other carriage, be suffered to stand athwart or across any street, &c. or otherwise, longer than is necessary for the loading or unloading thereof; nor any goods, materials, or things whatsoever, to be laid or placed in any street, &c. so as to obstruct the passage thereof: then and in every such case any one of the commissioners, or officers by them appointed to remove nuisances, may seize the waggon, cart, dray, or other carriage, so placed, together with the horse or horses; or the goods, materials, and things so laid and left, and remove the same to the common pound of the city, commonly called the Greenyard, till claimed by the owner or owners, on payment of the sum of 20s. with the charges of removing and keeping the same; and, in case of non-claiming and payment within the space of three days next after such seizure, it shall be lawful for the commissioners to appraise and sell the same, and the monies arising therefrom are to be applied to the purposes of this act. This clause extends to seizing, pounding, and selling in like manner, any posts, bars, rails, boards, or other thing, by way of inclosure for the purpose of making mor. tar, or depositing bricks, lime, or other materials for building or repairing houses, or other works, if suffered to remain any longer time than is necessary. The claiming of them before sold is limited to the space of eight days. "No lime is to be slacked in the foot or carriage way of the streets, &c. nor in any house, but only on vacant sites, where any house or houses are totally pulled down in order to be rebuilt, on the penalty of 40s. "The penalty of driving any bier, wheel or wheels, sledge, wheelbarrow, or other carriage whatsoever, or wilfully riding, leading, or driving any horse, coach, or any other carriage whatsoever, upon any part of the foot pavements, is 10s. for the first offence, 20s. for the second, and 40s. for the third, and every other time of offending. Any person whatsoever, without any other warrant, who shall see any such offence committed, may seize the offender, and convey him to the custody of a justice of peace, before whom he must be convicted upon oath. "The "The names of streets, &c. are to be put up, painted, engraved, or described in stone or otherwise, at or near each end, corner, or entrance, of each of the streets, &c. and the houses are to be numbered, in order for the distinguishing them; and the penalty of maliciously defacing or obliterating the same, for every such offence 40s. "The form of the new pavement is not to be altered without authority from the commissioners, on the penalty of 51. over and above the expence of relaying and reinstating the same. But the pavements are to be repaired on complaint; and, when water-pipes are broken, and the pavement taken up for repairing them, the ground must be filled up within four days after, upon the penalty of the paviour of the water company to whom the pipes belong, paying 51. or the owner of such pipes, not belonging to any of the water companies, paying 40s. The paviours of the water companies are to give notice of their names, &c. and the water companies are to pay the expence of new laying the pavement, when the pipes are broken, &c. The expence of alterations in the pipes is to be defrayed out of the monies arising or to arise by virtue of this act, and lists of the turncocks are to be delivered to the householders. "The commissioners shall have full power to cause the streets to be watered as often as they shall think fit, and to have wells sunk and pumps erected in proper places for that or any other purpose. Likewise dust holes, where the occupiers of houses and tenements are required to have all their dust, ashes, and other filth to be deposited, till the same shall be carried away by the respective rakers or scavengers. The person offending contrary to this clause is to forfeit 10s. for every offence. "The foot-ways are to be cleaned daily by the occupiers of houses or tenements, under the penalty of 2s. "The commissioners are empowered to direct the setting up of lamps, in such manner, and at such distances, as they shall judge proper, and at what time they are to be lighted, and how long to continue so; and all those who shall wilfully or accidentally break or damage lamps, &c. are are hereby compelled to make adequate satisfaction. Of fenders in the first case may be seized without warrant, and delivered into the custody of a peace officer, in order to be secured, and conveyed before some justice of the peace of the city. The commissioners are also to direct the placing of private lamps. "The property of the pavements, &c. is vested in the mayor, commonalty, and citizens of the city of London; and all actions and indictments are to be preferred in their name. "From and after the 29th day of September 1766, rates are to be collected half yearly, or oftener, as the commissioners shall think fit to order, and not to exceed 1s. 6d. in the pound in any one year; in the whole of the yearly rents of lands, houses, shops, warehouses, cellars, vaults, or other tenements or hereditaments respectively, as shall be situate in any street, &c. actually begun to be new paved; and 1s. in the pound of the yearly rents of such of the lands, houses, &c. as shail not be so situate. Those lands, houses, &c. are such as are actually rated towards the relief of the poor in the respective parishes; and the owners of the large warehouses, &c. and poor tradesmen, manufacturers, &c. upon petition to the commissioners, are intitled to relief, as they shall think just and reasonable. The parties concerned thinking themselves aggrieved by the award of the commissioners, may appeal to the court of mayor and aldermen, who shall finally determine what relief ought to be granted. "The several aldermen of the city, or their respective deputies, are impowered to examine poor-rates, and the land-tax book; duplicates of the rates are to be made out and signed, and collectors are to be chosen annually on the feast day of St. Thomas the Apostle; who are to take and subscribe an oath; or, being Quakers, a solemn affirmation, for the true and faithful execution of the office. 502. is the penalty on refusing to serve; and, notwithstanding, the party or parties continue liable to be chosen again the. year following, or at any other time; and are liable to the like penalty so often as they refuse or neglect to take, or duly execute the same. In case of death, or such refusal, the alderman of such respective ward may appoint others, under the like penalty; and the only persons exempted are those who are so by the laws now in being, from serving any ward office. "Inmates, or the occupiers of houses, in lodgings or tenement, are to pay the rates, but are to be allowed the same out of their rents by the owners. "Public buildings, hospitals excepted, may be rated at 4d. per square yard; and dead walls at 6d. per yard, running measure. St. Paul's church, and yard, are to be rated by the alderman of Castle Baynard ward, or his deputy, at such rate as the major part of his common councilmen shall judge reasonable, not exceeding the rate of 1s. 3d. in the year for every square yard of the said pavement. Wharfs, warehouses, &c. are not to pay more than two-thirds of the rates herein before directed. The rates on meeting houses are to be paid by those officiating therein; and of unoccupied houses, &c. by the first tenants or occupiers thereof. Allowance in the rent to be made by the landlords or owners. "The collector is to distrain in case of non-payment; and if distress followed, the warrant is to be backed. The penalty on the neglect of granting or executing such warrants, is 40s. Nothing in this act shall be deemed to make void any agreement between landlord and tenant, concerning the paving, cleansing, or enlightening any part of the said streets, &c. "Freemen not paying the rates, are incapable of voting; and persons aggrieved may appeal to the commissioners within thirty days next after such rates shall have been demanded; and the commissioners are to hear and determine complaints, &c." "The money collected is to be paid into the chamberlain's office; and the collector, upon demand, is to give in an account of all monies collected. The penalty or refusal to account, or make payment, is distress and sale of the VOL. I. No. 24. collector's 4 B collector's goods and chattles, and if none such sufficient to satisfy the said money, can be found with the charges of distress and sale, then the collector may be committed to one of the Compters, there to be detained, till he shall pay the same, or such composition as the commissioners shall agree to accept. "The collector dying or becoming bankrupt, his estate is liable to payment; but if insolvent, the money is to be again assessed. "The chamberlain is to pay all sums of money by order of the commissioners, and to make entries. "The present contracts for lighting, &c. the streets, are not hereby vacated. "The commissioners may borrow money on the credit of the rates, and 100,000l. may be borrowed by annuities on lives, at eight pounds per cent. to be paid by four equal quarterly payments, during the full term of the natural life of the annuitants, being of the age of forty-five years or upwards. The clerk is to enter all securities. The annuities are not liable to taxes, and the securities are transferable. The money borrowed is charged on the rates, and persons charged towards these rates, are not liable to any former rates, in pursuance of any former acts of parliament towards the paving, cleansing, &c. of the said city and liberties; but arrears of former rates are still recoverable. "The surplus remaining in the chamber of London, under act 17 George II. is to be applied to this act. "And to the end and intent that the useful purposes of this act may the better and more speedily be carried into execution, from and after the first Sunday next after the passing of this act, the following tolls are to be taken at the turnpikes at Mile End, Bethnal Green, Hackney, Kingsland, Ball's Pound or Pond Islington, Holloway, end of St. John's Street, end of Goswell Street, and the turnpike on the new road, commonly called the City Road, all which turnpikes are in the county of Middlesex; viz. "For every coach, chariot, berlin, chaise, chair, calash, or other carriage, drawn by six or more horses, the sum of |