any plaints, process, or proceedings in law and equity, had, made, given, taken, or done, or depending, in the mayor's, or either of the sheriffs courts, or any other court, within the said city, or liberties thereof, since the said judgment given, shall be avoided for want, or defect, of any legal power in those, that acted as judges, justices, officers, or ministers of, in, or, as belonging to any of the said courts; but that all and every such recoveries, verdicts, judgments, and other things above mentioned, and the actings, doings, and proceedings thereupon, shall be of such and no other force, effect, and virtue, than as if such judges, justices, officers, and ministers, had acted by virtue of legal authority; and that no person, or persons, shall be in any wise prosecuted, sued, impeached, or molested, for any cause, or thing by him or them lawfully acted or done, in pursuance of any such charters, letters patents, grants, or commissions.

6. Provided, that this act shall not extend to discharge any person or persons from any penalty, or penalties, or forfeitures by him, or them incurr'd, for not duly qualifying him or themselves to act on the said charters, letters patents, grants, or commissions.

"7. And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all officers, and ministers of the said city, that rightfully held any office or place in the said city, or liberties thereof, or in the Borough of Southwark, at the time when the said judgment was given, are hereby confirmed, and shall have and enjoy the same as fully as they held them, at the time of the said judgment given, except such as have voluntarily surrendered any such office or place, or have been removed for any just cause; and that every person who, since the said judgment given, hath been chosen, admitted, and placed into any office or employment within the said city, upon the death, surrender, or removal, as aforesaid, of the former officers, shall be and is hereby confirmed in his said office or employment, and shall have and enjoy the same in as full and ample manner, as if he had been admitted or placed therein, according to the ancient customs of the said city. "S. Provided

"8. Provided also, and be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all leases and grants of any of the lands, te nements, hereditaments, and other things, before the time of the said judgment given, belonging to the said mayor, and commonalty, and citizens, and usually leased or granted by them, made since the time of the said judgment given, by the said late king Charles the Second, or king James the Second, or by any person or persons taking upon them to be trusty for the said city, for the preservation or maintenance of the government, or publick offices for the said city, by or upon pretence of any grant or commission by their said late majesties king Charles the Second, and king James the Second, or either of them, such grants or leases, being made for just, good, and valuable considerations, and whereupon the old accustomed yearly rent, or more, hath been reserved, payable into the chambers of Bridge House, or any of the hospitals of the said city, shall be as good and valid for the terms and under the rents, payments, provisoes, conditions, covenants, and agreements therein respectively contained, against the mayor and commonalty, and citizens, and their successors, as if the same had been made by the mayor and commonalty, and citizens of the said city, under their common seal, and the said judgment had never been given, and not otherwise. And the said mayor and commonalty, and citizens and their successors, shall have the benefit and advantage of all rents, reservations, payments, conditions, covenants, clauses and agreements in every such grant or lease contained; and the like remedy for non-payment, breach, or non-observance thereof, as if the said grants or leases had been made by the said mayor and commonalty and citizens, and the said rents, payments, conditions, covenant, clauses, and agreements had been made payable, reserved, covenanted, or agreed to and with the said mayor and commonalty, and citizens.

"9. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all judgments, decrees and sentences had or obtained by any person or persons, taking upon them to be trustees as aforesaid, for or concerning any lands, tenements, duties,

tolls,

tolls, and interests whatsoever, of or belonging to the said mayor and commonalty, and citizens of the said city, shall stand and remain in force, and shall be prosecuted and executed by, and to and for the use of the said mayor, and commonalty, and citizens, as if the same had been obtained in the name of the said mayor and commonalty, and citizens, and that all persons, being natural born subjects or denizens, that have been admitted into the freedom of the said city since the judgment given, shall be free thereof, and have and enjoy the said freedom to all intents and purposes, as if they had been thereunto admitted before the said judgment.

"10. Provided always, that the present mayor, sheriffs, chamberlain, and common council of the said city, shall continue until a new election shall be made of such officers, and the persons elected, sworn into their respective offices, and that such election be made at the times hereafter mentioned ; that is to say, the election of the mayor, and sheriffs, and chamberlain, shall be made on the 26th day of May 1690; and the election of the common council, shall be made on the 10th day of June 1690; and such persons, so elect, shall continue till the usual times of election of such offices, according to the ancient usage and custom of the said city, and from thence shall continue till the year ensuing.

"11. Provided nevertheless, and be it enacted, that the mayor, sheriffs, chamberlain, and common council, which were in being at the time, at the said judgment given, shall be and continue in those respective offices and places, till new elections be made of the like officers and common council, according to the ancient usage and custom of the said city.

12. And be it further enacted, that all persons so to be restored and continued, shall be and are hereby required to take the oaths appointed by a certain act made in the first year of their majesties reign, intitled, "An act for abrogating the oaths of supremacy and allegiance, and appointing other oaths," the next term after such restitution, under the penalties, forfeitures, disabilities, and incapacities in the said act provided and appointed

VOL. I. No. 13.

PP

"13. And

"13. And be it enacted that the mayor, sheriffs, and chamberlain, so to be elected, shall be sworn in the usual manner, on or before the 20th day of June next ensuing.

"14. And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all and several of the companies and corporations of the said city, shall from henceforth stand and be incorporated by such name and names, and in such sort and manner, as they respectively were at the time of the said judgment given, and every of them are hereby restored to all and every the lands, tenements, hereditaments, rights, titles, estates, liberties, powers, privileges, precedencies, and immunities, which they lawfully had and enjoyed at the time of giving the said judgment; and that as well all surrenders, as charters, letters patents, and grants, for new incorporating any of the said companies, or touching or concerning any of their liberties, privileges or franchises, made or granted by the said late king James the Second, or by the said king Charles the Second, since the giving of the said judgment, shall be void, and are hereby declared null and void, to all intents and purposes whatsoever. Provided nevertheless, that no person or persons shall be in any wise prosecuted, sued, impeached, or molested, for any cause or thing by him or them lawfully acted, or done, in pursuance of any such letters patents, or grants.

"15. Provided also nevertheless, and it is hereby further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that all leases, terms and estates made or granted by any of the said companies since the giving of the said judgment, for just and valuable considerations, and whereupon the old accustomed yearly rents, or more, are reserved, shall stand, and be of the same force and effect, as if the same had been made or granted by the said several companies as hereby restored; and the said respective companies and their successors shall have the benefit and advantage of all rents, reservations, payments, conditions, covenants, clauses and agreements, in all and every such lease or grant contained, and the like remedy therefore, as if the same grants and leases had been made by the said respective companies as now restored, and the said rents, payments,

payments, conditions, covenants, clauses, and agreements had been made payable, reserved, covenanted, and agreed to or with them respectively.

"16. Provided also, and be it further enacted, that all and every person and persons, who at any time since the said judgment have been admitted into the freedom of, or into the liveries of the said companies, according to the usages and customs of the said city, and their respective companies, shall be and enjoy all the rights and privileges of a freeman and liveryman, to all intents and purposes, as if they had been admitted before the said judgment.

"17. Provided always, and be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, that this present act of parliament shall be accepted, taken, and reputed to be a general public act of parliament; of which, all and every the judge and judges of this kingdom, in all courts, shall take notice on all occasions whatsoever, as if it were a public act of parliament relating to the whole kingdom; any thing herein contained to the contrary thereof, in any wise notwithstanding."

The year 1691, was remarkable for several marks of the good understanding which continued to subsist betwixt the government and the city. The war in Ireland, which had been raised by the ex-monarch, with a view to re-establish himself, having been ended, by the bravery of the English forces under general Ginckle, who, in consequence had been created Earl of Athlone, the king paid a visit to his Dutch dominions, and thinking that the kingdom of England was in safety, appointed the queen regent during his absence; but the Popish faction, disappointed in their other endeavours at anarchy, took the opportunity of William's absence to to involve the capital and nation in fresh confusion. But threats of invasion by the French, contrary to the measures intended, had the effect of uniting in one great cause, the whole body of the nation. The citizens had previously raised nine thousand volunteer trained bands, completely armed and ready to march wherever her majesty should appoint. The lieutenancy of the city, now resolved to add