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Literary and Scientific Mirror.

UTILE DULCI.”

Nantwich-E. Jones;

Stockport-J. Dawson;
-T. Claye;
Sunderland, G. arbutt;
Ulverston-J.Soulby;
Wakefield-Mrs. Hurst;
Warrington-J. Harrison;
Welchpool-R. Owen;

This familiar Miscellany, from which religious and political matters are excluded, containsa variety of original and selected Articles: comprehending Literature, Criticism, Men and Manners
Amusement, Elegant Extracts, Poetry, Anecdotes, Biography, Meteorology, the Drama, Arts and Sciences, Wit and Satire, Fashions, Natural History, &c. &c. forming a handsome Annual
Volame, with an Index and Title-page. Its circulation renders it a most eligible medium for Literary and Fashionable Advertisements.—Regular supplies are forwarded weekly to the Agents, viz.
ONDON Sherwood & Burnley-T. Sutcliffe; Dublin-DeJoncourt and Hull-J. Perkins;
Prescot-A. Ducker
Co. Genrl. Post-office; Kendal--M. & R. Branthwaite; Newcastle-under-Lyme-J.Mort; Preston-P. Whittle;
and the Booksellers. Kirkby-Lonsdale-J. Foster;
Durham-Geo. Andrews; Lancaster-J. Miller;
Glasgow-Robertson &Co.; Leeds-H. Spink;
Halifax-R. Simpson; Manchester-Silburn & Co.;
-N. Whitley; J. Fletcher; T. Sowler;
Hanley-T. Allbut;
B. Wheeler; and G. Ben-
Harrogate-T. Langdale; tham & Co.
Haslingden-J. Read ; Macclesfield-P. Hall;
Huddersfield-T. Smart; Mottram-R. Wagstaff;

Co. Booksellers; E.Marl-Burslem-S. Brougham;
borough, Newsvender;
horse, Derb-W. Hoon;
hon-T. Cunningham;
Bon, S. Bassford;
Singham-R.Wrightson
Bolce-Kell; Brand wood;
Hackbar T Rogerson;
Red-J. Stanfield;

Bury J. Kay;
Carlisle J. Jollie;
Chester-R. Taylor;
Chorley-R. Parker;
Clithero-H. Whalley;
Colne-H. Earnshaw;
Congleton J. Parsons;
Denbigh-M. Jones;
Brigs-Hillyard & Morgan;|Doncaster-C. & J. White;

No. 223.-VOL. V.

Men and Manners.

ON THE CHOICE OF A PROFESSION.

TO THE EDITOR.

Newcastle-u.-Tyne-J. Finley;
Newtown, J. Salter;
Northwich-G. Fairhurst;
Nottingham-C. Sutton;
North Shields, Miss Barnes';
Oldham-J. Dodge:
Ormskirk-W. Garside;
Oswestry-W. Price;
Penrith J. Shaw;

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 5. 1824.

-I. Wilcockson;
Ripon T. Langdale;
Rochdale -J. Hartley;
Sheffield-T. Orton;
Shrewsbury-C. Hulbert;

Southport-W. Garside; Wigan-Lyon and Co.;
South Shields, W. Barnes;
J. Brown;

Stoke-R C.Tomkinson; Wrexham J. Painter;
St. Helen's-1. Sharp;

York-W.Alexander.

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cipal families of Tuscany had supplied Eliza with he chamberlains, her squires, and ladies of honour, all these persons took part in the entertainments, given at the houses of the Receiver-General and of the superior authorities. I shall forbear here from mentioning particular names, as perhaps there never was a more dissolute court than the little court of Florence. It was lamentable to behold the abject submission of the poor Prince of Lucca and Piombino to the orders of the Princess, his wife. When the dispatches arrived from Paris, Eliza always contrived to have them given to her at some ball or evening assembly: she was limited to the privilege of opening the public journals. This afforded matter of ridicule in the town, but as Bacciochi was an excellent man at the bottom, he was much better liked than his wife.

subtle points of disputation are to be found in reports, and may be learned in theory, as well as by practice in the several courts; but almost every disease, incident to the human frame, varies according to the constitution of the patient, and actual observation alone can impart the neces6rx,-I beg through the medium of your useful mis-sary degree of skill. If these opinions be correct, the young ellany to solicit the opinions of some of your intelligent attorney has a greater probability of sooner establishing himrespondents upon the choice of a profession; more par-self in practice than a surgeon, and without hazarding exeularly I wish to inquire, if there be any general advan-penses beyond his income. But the strongest argument in ages possessed by the student of the law, over the young favour of the legal profession, I think, may be deduced from tactitioner in medicine, or the reverse; and would some the respective situation of the parties in middle life: the inf your professional readers state the merits of their respec-terruption to his domestic comforts which a surgeon in ex-unsealed the letters, while the authority of her husband ive vocations, the discussion would oblige a correspondent, tensive practice is necessarily subjected to, must weigh in and might prove not uninteresting to the public at large. It the estimation of any man, who would wish to render s with considerable diffidence that I subjoin my own senti- home the circle of his happiness: an attorney can assign sents, conscious that peculiar circumstances have given me certain hours of the day to business, join his family at the Prepossession in favour of the law, once having had the hap- social meal, and even in extensive practice can generally iness of possessing a near relative, who united in his own command the evening to spend in serious study, mixed haracter at the early age of twenty-four, the most pro-society, or domestic endearments by his own fire-side. In bund legal knowledge, with extensive general reading, porless integrity of principle, combined with all the softer belings that could ornament the circle of domestic life, and the talents that could dignify the sphere of public labours. With such a model indelibly fixed in my remembrance, I feel justified in maintaining, in defiance of common prejudice, the possibility of uniting high legal attainments with pure classical taste, the manners of a gentleman with the mind of a Christian, a combination that secured to its vented possessor, even at so early an age, a considerable tre of practice, totally unsupported by family interest or fonexions.

I am disposed to think, Mr. Editor, that the habits équired during the study of the law, are more favourable the general stability of character, than the occupations the young medical pupil; a certain steadiness of appliation will be the result of what may be termed the mere rudgery of the profession; a youth employed in copying tengrossing for several hours each day, during the space *4 or 5 years, will have his habits of application and perverance materially strengthened, and his mind will be épared to enjoy the study of general literature as a pleas

I met with a friend residing at Florence, who gave me much information which I desired to have respecting the government of General Menou, who had become a Musadvanced life, too, when increasing infirmities disincline sulman in Egypt, under the name of Abdallah. The fate to exertion, the balance still seems to predominate in his of this General was singular, and his name is connected favour; for a greater degree of bodily strength is requisite with circumstances in the history of that period, which to continue the practice of a surgeon, than is necessary to will long be inexplicable. No one ever loved pomp and conduct an attorney's office. I have said little or nothing magnificence more than he did, or felt more reluctance to as to the prejudice frequently entertained against the law, pay his creditors. On his return from Egypt, M. de because I would be understood to speak only with refer- Menou succeeded General Jourdan in the government of ence to the respectable members of both professions. I Piedmont. The Egyptian lady whom he had married, imagine there is as great scope for quackery in medicine, resided at Turin, with the young Soliman, her son, but as chicanery in the law; but one is practised in the privacy he never brought them to Florence. He gave a ball at of a sick chamber, the other is exposed in a public court Turin, which was still spoken of at the time that I passed of justice: but I have stated my opinions, Mr. Editor, through that city. The invitations were given out for more as grounds for refutation, than from any conviction Shrove Sunday, and the ball continued without interthat they are incontrovertible arguments; and if any of ruption till the following Wednesday morning. During your professional readers will refute them, and give a com- all that time, breakfasts, dinners, and suppers were preparative statement of the merits of each profession, I thinkpared for all the company: the side-boards were continually it would not be unacceptable to parents generally, and replenished with refreshments, and the musicians as they would confer an essential service upon grew tired, relieved by others. The guests were obliged to escape by stratagem, to take repose, and change their dress, but the ball was never completely abandoned, and was concluded with much brilliancy and gaiety. The Egyptian lady never appeared at this entertainment, and it was thought that General Menou, whose manners were so amiable in the world, was a tyrant to his wife. One evening when she was present at the representation of le Tyran Domestique, by a company of French comedians, she exclaimed with much simplicity to some one sitting near her, "How like he is to the General, when he is in a good humour."

Campagna di Roma, A. U. C. 2577.

NO. XXVII.

CORNELIA.

THE GARDENS OF BOBOLI AND CASCINE.

FROM L'HERMITE EN ITALIE, THE LATEST WORK OF M. JOUY.
[Translated expressly for the Kaleidoscope.]

relaxation. If it be true also, that the law has a conactile power upon the human mind, its effects cannot e more effectually counteracted than by extensive and general reading, and we may augur well of that mind hat can be brought to regard as its amusement, those sursuits which to many are a serious study. At the eriod of commencing practice, the young surgeon labours Nothing is more delicious than to hear the stanzas of nder a serious disadvantage, while an unmarried man; Ariosto recited by the Italian women; their correct and sd if he possess no private fortune, it is a painful specu- elegant accentuation gives to poetry a charm of which we tion to marry, in the hope of amending his prospects, can hardly form any idea. At the time that I was in ben he reflects, that he may involve in the evils of po- Florence, the favourite topic of conversation was the beauerty, those he would shield from every ill; and indepen- tiful reader of the Princess Eliza, who had just married ent of this consideration, a greater degree of experimen- the Receiver-General of the department of the Arno. I al knowledge than a young man can be supposed to have never knew a more accomplished or a more beautiful ad opportunities of acquiring, is necessary to the obtain-woman; she received a great deal of company, and cultig of our confidence in a medical capacity. It is possible vated particularly the society of the French. The French >make a profound lawyer by deep study alone; the most in general mixed little with the natives: yet as the prin

General Menou must have rendered great services to Napoleon. He received, annually, a salary of 300,000 francs, which were assured to him for life, even when he had quitted Florence to repair to Venice, where he held an office entirely without importance. Notwithstanding this favour, the title of Count, and the great eagle of the Legion of Honour bestowed upon him at the same time, he could not obtain permission to come to Paris. At Venice, when he was about seventy-two years old, General Menou became desperately in love with the first singer o'

the theatre of la Fenice: they lived together some time, but the latter having deserted him for a young man, the General pursued her to Padua. As all his entreaties to engage her to return with him proved in vain, the poor General, after a long and not inglorious life, put an end to this adventure and to his existence by a deplorable catastrophe. Among the papers of General Menou, were found plans of the course of the Nile, made in Egypt, which, upon examination, were found to coincide exactly with the maps traced by Danville. That learned man, who had so well explored the world, during a life of eighty years, had, nevertheless, made no other journey than that from Paris to Soissons.

These recollections, not entirely connected with Florence, have somewhat carried me away from my text, and the reader will perhaps have asked me before this time, what is Boboli? Boboli is a garden of the most enchanting beauty, even when compared with the finest gardens in Europe, with those of the King of Bavaria at Nymphenbourg, with St. James's Park, Kensington Gardens, Versailles, or our delicious Tuileries. In the present day, the gardens of Alcinöus, such as they are described by Homer, would be little esteemed. The vegetation of England can bear no comparison with the fine trees which shade the gardens of Boboli. Lawns of the most delightful verdure are intercepted by alleys leading to groves, grottos, and labyrinths. A tower built upon an elevated terrace, commands a view of the distant hills and plains, and of the towns of Prato and Pistoja. It is well known that the pistol owes its name to the latter town, where it was invented. During several evenings devoted to the pleasure of walking, we could not satiate ourselves with visits to all the secret avenues, and secluded bowers of Boboli. This garden is so vast, that it requires at least an hour and a half to walk round it, and it is impossible to prevent one's self from pausing frequently to observe the rich and beautiful prospects, which present themselves at every turn. An avenue, bordered by delicious flowers, leads to the Roman gate, and the landscape here discovered is so varied and agreeable, that one leaves the gardens almost without regret.

The Florentines consider their grand ducal palace as one of the finest monuments in Italy. It is called the palace of Pitti, from the name of a Florentine gentleman who built it. Cosmo the First purchased it, and made it the place of his residence.

This monument, constructed in 1555, after the design of Andrea Orgagna, is quite consistent in character with the period and customs of the republic. There the first offices of state were conferred, laws were promulgated, and the people harangued. This edifice, not less remarkable for its original destination than for the beauty of its proportions, is now used only as a retreat during the hot weather. The porters of Florence sleep extended upon the steps formerly ascended only by the first men of the state. The place where this palace stands is called la Loggia dell'Orgagna, from the name of its author.

Between the palace of Pitti and the Palazzo Vecchio there is a long street formed by two piazzas, of which the end next the Arno adjoins another piazza less wide, called the Piazza of the Offices. This monument was commenced by Cosmo the First, in 1561, on the design of George Vasari. When I visited these colonnades they were filled with crowds of people, and I had an opportunity of observing the dress and appearance of the middling class of ladies in Florence. There is an elegance in the costume and manners of the inhabitants of this country, which I never met with except in Italy. Some of the men have fine features, but there is generally a want of manliness in the expression of their countenances. Much less defec. tive is the beauty of the women. Their figures are slender and finely formed, their deportment graceful, and in their countenances are happily blended dignity without sternnecs, and gentleness without insipidity.

The palace of Pitti, built of large, hard, square stones, blackened by time, resembles a fortress. It is two hun

dred and fifty fathoms long, and its front is divided at
two-thirds of its height by a semicircular projection. The
access to the principal door is up a slope, commencing at
the lower extremity of the square. The interior is exceed
ingly rich and valuable. A lofty gallery surrounds the
first court, which is rendered gloomy by the height of the
walls. In the centre of this court there is a statue of
Hercules, attributed to Lysippus, a sculptor who lived in
the time of Alexander, and executed several works in
obedience to the command of that conqueror. There is
also a statue of David, armed with a sling, executed by
Michel Angelo Buonarotti at the age of nineteen, a Nep-
tune in the midst of a marble fountain embellished by
bronze figures, and an equestrian statue of Cosmo the
First, the work of Jean de Bologne. My curiosity was
excited by a singular monument, near the old palace,
enriched by Gothic ornaments, of which the general
proportions were conformable with the system of the an-
cients. This is a large tribunal, or lodge, ornamented by
three arcades, and surrounded in the interior by a range
of steps built against the walls. The ascent to this tri-scend to the edge of the water.
bunal is by a flight of steps surrounding the base of the
edifice. The lower extremity is adorned by six marble
statues. Under the arcade, on the right, there is the
Rape of the Sabines, a highly-esteemed work of Jean de
Bologne; under that, on the left, the Perseus of Ben-
venuto Cellini, a statue full of vigour and genius; and
under the lateral arcade, the statue of Judith killing
Holofernes, by Donatello.

Pitti, a rich citizen of Florence, conceived the project building this palace in 1440, on the design of Brunelles The work was carried on under his descendants, and from the time of Cosmo the First, this place has not ceased be the residence of the Dukes of Tuscany, who have a contributed to its beauty, and to collect within its wall the most valuable master-pieces of art. The palace et Pitti, and the gardens of Boboli have evidently served a a model to the park and palace of Versailles. The Grand Dukes of Tuscany possess another charmin country house called le Cascine dell'Isola, where there a very fine breed of cows and an extensive dairy. T pretty wood delle Cascine, the southern boundary of whic is watered by the Arno, is, every evening, between t hours of six and seven, the favourite resort of the fashio able inhabitants of Florence. A wide road traverses i and leads to the country-house of the Grand Dukes, ba in the year 1787. The opposite shores of the Arno adorned by the convent and church of Saint Miniato, an by the rich and beautiful gardens delle Cascine, which da Returning from this walk may be visited a convent Franciscans, adjoining to the church of Ognissanti, which the cloister is adorned by paintings in fram, by Lagozzi, remarkable for their fine colouring. Among them there are some portraits of the principal personage of the order, not inferior in vigour to oil paintings, an far exceeding them in delicacy. Opposite this conven stands the palace of Martellini, whose antique and su Volumes might be filled with details of the works of gular form carries back the recollection to the troubles art accumulated in this palace. Seven spacious apart- the middle ages. Further on is the hospital of Saint Joh ments, distinguished by the names of Venus, Apollo, of God, of an irregular style of architecture, but excl Mars, Jupiter, Hercules, the Sibylla, and the Bath, are lently adapted in its internal arrangements to promote th particularly remarkable for their sculptures, paintings, and comfort of the invalids. The entrance from the street a mosaics. There, admiration is divided among the works a wide gallery, having a double winding staircase at th of Salvador Rosa, Borgagnone, Veronese, Rubens, Pierre end. In the middle there is a marble group representing de Cortone, Andrea del Sarto, Titian, Michel Angelo, the archangel Saint Michael with Saint John, looking Vandyke, Guido Reni, Cigoli, Guercino, Annibale Car- down upon a poor man prostrated at his feet Behind racci, Pietro Perugino, Tintoretto, Fra-Bartolomeo, Leo- this group, and at the top of two staircases leading to the nardo da Vinci, the great Raphael, and many other re-principal dormitory, there is an altar, at the foot of which nowned painters and sculptors.

A modern and elegant pavilion of the palace of Pitti, constructed and decorated in the French style, commands a view of the gardens of Boboli. It was the scene of the a court festivals, and often inhabited by the grand Duchess Eliza during the summer season. On the recommendation of one of her chamberlains, I was one day intro duced into her working cabinet, adjoining a pretty boudoir. I could not conceal my surprise, when, instead of fashionable ornaments, and elegant hangings, I beheld a display of large topographical maps, spread out upon desks, a number of physical instruments and books of science; I should have imagined myself to be rather in the cabinet of a philosopher or a statesman, than in that of a woman, who, however, it must be allowed, possessed little beauty.

Cosmo the Second had considerably enlarged the magnificent dwelling of the grand Dukes of Tuscany; Leopold added still more to it, less from a love of magnificence than from a sentiment of humanity, as he was well aware that the best alms a sovereign can bestow upon his needy subjects is to supply them with work. An amphitheatre and splendid theatre were therefore constructed in the gardens of Boboli, so that every pleasure might be enjoyed within the precincts of this delicious abode. The gardens of Boboli are in the form of a harpsichord, the greatest dimension of which runs parallel with the palace. A long avenue, intersecting the area, leads to the summit of a hill, on the left of which is a pavilion, and beyond its walls a small fort. This spot commands a view of the whole length of the garden, traversed by an immense avenue ornamented by statues in white marble, and vases of the same material, placed as the receptacles of water-falls. On each side of this avenue are woods intersected by regular walks, and gradually diminishing in thickness towards the extremity of the garden. Lucca

I saw several young priests, convalescent patients, attend ants, and overseers reciting litanies, whilst the sick, v were confined to their beds, joined in the responses fo distance.

Near this place stands the Palazzo-Vespucci, on the walls of which the ecclesiastics belonging to the church Saint John of God placed, in 1719, an inscription to th memory of Americus Vespacius, who gave his name the New World. Trinity Church is of very ancie origin; but, as additions have been made to it at differe succeeding periods, its several parts exhibit specimers various styles of architecture. It existed in 800; it w rebuilt in 1250; a new front was built to it in 1593, the ornaments of its interior have been added since In one of the old chapels, there are some very fine pati ings of Dominico Ghirlandaio. On the right har situated the old palace of Ceroni, and persons, retu weary from a walk in the gardens delle Cascine, sorry to find a coffee-house established there, inste band of soldiers ready to attack them, as was the cast 1300.

Saint Boniface, the lunatic asylum, was founded, in th fourteenth century, by a nobleman of Parma, called Bo facio Lupio, who was Podesta of Florence. It is not usual for Italians, who have acquired a considerable f tune, to devote it to the foundation of useful establish ments, in order to perpetuate the memory of their name In 1789, one wing of this edifice was prepared for th reception of foreigners; the other wings inclose the and infirm of both sexes, cripples, individuals attacked a chronical and incurable diseases, and young girls und the patronage of Saint Catherine. A bust of the Gra Duke Leopold is placed above the principal door, under gallery supported by pillars, and inclosed by an iron gra

The Grand Dukes had many other palaces besides Cascine dell' Isola, and several country houses in the

[graphic]

(From Tales of a Traveller, by Washington Irving.)

A few days after this conversation with Mr. Buckthorne, he called upon me, and took me with him to a regular literary dinner. It was given by a great bookseller, or rather a company of booksellers, whose firm surpassed in length that of Shadrach, Meshech, and Abednego.

I was surprised to find between twenty and thirty guests sembled, most of whom I had never seen before. Mr. Buckthorne explained this to me by informing me that his was a business-dinner, or kind of field-day, which the ouse gave about twice a year to its authors. It is true, hey did occasionally give snug dinners to three or four terary men at a time; but then these were generally select authors, favourites of the public, such as had arrived at their sixth or seventh editions." There are," said he, "certain geographical boundaries in the land of literature, and you may judge tolerably well of an author's popularity by the wine his bookseller gives him. An author crosses the port line about the third edition, and gets into laret; and when he has reached the sixth or seventh, he may revel in champagne and burgundy."

"And pray," said I, "how far may these gentlemen ave reached that I see around me; are any of these claret rinkers ?"

"Not exactly, not exactly. You find at these great inners the common steady run of authors, one, two edition men; or if any others are invited, they are aware that it is a kind of republican meeting. You understand me-a meeting of the republic of letters; and that they must expect nothing but plain, substantial fare."

These hints enabled me to comprehend more fully the arrangement of the table. The two ends were occupied by two partners of the house; and the host seemed to have

The general conversation was chiefly carried on at the upper end of the table, as the authors there seemed to possess the greatest courage of the tongue. As to the in talking, they did in eating. Never was there a more crew at the lower end, if they did not make much figure determined, inveterate, thoroughly-sustained attack on the trencher than by this phalanx of masticators. When the cloth was removed, and the wine began to circulate, they grew very merry and jocose among themselves. Their upper end of the table, seldom produced much effect. Even the laughing partner did not seem to think it neces sary to honour them with a smile; which my neighbour Buckthorne accounted for, by informing me that there was a certain degree of popularity to be obtained before a bookseller could afford to laugh at an author's jokes. Amongst this crew of questionable gentlemen thus seated below the salt, my eye singled out one in particular. He was rather shabbily dressed; though he had evidently made the most of a rusty black coat, and wore his shirt frill plaited and puffed out voluminously at the bosom. His face was dusky, but florid, perhaps a little too florid, particularly about the nose; though the rosy hue gave the greater lustre to a twinkling black eye. He had a little the look of a boon companion, with that dash of the poor devil in it which gives an inexpressibly mellow tone to a man's humour. I had seldom seen a face of richer promise; but never was a promise so ill kept. He said nothing, ate and drank with the keen appetite of a gareteer, and scarcely stopped to laugh, even at the good jokes from the upper end of the table. I inquired who he was. Buckthorne looked at him attentively: "Gad, said he, "I have seen that face before, but where I cannot recol. lect. He cannot be an author of any note. I suppose some writer of sermons, or grinder of foreign travels.

After dinner we retired to another room to take tea and coffee, where we were reinforced by a cloud of inferior guests,-authors of small volumes in boards, and paniphlets stitched in blue paper. These had not as yet arrived to the importance of a dinner invitation, but were invited occasionally to pass the evening "in a friendly way." They were very respectful to the partners, and, indeed, seemed to stand a little in awe of them; but they paid devoted court to the lady of the house, and were extravagantly fond of the children. Some few, who did not feel confidence enough to make such advances, stood shyly off in corners, talking to one another; or turned over the portfolios of prints, which they had not seen above five thousand times, or moused over the music on the fortepiano.

The poet and the thin octavo gentleman were the persons most current and at their ease in the drawing-room; being men evidently of circulation in the west end. They got on each side of the lady of the house, and paid her a thousand compliments and civilities, at some of which I thought she would have expired with delight. Every thing they said and did had the odour of fashionable life. I looked round in vain for the poor devil author in the rusty black coat; he had disappeared immediately after leaving the table, having a dread, no doubt, of the glaring light of a drawing-room. Finding nothing further to interest my attention, I took my departure soon after coffee had been served, leaving the poet, and the thin, genteel, hot-pressed, octavo gentleman, masters of the field.

Advertisement.

[INSERTED GRATUITOUSLY.] ROPOSALS for a SUBSCRIPTION for

PROPOSALS for 3 SAN CHILD of the late Mr.

W. W. SADLER, with a Biographical Sketch of the life of that celebrated Aëronaut, and a Narrative of the events which led to the melancholy catastrophe of his death.

last, of which the balloon gave indication of feeling the effe and immediately arose. I now cast my eyes around, to e plore the vast extent of bog stretched beneath us, for the purpose of finding a suitable spot on which to alight; an perceiving a small patch of vivid green, on which it seemed practicable to descend, I again opened the valve, cait out th grapnel irons, and, at a quarter past four o'clock, once mo touched the earth; the grapnel tore up the ground for so distance, and unfortunately came in contact with a hor which was racing about, alarmed at the appearance of t wise he would have been torn to atomis. The balloon no balloon. The horse was dragged by the leg for a short d tance, when, fortunately, the iron slipped its hold, or othe became stationary by the hold the grapnels had, and as o exertions were then necessary to expel the gas, so larg portion was caused to escape, that in a few minutes the with our aerial voyage, which, independent of the altitu loon became flaccid, and we left the ear, each well pleas we had reached, had, under every attendant evil and imper ment, completed a distance of thirty miles in the short se of fifty minutes.

wieldy vehicle that bore him through the clouds. He and the rolling clouds heaved up beneath us their varyi soared or descended at pleasure, and seldom failed, how- forms, tinted with the golden rays. The unfavourable a ever boisterous his skyward voyage, to cast anchor in seek for some situation which would promise more accom pearance of the earth immediately beneath us induced me safety on some soft and appropriate spot which he had se-modation. I accordingly threw out a small quantity of be lected when he gazed upon the world beneath him as upon a map. Mr. Sadler made, in all, no fewer than thirty ascents, fourteen of which he made within the last fourteen months. Our limits permit us only to quote from his own autograph journals the following highly interesting account of his ascent, in company with Mr. Livingston, from Dublin, on the 5th of Nov. 1816, when after a sublime and pictuand were benighted in a wide extent of bog, from which resque voyage amidst the clouds, the aeronauts landed, they found their way, through the barking of a dog. This dog, we understand, Mr. Sadler kept with much care for several years, and it at length, to his infinite regret, disappeared. The narrative is a specimen of Mr. Sadler's style, which evinces that his literary attainments were of a respectable order, and it speaks no less favourably with respect to his consideration and goodness of heart. "Arose this morning at five o'clock; the cloudy and unfavourable appearance of the morning having almost induced me to postpone the ascent, it was not until near eleven o'clock that the signals were made at Nelson's pillar and the Post-office, to communicate a determination to proceed, a resolution which I was strongly induced to adopt, to Mr. W. W. Sadler was his fourth and youngest son, meet the wishes and gratify the curiosity of a kind and geand was born at Pimlico, parish of St. George's, near Lon-nerous public. The process of inflation did not, therefore, don, on the 17th of October, 1796. The great Mr. Wynd- favourable, a circumstance which, added to the state of the commence so early as was intended, had the weather proved ham had ascended with Mr. Sadler, senior, from London, atmosphere, and the necesssity of increasing the quantity of and from this arose an intimacy and friendship between gas, from my being accompanied by Mr. Livingston, protractthem, and Mr. Wyndham stood godfather to his name-ed the period of ascent to a late hour of the day. And here sake the son. I have to acknowledge the kind and patient attendance of a animation to my exertions, and whose considerate conduct numerous assemblage of spectators, whose presence gave softened every difficulty.

Mr. James Sadler, the father of the young man whose death we are about to record, was celebrated in the annals of aërostation, by the number and success of his ascents. His voyage, in 1812, from Dublin towards England, when, after a flight, caused by variable winds, of upwards of 200 miles, he was picked up by a fishing-boat, in the Irish Channel, off Liverpool, excited universal interest: and we rejoice to learn that an individual who so often placed his life ia hazard, to gratify thousands of his countrymen, has, by a recent act of benevolence of his present Majesty, been enrolled amongst the brethren of the Charter house, and has thus had secured to him a comfortable asylum for the remainder of his days.

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"We now concluded that all danger was over, and that t vicinity of some habitation would afford us shelter for thea proaching night; in this, however, we were deceived, for leaving the balloon and quitting the spot on which we h previously descended, we found ourselves involved in th imminent difficulties and perils attending the traversing bog, with which we were totally unacquainted, and whic from the long continuance of wet weather had become a soft as to sink under the slightest pressure, threatening t and dangerous state, the evening closed around us in tou ingulph us in ruin at every step, and to add to our desolate darkness, leaving us without a single star to guide us by twinkling on our way. Sinking at every step, and dreadin the almost inevitable consequences of our alarming situation our ears were at length saluted by the welcome barking of did it give a degree of certainty to our path which before dog, which, as it indicated the vicinity of some habitation, totally without direction. At intervals, therefore, we listene exhausted, at seven o'clock we reached the door of a cal to catch the renewed sound, and at length, wet, wearied, a before which was extended the animal whose provident barking had been the means of leading us to safety. T cabin could not afford us any accommodation, but a gu conducted us to the residence of Mr. Wm. Smith, of brask, distant one mile further: on arriving at the door, an knocking to gain admittance, we were taken by the resident in Mr. Smith's house for robbers, with which of late thi country has been dreadfully afflicted. We could hear them for their fire arms and other weapons to protect themselves banners with us, we forced one through the opening of the we presently saw them opening the window, and having the window, which they instantly seized, and inspecting it some what satisfied them, with the addition of our entreaties. They fire so comfortable in appearance, we both entered on the then allowed admission for one; but on our both seeing the door being opened, and our wretched appearance soon es cited pity; for I may say we were the first persons who eve

Mr. W. W. Sadler first committed himself to the guidance of the winds in an ascent from Burlington-house, then the residence of the Duke of Devonshire, by ston, and received the banners from the hands of Lady "All being now ready, I entered the car with Mr. Livingwhom he was patronized. This was on occasion of the Forbes and Lady Castlecote, with their good wishes. At visit of the royal Sovereigns to this country, in 1814. It thirty-five minutes past three o'clock the signal-gun was was his father's intention to ascend; but, in consequence fired, and the balloon ascended. The atmosphere was hazy, of a want of buoyancy in the balloon to carry his superior and the clouds low and dark, so that we entered them in about four minutes. My view previous was not extensive, weight, the young man, with pleasure and alacrity, took but beautifully diversified: the bay of Dublin, next in granpossession of the car. He made an admirable ascent; and deur to that of Naples; on one side of its entrance protected such was his activity and coolness in managing the airy by the mountains of Wicklow, on the opposite that of Howth; vehicle, that the veteran Mr. Sadler is represented as hav-in the front the city of Dublin, with its suburbs skirting the bay. Having entered the clouds, we conjectured we were no ing been unable, at the moment, to avoid giving vent to the longer visible to those friends whose gratulating cheers had exulting feelings of a father. As the ascent was magnificent, followed us with their approbation. Our ascent through so was the voyage gratifying, and the descent perfectly safe: the cloud was rapid, but the sounds from below were still and it is probable that this first prosperous essay, the suc-spot we had previously left. On emerging from the cloud audible, and we distinctly heard the bands playing on the cesses of his father, and other concurring circumstances, led through which we had passed, the contrast was of the most the young man, from the adventurous education he had re- striking kind, as we at once darted from a dark and damp medium into a clear and cheering atmosphere. Illuminated ceived, to a closer cultivation of the sublime art of aeros- by the sun, the rays of which glittering on them the clouds walked a bog in full dress. On arriving I fell to the groun tation. Certain it is, that few men, possessed of the re- rolled beneath us in vast undulating masses, assumed in a ten-fold degree, the participation of that generous exhausted. From their extreme attention we enjoy quisite courage and presence of mind for such adventure the appearance of a mountain track covered with snow, pre- rality which so strongly marks the Irish character to all, could, when fortune otherwise frowned, have resisted the senting at once an object to astonish, and that the more, in particularly to those who stand in need of it. temptation which this new and almost uncultivated field sudden boundary between light and darkness. From the ex- o'clock in the morning I arose from my bed, and proce consequence of the striking contrast which had marked the "The balloon now became an object of anxiety, and at t of science held out for the acquirement both of fame and of treme cold we now sustained, and the expansion of the gas, it with a number of men whom Mr. Smith collected to honourable emolument: and we are inclined to deem having inflated the balloon to its full extent, I conjectured The moon had now got up, and sufficiently lighted our di lightly either of the heads or the hearts of those who that our elevation could not be less than three miles; and, tion, and their acquaintance with the place enabled should designate the pursuit, in such an individual, a valve, and permitted a small portion of gas to escape; the bal-ed, and having found the balloon and car, they conveye therefore, within ten minutes of four o'clock, opened the with much facility, to reach the spot where we had desc "rash" or "iniquitous presumption." Assuredly, the loon, however, still continued to ascend rapidly, which was with extreme difficulty to Mr. Smith's house, and science of aërostation has not yet led to any immediate prac- evinced by the immediate distance which took place between thence, on a car with which they accommodated us, to tical result of utility; but it may do much in its maturity. the car and some pieces of paper, thrown out to ascertain the derrey. On our arrival here, and after partaking of bre The properties of gas for illumination, and of steam for fast, and the balloon being placed on the chaise, we left th "It was now past four o'clock, and, however brilliant the place on our way home, in a chaise and four horses, for navigation, as now applied, would, if assumed thirty years seene around us, we had still to recollect that darkness was lin, where we arrived at ten o'clock, to the no small ago, have been deemed chimerical; and he who had pro- fast closing on the world to which we were about to return, ourselves and infinite pleasure of our friends. I shall mulgated their probable application, would have been deem- and that, in consequence, it would be prudent to come down add, that considering the dog as the chief instrument of ed more worthy a cell in a lunatic asylum than of a place the valve was accordingly opened for a few seconds, and the much reason to fear our situation might have proved while remaining light would enable us to do so with safety; preservation, as without the guidance he offered, there among the worthies who have, by their genius, conferred balloon began to descend. Our attention and exertions were obtained him from his master, and shall preserve him a inestimable benefits on mankind. And we hesitate not to now actively employed in preparing for the moment of reach: friend to whom I am so much indebted." say, that had Columbus failed in his glorious enterprise in ing the ground, by uncoiling the grapnel rope, lowering it We cannot here resist supplying a brief no notice of M over the car, and placing the various loose articles in safety. discovering the New World, and had several failures fol- We now rapidly approached the intervening vell of clouds Sadler's bold and successful attempt to cross the lowed in that enterprise (which, at that infant period of nau- through which we had previously passed, and which still, in Channel, from Dublin, on the 23d of July, 1817 tical science,, was a more hazardous attempt than an aerial unbs; yet, from this elevation, we at intervals distinctly took his seat, and, after receiving the flags from the am unbroken masses, rolled beneath us, glittering in the sun- "At fifteen minutes past one, the brave young aero excursion) he and his followers over the stormy deep in heard the lowing of cattle, the barking of dogs, and some- and accomplished Lady Aylmer, he was launched into their frail barks, would, by the bigotted and the ignorant, times the sound of wheels as they passed along the roads break- azure void."" have been held guilty of a presumption which courted and ing on the sublime and solemn silence that reigned around deserved destruction. We do not consider this as an apology the cloud, where I found myself affected by a partial deafness; us. At eight minutes past four o'clock we descended into for the unfortunate individual who is the subject of this and shortly after, my companion complained of a similar brief memoir, but merely as an expression of our opinion, sensation, with an acute pain in both ears. We now rapidly that it might be frequently pernicious to damp the ardour passed through the clouds, on leaving which, we gained a of enthusiastic men in any philosophical pursuit, and thus, view of the earth, which, immediately underneath, struck us with astonishment at its unsociably dark and peculiar by clipping the wings of science, to keep her from soaring character. to hidden discoveries, which may add to human happiness "Being a stranger myself in the country, I was ignorant or convenience. Mr. Sadler's case requires no such advo- of our situation; but Mr. Livingston, on our descending cacy: for never did an aeronaut study more the advance-lower, conjectured (and it afterwards proved correct) that it was that extensive tract called the Bog of Allen, presenting ment of science, without reference to the mere momentary to our then elevated view a widely extended surface, with effect of an ascent. He was ever studious of the principles of dark and shining spots, an appearance we afterwards found aerostation, and intent upon discoveries which should ren- was produced by portions of water and small patches of green turf.-Our view here was extremely circumscribed, from the der it more secure and practicable; and never did an indi- partial openings of the clouds and the darkness of the earth, vidual succeed so far in acquiring command over the un- arising from the nature of the ground over which we hovered, and the lateness of the day, affording a striking conThis veteran accomplished, we believe, npwards of fifty trast to the brilliant and animating scene we had just left in the upper regions, where the sun still blazed in fuil splendour,

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"Now the bold aeronaut, ascending far, Launch'd in the azure void his air-borne car; High on the winds, with silken sails unfurl'd, He waved his pennons o'er the admiring world; And looming far beneath his eager eyes, Saw Nature's mighty Panorama, rise!" "The balloon remained in view for about ten minute the aeronaut, waving his hat and flags, was seen drinking scured by a cloud; a shower of rain succeeding, it was the healths of the surrounding multitude, when it was again visible for half an hour; and, about half-past two, it w seen diminished to a speck. In a few minutes afterwards disappeared.

"Mr. Sadler's descent was in a corn field, within a mi and a half of Holyhead, at a place called Porthydafuch, wh several people readily afforded their assistance to secure th balloon, while he disengaged himself from it, and who after wards removed it to Holyhead. During his voyage he countered a snow shower, which was transformed to ra before it reached the earth. He passed perpendlenlar over, and saw very distinctly, the packet which had saile from Holyhead on the day before."

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few minutes before eight next morning, when death put a period to his sufferings. Those around him did every thing which commiseration or skill could dictate, but his condition was beyond the reach of human alleviation. Amongst those thus engaged was Mr. Aikin, superitendant of Messrs. Simpson's printing works, who not only assiduously attended the bed of the dying aeronaut, but secured what property he had on his person. It was not at first known who Mr. S. was; but an individual present having heard of his purposed ascent from Bolton, and a letter having been found on him addressed to Mrs. Sadler, Mr. Aikin was enabled to despatch letters to the unfortunate gentleman's friends in Liverpool. It had been Mr. Sadler's constant practice to address a letter to Mrs. S. on the eve of his departure on any voyage, and to carry the letter with him; and, on some occasions, he has been known to write to her when aloft in his balloon.

Sadler's several ascents were as follows:-Chelten- | power of ascent, he was thus, casually, dashed against 1; London, 2; Norwich, 1; Newcastle, 1; Edin- the house. His companion, who appears to have been 2; Glasgow, 1; York, 2; Pontefract, 1; Exeter, 1; confused by the previous roughness of the journey, has 1; Dublin, 3; Leeds, 1; Sheffield, 1; Birming- no recollection of the chimney (although the balloon was 1: Derby, 1; Manchester, 1; Rochdale, 1; Ches- seen to strike against it) further than that he heard a noise Hull, 1; Doncaster, 1; Liverpool, 3; Wigan, 1; like the rolling of stones, which was doubtless the falling stly from BOLTON, which ended in the catastrophe of the building materials; and on recovering from the prived society of a useful member, and science of a shock he missed his ill-fated master, and at first conceived eering son. It now becomes our painful task to sup- that he had been thrown out, or had alighted when near arrative of that event. We have consulted the best the ground. But, alas! poor Mr. Sadler had been thrown uthities, namely, that of the witnesses on the ground out, though not to the ground. His foot had become enwhere it happened, and that of his companion, who tangled with a cord attached to the car (either the valve bts beft in the car when the aeronaut was destroyed; yet cord, which was reeved through a staple at the bottom, or must premise, that there are many circumstances con- that to which the four ballast bags were suspended) and he ected with the fatality, which, from the want of sufficient hung, under the car, with his head downwards, while pestimony, must remain for ever hidden from the world. the balloon continued to ascend. It passed over two or Sis We have refrained from useless conjecture, and confined three buildings and a small plantation, and while skimming urselves, as far as possible, to the testified facts. over a meadow hard by, about two hundred yards from The apalling circumstances of the tragic scene at FoxMr. Sadler had received an invitation to ascend from the fatal object of obstruction (to the increased horror of hill Bank were aggravated by an event at once striking solton, and was mainly induced to select that place for those who witnessed the first shock he had received) the and deplorable. Mr. Blenkinsop, the landlord of the inn is voyage on the 29th instant, in consequence of an agree- ill-fated aeronaut became disentangled from the cord, and to which Mr. S. was conveyed, and who had seen him nent, we learn, with a respectable gentleman of Bolton, who fell to the ground, from a height of sixteen to eighteen fall, was so deeply affected by the accident, that, though wished to accompany Mr. Sadler on his excursion, and yards. His companion, now somewhat recovered from he had some time before had an apoplectic fit, and was adhed stipulated to pay a certain pecuniary consideration for the shock, which, he states, had thrown him to the bottom vised to refrain from all exertion that might tend to a rehis passage. That gentleman, however, was prevented, by of the car, was, at the moment, sensible of a jerk; and, currence of so dangerous an affection, he, with more eager anavoidable circumstances, from taking his place in the hearing a scream from the people below, he, for the first benevolence than prudence, hurried off for a surgeon, ar:† and, though Mr. S. had several proffered companions, time, momentarily conjectured that Mr. Sadler, whom he knowing, it appears, where one was readily to be found. mongst whom was a young lady, he, in consequence of did not see, had been somehow attached to the balloon, He met the surgeon in the fields while on his way, and te rather windy state of the weather, preferred taking and that something fatal had occurred. When Mr. S. had scarcely addressed a few words to him, when he ith him a servant of his own, a man who had been a hung suspended, his arms were extended, and the leg dropped down and almost instantly expired. He was a atchman in this town. The ascent took place at about which was loose hung down. His companion did not hear respectable man with a wife and family of four children; in or twelve minutes past two, from the area of the gas-him utter a word; and we thence arrive at a conclusion and the poor woman's situation at the loss of her husband, orks, to the entire gratification of assembled multitudes. less appalling than that he was then sensible of his horri. added to the fact of Mr. Sadler lying at the same time in he voyage, until the descent, was agreeable and pro- fying situation, just previous to his fall. He appeared to be a dying state under her roof, was lamentably distressing. aising: at a convenient height Mr. Sadler drank, as paralyzed by the blow he had received; and the fracture As soon as Mrs. Sadler received the letter addressed to sual, to the health of the people of Bolton," and af- which it was afterwards found he had received on the head her by her husband, and forwarded by Mr. Aikin, and erwards to "wives and families." The greatest altitude (which the physicians are of opinion could not have been which too truly intimated that some accident had occurred, f the balloon was probably about a mile and a half; and produced by his fall on the soft meadow where he was she immediately set out in company with Mr. Armstrong, a direction was north, with a little easting. On coming picked up) confirms the idea, to which the mind hurries for the recent companion of Mr. Sadler from Wigan; a genear to Fox-hill Bank, about five miles east of Blackburn, relief, that he was unconscious of his fate. tleman who had been intimate with Mr. Sadler, and who Ar. Sadler remarked to his companion that they ap- When taken up he was altogether insensible; and he was deeply interested in his prosperity. Mr. A. who did roached a fine place for the descent; and he seemed to never afterwards had power to articulate a word or to open not augur any thing fatal from what he had heard, was ave selected a particular field for that purpose. He his eyes. His fall took place about half-past two, or twenty shocked on learning, on their arrival at Blackburn, that alled out to a number of people, whom he saw, to as- minutes after the ascent; and the spot is about fourteen Mr. Sadler was no more; and, with a due regard to the ist; and the grapnel soon after took effect in a field; but miles distant from Bolton. feelings of Mrs. S., who is far advanced in pregnancy, he wing to the velocity of the balloon, the car received a To return to his companion: he has little precise recol-prepared her for the painful intelligence by representing iolent jerk, which tore the anchor from the ground with lection of any event afterwards, with the exception of the the serious fall, and finally the almost hopeless state in uch violence that it was nearly thrown back into the car. fact, that, finding himself borne rapidly aloft, he was de- which Mr. Sadler lay. He sent for Dr. Barlow; and The balloon continued to skim along the ground, striking sirous, he states, of descending, and that he accordingly Mrs. S.'s distress of mind, and anxiety instantly to post on, the car against several objects in the way; and the iron pulled the cord of the valve. The balloon rapidly des- and her entreaties to know the worst, induced that genagain took effect near a hedge, but did not bring up the bal-cended, as he supposed, and his next reminiscence is,tleman at length to disclose the lamentable fact. Mrs. S. Loon, which again ascended a little. The third time the grap that he found himself lying on his back close to some was violently affected; but she determined to proceed to nel struck firmly into the root of a tree (where it was, with railings, in a field. The car had probably struck the Fox-hill Bank. Thither she was accompanied by Mr. ther articles thrown out of the car, afterwards found) and fence, and, being jerked over it, had upset, and thrown Armstrong, who did every thing to dissuade her from be sudden pull of the balloon broke the rope. Mr. Sadler out poor Donolly, who, considering the confused state viewing the corpse; but finding her resolved, he endeavoured son after said to his companion, as if under disappoint- which he acknowledges himself to have been in, may to palliate the effects on the unfortunate lady, of a last en, "James, the grapnel is broken," and he instantly be thankful that he escaped a more disastrous fate. look on the disfigured remains of her ill-fated husband. alled to the people below to assist him. There were He gazed upon the balloon for some time, as he lay on The scene was awfully distressing, but afforded the wisur bags of ballast left, hung to a rope over the car, both his back, and saw it soar from the earth to a great height; dowed Mrs. S. a relieving-melancholy satisfaction. Hav. › lighten it by touching the ground before the car, and "gathering himself up." as he emphatically terms it, ing made some necessary arrangements, Mr. A. returned nd for the people to lay hold of. The broken rope, also, he found that his arm was broken by his fall, and that he to Blackburn with Mrs. Sadler, whose precarious health ang down; and, about this time, two men state, that was otherwise bruised. A great coat and one of the rendered it advisable to rest. Next morning Mr. A. rehey laid hold of the latter, but from its shortness, the cushions of the car lay beside him. He had been dropped turned to Fox-hill, to attend the inquest, at which, in sequent want of purchase to arrest the progress of the about four miles from the spot where poor Mr. Sadler accordance with testimony agreeing with our narrative, alloon, and fearful of being lifted aloft, they at length fell: he made his way to the nearest house, and at a verdict of accidental death was returned, with a deodand go. The car was then dragged through an opening length, after being indifferently received at the first toll of 2s. on the car and balloon. Having made arrange1-bedge, at which it grazed against the rotten stump bar, reached Whalley, where he experienced much hos-ments for the removal of the body, Mr. A. rejoined Mrs. fa tree. Mr. Sadler then again cried out to the people pitality at the inn, and received surgical aid. Sadler, and arrived at Liverpool at an early hour on Saassist him; but some of them, it appears, could not turday morning, having on part of the way accompanied vertake him, and others, it is to be lamented (many of the hearse. nem women) did not understand what was required, were afraid of some fancied danger; and the aeronaut was, contrary, no doubt, to his anticipation, suddenly rown upon his own resources, with an obstacle in front of him which it is probable he did not see. One person a fende) says that he stood up in the car crying out to he people" follow on! follow on!" and urging those in he line of the balloon, in front, to stand ready to assist him. At this moment, observing, probably, that their services were Likely to be available, the balloon was again suffered to cend; and, while in the act, it came, driven by the wind, to contact with the chimney of a small dwelling house, the treme height of which was only about fifteen feet, and ich was thrown down, so violent was the blow. The robability is, from the nature of the bruises which the nfortunate aeronaut received, that he was standing up at he time; and that depending too long on the expected sistance to secure the balloon, it was driven close upon is building before he perceived his danger; and from its prizontal velocity there being no time to give it a speedy We have heard it stated, that the intended sum will be dover to Mr. Sadler's family,

To return to Mr. Sadler: he was immediately carried to an inn kept by Mr. Blenkinsop, at the village of Foxhill Bank. Several medical gentlemen soon came to his assistance, and an attempt was made to bleed him, but they were successful in drawing only a few drops of blood. He now began to bleed profusely from the fracture on the back part of the head. An express was instantly despatched for Mr. Barlow, an eminent surgeon at Blackburn, and in the mean time every thing was put in readiness for any operation which that gentlemen might deem proper to advise. He arrived in about an hour, and, finding a portion of the skull on the right side broken, with the assistance of the other medical gentlemen, por tions of the parietal and temporal bones were extracted, in the hope of restoring sensibility. The patient seemed to feel the pain of the operation; but it did not appear that it produced any relief. All that human skill could do was done, but he lay speechless and insensible, without opening his eyes; and the only motion perceptible was with his left hand, with which he frequently rubbed his side, and some slight motion of the left foot. It was found that one rib was broken, and that he was otherwise dreadfully crushed. He continued throughout the night to bleed from the head; and apparently was in great pain,-until a

The sorrow of the public, throughout the whole of the county, was never more intense than at the lamentable catastrophe of Mr. Sadler's death. The most pressing solicitations were sent from Bolton, that the hearse should pass through that town, to gratify the universal wish of the inhabitants to pay every respect to the memory of the deceased. Between seven and eight, on Friday night, the hearse, in consequence, passed slowly through that town, followed by the chaise in which were Mr. Armstrong and Mrs. Sadler. A request was made from the Commer cial Inn there, where the committee to conduct the ascent had before met, that the hearse should stop a short time to enable them and other gentlemen to assemble, who were desirous of accompanying it through the town; but, owing to Mrs. Sadler's distressed state of mind, it was deemed prudent to proceed without delay. The procession, however, was joined by a large assemblage of individuals, amongst whom were many females, who, at a slow pace, followed the hearse through the town, and many of them far beyond it. The chaise then preceded the hearse to Liverpool; and at Wigan, where, Mr. Sadler

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