clerk of the market, nor the sheriff of Surry, do in any re spect intermeddle therein.

"Also to hold a fair three days in the year, viz. the seventh, eighth, and ninth days of September, and that they may from time to time, have a court of pyepowders, with all summons, attachments, &c. belonging to the same, and also that they may have a view of frank-pledge, with all that thereunto appertaineth, &c.

"He also grants that the mayor, commonalty, or their deputies, may take and arrest all felons, thieves, &c. and commit them to Newgate, which are apprehended in Southwark; and further grants to the mayor and his successors, &c. that they may for ever have the town aforesaid, with all the liberties, &c. in as large a manner as if the same were in his own hands, paying for the same only ten pounds, for the antient farm; the rights of the archbishop of Canterbury only excepted.

"In his second charter, ann. 3. he grants to the mayor, commonalty, &c. the * tronage and weighing of wool, by whom, or from whatsoever parts brought to the said city of London, and that all wool that formerly was brought to the staple of Westminster, be henceforth brought to Leadenhall, within the said city; and, that there be no other staple within three miles of the same, &c.

"In his third charter, ann. 18. he grants to the citizens of London, &c. upon their relcasing of one thousand nine hundred and twenty-three pounds, nine shillings, and eight pence, out of a certain sum of twelve thousand nine hundred and twenty-three pounds, nine shillings and eight pence, then owing to the city from the king, license to purchase two hundred marks per annum, in † mortmain; and also grants to any person, liberty to grant to the said city of London, two hundred marks per annum, in mortmain, as

Tronage, is a duty paid at the city beam, for weighing lead, wax, pepper, allum, &c.

+ Mortmain, an alienation of lands and tenements to any gild, corporation, or fraternity, which might not be done without the king's li

cence.

aforesaid,

aforesaid, to enjoy and hold the same, without any letters patent, or any inquisition upon any writ of ad quod damnum, or any other the king's commandments, &c. with privilege to have as many writs of ad quod damnum, as shall be sufficient for their utmost satisfaction for the said sum of one thousand nine hundred and twenty-three pounds, nine shillings, and eight pence *.

"In his fourth charter, ann. 18. he grants to the said ci. tizens of London, in parliament, in consideration of the sum of seven thousand pounds, the respective offices of packing, portage, garbling, gauging, and wine drawing, the same to be executed by them, or their sufficient deputies; and also grants them, in consideration of the said sum of seven thousand pounds, the office of coroner, with power to the mayor and commonalty, to grant the said office of coroner to whom they pleased; and also that the mayor and aldermen, &c. as aforesaid, might have full power and authority to exercise the said office of coroner; he causes the said offices of chief butler and coroner, to be divided, and made two separate and distinct offices-and that no other coroner, but the coroner belonging to the city of London, do intermeddle in any respect in the said city.

66

Henry VII. ann. 1. grants to the city by his charter, that if any strangers to the city of London, buy any wares or merchandize of any person, being likewise a stranger to the said city, that all merchandizes so bought, should be forfeited, &c. That any stranger, &c. may buy any quantities of commodities in gross, but not to sell again. He likewise confirms to them the office of gauger within the said city, to hold the same with all fees, profits, &c.

"Henry VIII. in his first charter, ann. 10. grants, that the inquisitions, &c. formerly taken in St. Martin's le Grand, should be from henceforth taken in London, except only inquisitions taken in eyre in the Tower of London, and for the gaol delivery of Newgate.

"By his second charter, ann. 22. he cancels Sir William Sidney's patent, relating to the great beam and common balance, belonging to the city of London, and declares, that

This charter was confirmed in parliament, 3 Hen. VIII.

the

the keeping the said beam and weights belong to the city, by prescription; and ordains, that the weights and beams for weighing merchants commodities, be and ought to be in the hands of persons chosen by the mayor and commonalty; and that they shall have the tronage, (that is, the weighing of wax, lead, pepper, allum, &c.) and be keepers of the great beam, and common balances as granted by Henry IV.

"In the same charter, the mayor, commonalty, and citizens, are ordained keepers of the beams, weights, &c. with power and authority to make and assign clerks, porters, &c. of the said great beam and balance, and of the iron beam, and of the beam of the still yard and weights aforesaid, with all the fees and profits thereto belonging, without account, &c.

"Edward VI. ann. 4. in his charter *, grants to the mayor of London, &c. several messuages in Southwark, with their appurtenances, except the capital messuage, called Southwark Palace, the Park, and Antelope, with all the garden ground, buildings, &c. thereto belonging.

"He further grants the manor of Southwark, belonging to the late monastery of Bermondsey, with all appurtenances; and also the manor and borough of Southwark, late parcel of the possession of the archbishop of Canterbury, with several other lands, tenements, &c. in as full and large a manner as the Duke of Suffolk, or any abbot of Bermondsey, or archbishop of Canterbury did enjoy the same; and in as full and large a manner as the same, did or ought to have come to his father, Henry VIII. &c.

"He likewise grants in consideration of five hundred marks paid into the treasury, &c. several other things to the mayor, &c. viz. waifs, estrays, treasure found, goods of traitors, felons, fugitives, outlaws, and deodands, and also all escheats and forfeitures formerly belonging to the king and his heirs, &c.

"Also, that the mayor, and commonalty, should have the assize of bread, wine, beer, and ale, &c. and whatsoever

* This part of the charter, with remarks on its infraction, has been more particularly noticed in p. 129, &c. of this volume.

did belong to the clerk of the market; as likewise the execution and return of writs, warrants, &c.

"He further grants them a fair for three days every year, in Southwark, with a court of piepoudre *, with all liberties and free custom to such a court appertaining.

"He likewise grants them a view of frankpledge, together with all summons, attachments, arrests, issues, profits, &c. which therefore may, or ought, to belong to the king, his heirs, and successors, &c.

"He also grants them liberty to apprehend felons, thieves, and other malefactors within the said town, borough, &c. and to carry them to Newgate, there to be kept till they shall be delivered by due course of law and also grants, that the mayor, commonalty, &c. have the same liberties in the borough and town aforesaid, as the king should have, if the same were in his hands.

"He likewise grants, that they should hold pleas in London for matters in Southwark; and that the jurors in Southwark, making default before the mayor and sheriffs of London, should forfeit their issues, and suffer such amercements as the men impannelled and summoned in the said city of London, are liable to.

"He further grants, that the mayor and commonalty, &c. have cognizance of all manner of pleas, actions, plaints, and suits personal arising in Southwark; and also grants that the mayor, &c. may choose two coroners for Southwark, and that no coroner belonging to the king, have any power to intermeddle there.

"He likewise grants, that the mayor of London be +escheator in Southwark, and that no other intermeddle : and that the said mayor be clerk of the market in South. wark, and that the king's clerk of the market do not intermeddle, &c.

"He further grants them franchises, stallages, pick

* Piepoudre (pieds poudreux, dusty feet) a court established at fairs, wherein all causes were to be summarily determined, or while the dust was still on the feet of the offender.

Escheator, an officer who looked after the lands or profits that fell to the king within his manor, either by forfeiture or death.

VOL. I. No. 9.

Dd

ages,

ages, &c. which any archbishop of Canterbury, or the said Duke of Suffolk, &c. did enjoy; and that none of the king's officers or ministers do intermeddle in any respect in the said town and borough of Southwark.

"He likewise grants, that all and singular the inhabitants of Southwark, be under the magistracy and government of the mayor and officers of London, as the citizens and inhabitants of the said city be; and that the said mayor, &c. have the same jurisdiction in Southwark as in London, &c.

"He grants also, that the mayor, recorder, and aldermen, that are justices of the peace in London, shall be justices of the peace in Southwark; and that there be markets in Southwark, for four days a week. Provided nevertheless, that this grant doth not prejudice the steward of the king's house, &c.

"He moreover grants, to save the city harmless against all corrodies, rates, fees, and annuities, given out, or to be paid out of the premisses, reserving to himself the services in the said charter reserved, and the fee farm of ten pounds per annum.

"King James I. in his charter, grants the mayor, &c. to be chief bailiff, and have the conservation of the river of Thames, and the extent of his jurisdiction to be westward to Stanes bridge, in the county of Middlesex, and eastward as far as Kendal, alias, Yendal, or Yen-Leet, with all the fees and profits thereunto belonging.

"He likewise grants to the mayor, &c. to have the office of measuring all coals and grain, and of all salt, apples, &c. and to take the fees and profits belonging to the said office, to the sole use of him the said mayor, &c. without any lett or hindrance of the king, or any other person, and to hold the said office without account, and that no other water-bailiff, conservator, or measurer, intermeddle: and the grants of the said officers to remain firm to the mayor, &c. notwithstanding any non-user, or abuser of the same.

Corrody, an allowance of meat and drink out of a religious or other house, towards maintenance of any person whom the king should ap point, or money paid in lieu thereof.