt the giftes of god be not al after one sorte, nor al alike appearing in al men: no more tha we see the mébres of the body not agre, or to be racked one fro an other, because they be not indifferently apt al to one vse, or fele al alike ye influence of ye head. Udal. Paulto the Ephesians, cap. iv.

Hope! whose weak being min'd is,
Alike, if it succeed, and if it miss;
Whom good or ill does equally confound;

And both the horns of Fate's dilemma wound;

Vain shadow!

Cowley's Poem against Hope.

All parts of time are alike unto him, unto whom none are referrible; and all things present, unto whom nothing is past or to come. Brown's Vulgar Errours. Custom and use doth much in those things where little of proportion and symmetry show themselves, or which are alike comely and beautiful, to disparage the one, and commend the other. Ray, on the Creation. Who finds not Providence all good and wise, Alike in what it gives and what denies?

Pope's Essay on Man. Epist. ì. To be truly good, we must be so in every thing alike. Secker's Sermons.

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ALIMENT,
ALIMENT'AL,

ALIMENT ALLY,

ALIMENTARY, ALIMENTATION, ALIMON'IOUS.

ALIMENT.

Alo, alitum. Vossius hesitates to pronounce from the Greek Alɛa, warmth. Nourishment; that which nourishes, cherishes, or supports, life, health.

Wise men are of opinion, the bodies of animals cannot receive a proper aliment from ayr. Brown's Vulgar Errours.

The sun that light imports to all, receives
From all his alimental recompence
In humid exhalations, and at even
Sups with the ocean.

Milton's Par. Lost, book v.

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Goldsmith, on Polite Learning.

Plethora renders us lean, by suppressing our spirits, whereby they

are incapacitated of digesting the alimonious humours into flesh.

Harvey, on Consumptions. ALIMENT is a term which may properly include whatever is appropriated for nutriment by the various classes of organized existence. In animal and vegetable life we can behold the phenomena of decomposition and reproduction, and analyze the substances that administer to the growth and repair of the system most distinctly; but in their application to the wants and enjoyments of man, these phenomena become infinitely interesting. Lord of this lower world, the whole circle of organic being seems to move around him for his benefit, and the student cannot be more gratified than the common people may be advantaged, by an intelligent consideration of the admirable provisions in nature for the effectual and easy movement of this machinery toward all its important ends.

It is our object, in the present article, to present to the reader a catalogue of human aliments; more particularly referring to the separate treatises on MINERALOGY and BOTANY, in our second division, for a sufficient investigation of the other alimentary matters

of nature: we here only use the term as comprehending whatever is nutritious, and capable of being converted into chyle to support the body of man. Thus it embraces not only the animal and vegetable substances usually denominated food, but includes also the fluids with which they are diluted.

Animal food appears best adapted to recruit diminished strength, and repair the waste of the animal system generally, inasmuch as it is the most readily convertible into chyle, and yields that fluid in greatest abundance. Hence, carnivorous animals eat less in quantity than herbivorous ones, yet they are stronger; and the similarity of the substance of animal bodies to that of the human frame, naturally leads one to expect an easy conversion of it into that of our own structure.

Although man is naturally formed to live both on animal and vegetable food, as is evident from the structure of his teeth and alimentary canal, yet he is capable of subsisting wholly on either. It would appear, indeed, that as he was intended to inhabit every part of the globe, he is furnished with organs capable of assimilating every variety of substances, the produce of all climates and regions, to that of his own body. The Brachmans, and some other tribes in the East, subsist wholly on vegetable food. The inhabitants of the most northern regions live almost entirely upon animal food, scarcely ever partaking of any vegetable matter, at least during the greater part of the year. Some nations feed chiefly on terrestrial animals, others on aquatic ones. The diet of these people has, no doubt, an extensive influence on their national character.

By the peculiar operation of the digestive organs, food, taken either from the animal or vegetable kingdom, can be assimilated into a fluid, sui generis. These processes of assimilation are comprehended in the term digestion, by which the food taken in is converted into chyle. The various kinds of flesh meats are known to yield this fluid in most abundance, but the relative nutrimental parts of such food, viz. of gelatine, albumen, fibrin, or oil, have not yet been correctly ascertained. The flesh of young animals yields more gelatine than that of the same species in the adult state. The flesh of wild animals is also sooner digested than that of domesticated ones. Venison is known to be the lightest and most nutritious of all kinds of animal food. Salt meat is not so strengthening as fresh, and meat which has been kept for a short time is generally considered to be more nourishing than that from a recently killed animal. Roast meat is more nutritious than boiled: for by the process of boiling much of the nutritive matter is withdrawn.

ALI

The power of habit on the animal economy is in no MENT. instance more remarkably shown than in diet. Moore, in his Essay on the Materia Medica, has very correctly observed, that if any one suddenly changes his food, and feeds upon substances to which he has been unaccustomed, he will undoubtedly become disordered. If a person accustomed to vegetable farinacea tries to eat a large portion of animal food, he will become feverish and plethoric; and if any one accustomed to meat suddenly adopts a vegetable diet, he will be in danger of losing strength, and being seized with indigestion. This is one reason why too great a variety of food is unwholesome; for the stomach cannot acquire the habit of digesting a variety of aliments with equal facility. Those persons, therefore, who use one or two kinds of aliments constantly and regularly, have their stomachs in far better order than those who indulge themselves in variety. But it would appear that even the habit of digesting a variety of aliments is in some degree to be acquired; for persons accustomed to variety are less disordered by it than others, although their digestive faculty is probably not in such perfect order as it is in those who live in a more simple manner. We need not, then, be surprised at the frequency of stomach complaints among the rich; for the luxurious superfluity of whose tables the earth, air, and sea are ransacked. This variety, especially when prepared with eastern spiceries and all the refinements of modern cookery, has another bad effect; it produces a false appetite, and forms a temptation to indulge the palate after the natural appetite is gone, by which the stomach is gorged and overloaded; whereas, those who live upon a few plain and simply dressed aliments, have no excitement to eat more than their natural appetite prompts. From these, and many other causes, disorders in the stomach are frequent; and as some aliments are more easily digested than others, directions respecting diet are necessary for weak and disordered stomachs, which are unable to digest aliments that are easily overcome by stomachs of greater health and power.

Animals discover their proper food by the senses of taste and smelling. Mr. Moore conceives that men, in a great degree, do the same, and, therefore, that a strong presumption may be formed respecting the wholesomeness of alimentary substances by attending to the natural inclination of men. But the greatest

care must be taken not to confound natural tastes with those which are acquired by habit and prejudice, or brought on by diseases.

It is inconsistent with the admirable order and constitution of the universe, to conceive that men will naturally have a desire for such aliments as are improper for them, and loath such as are wholesome. But we know that, in consequence of necessity, example, or prejudice, men may be induced to use as food substances at first disagreeable, but which, by degrees, they may be brought to prefer to more wholesome diet. It is owing to this that many, the rich in particular, instead of plain and salutary food, prefer what is highly seasoned with hot pungent spices. These acrid and stimulating substances are detested by every person at first; but even children may be induced to eat them in imitation of their parents and relations; and having acquired a taste for them, the stimulus given to the stomach becomes at last necessary.

But that those stimulants, though they seem to assist, ALLyet, in reality, and in the couse of time impair the appetite MENT and digestion, is evident from this, that the stomach which could with ease digest plain food, before it was accustomed to spiceries, cannot afterwards digest it withCat their assistance. A stomach in this situation, therefore, may justly be said to be in a diseased state. And it is not without foundation, that diseases, and premature old age, have been imputed to the habit of using stimulating and acrid condiments. See Essay on the Materia Medica, by JAMES MOORE.

Meat which has become tender and tainted by a degree of putrefaction, is more readily digested than fresh, but it does not follow that it is more wholesome on that account. Food of this kind is universally rejected by children, whose appetites have not been depraved, a circumstance against the use of such kind of diet.

The subjoined is a list of the various kinds and species of animals from which the principal alimentary substances are derived, arranged according to their rank in the classification adopted by Linnæus :

MAMMALIA.

ORDER I.-Primates.

Vespertilio vampyrus. Rougette. Eaten by the Indians, who declare the flesh to be very good. The French in the Isle of Bourbon boil it in their bouillon to give it a relish.

ORDER II.-Bruta.

Myrmecophaga tetradactyla. Middle Ant-eater. The flesh of this animal is eaten by the natives of Guiana, and is said to be good.

Manis pentadactyla. Pangolin. Is very fat, and esteemed very delicate eating by the Indians. The negroes kill them for the sake of their flesh.

Dasypus. Armadillo. All the species in this genus are edible. The following are most esteemed:

Dasypus tricinctus. Three-banded Armadillo. This is esteemed very delicious eating when young; but when old, has a musky, disagreeable taste.

Dasypus septemcinctus. The eight-banded Armadillo of Mr. Pennant. This is reckoned more delicious eating than the others.

Rhinoceros unicornis. One-horned Rhinoceros. The flesh is eaten by the natives of the places it inhabits. Rhinoceros bicornis. Two-horned Rhinoceros. The Hottentots cat the flesh of this species. It tastes like coarse pork.

Elephas maximus. this animal is edible. cious morsel.

Great Elephant. The flesh of The trunk is said to be a deli

ORDER III.-Feræ.

Phoca vitulina. Common Seal. The flesh of this animal is often eaten by voyagers, and regarded as good food.

Phoca leonina. Bottle-nosed Seal. The flesh of this species is edible. Lord Anson's people ate it under the denomination of beef, to distinguish it from that of the common seal, which they called lamb.

Viverra vulpecula. Coasse. The flesh of this species of weasel is reckoned good meat, and is not unlike that of a pig; but it must be skinned as soon as killed, and the bladder and adjacent parts taken carefully out.

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