101915 A PRACTICAL EXPOSITION OF THE ART FOR THE USE OF ENGINEERS, STUDENTS, AND OTHERS INTERESTED IN ELECTRICAL PLANTS VOLUME II. DISTRIBUTING SYSTEM AND LAMPS BY FRANCIS B. CROCKER, E.M., PH.D. PROFESSOR OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING IN COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, NEW YORK PREFACE. IN presenting this second volume on the subject of Electric Lighting, attention is called to the fact that it relates to the conductors for transmitting and distributing the current, commonly called the distribution system, to the lamps, the supply of which is the final object of the entire system, and to the various auxiliary devices, such as switches, cut-outs, meters, etc., employed in connection with the same. In short, the present volume covers all parts of electric lighting systems outside of the generating plants, the first volume being devoted to the latter. The properties of conductors and various systems of electrical distribution, including direct current, as well as single and polyphase currents, occupy the first half of the book. Overhead and underground conductors are next discussed, and then arc lamps are treated in considerable detail, since they are important features in electric lighting, and have not been very fully treated in other publications. Interior wiring, incandescent and other forms of lamps, and finally electric meters are given considerable attention. An appendix, containing the National Electrical Code, and another the Report of the Committee on Standardization are included, these being the rules which must, or at least should be, followed in constructing or operating any electrical system. In treating each branch of the subject, the principles have first been given with considerable fullness, being followed by practical examples of the prominent methods and forms of apparatus employed in actual practice. In the space available it has been impossible to go deeply into any subject, but the attempt has been made to cover the important elements and their relation, so that they may be understood and used successfully. Both volumes are intended as text books for engineering schools and as hand books for practicing engineers, and for that reason abstruse and detailed matter has been omitted as far as possible. The National Electrical Code, containing the requirements according to which all electric lighting and other installations should be made, is so important that it is printed in full in Appendix I. The corrections made in December, 1900, were anticipated, and have been incorporated. The Report of the Committee on Standardization of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers being also of fundamental importance, is given in full in Appendix II. The author is glad to take this opportunity to thank many friends for information and assistance. Messrs. J. W. Lieb, C. W. Rice, and P. Torchio of New York, and Mr. W. S. Barstow of Brooklyn, kindly gave the benefit of their wide experience in connection with electrical distribution. Messrs. Clark and McMullen of New York rendered valuable assistance in connection with overhead and underground conductors. To Mr. Joseph Bijur the author is specially indebted for a great deal contained in the chapters on the electric arc and arc lamps. Mr. John W. Howell, of the General Electric Lamp Works, very kindly read over the proof of the chapter on incandescent lamps, in which subject no one has had greater and more successful experience. Mr. C. S. Aylmer-Small assisted the author in collecting material, in proof-reading, and in other ways. Finally, thanks are due to the General Electric, Westinghouse, and other companies, which have freely given information and illustrations. |