Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social PhilosophyLongmans, Green, and Company, 1904 - 591 стор. |
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Загальні терміни та фрази
Adam Smith advantage agricultural amount capitalist cause circulating capital circumstances cloth commodities competition condition consequence considerable consumed corn cost of production cottier crease cultivation dealers degree demand depends diminished dities duce duction effect employed employment England equal exchange exchange value exertion existing expense farmer farms favourable fixed France Germany greater habits human hundred quarters improvement increase industry interest Ireland labour and capital labouring class land landlord law of value less limited linen manufacture means ment metayer mode modities nations natural necessary obtained operations paid peasant proprietors permanent persons political economy population portion possession present principle produce proportion purchase rate of profit remuneration rent rise saving seignorage society soil subsistence sufficient supply suppose tenant things tion tivation trade value of money wages wealth whole yield
Популярні уривки
Сторінка 197 - I cordially subscribe to the remark of one of the greatest thinkers of our time, who says of the supposed differences of race, "of all vulgar modes of escaping from the consideration of the effect of social and moral influences on the human mind, the most vulgar is that of attributing the diversities of conduct and character to inherent natural differences.
Сторінка 128 - If, therefore, the choice were to be made between Communism with all its chances, and the present state of society with all its sufferings and injustices; if the institution of private property...
Сторінка 76 - One man draws out the wire; another straights it; a third cuts it; a fourth points it; a fifth grinds it at the top for receiving the head...
Сторінка 590 - In the particular circumstances of a given age or nation, there is scarcely anything, really important to the general interest, which it may not be desirable, or even necessary, that the government should take upon itself, not because private individuals cannot effectually perform it, but because they will not.
Сторінка 171 - Give a man the secure possession of a bleak rock, and he will turn it into a garden ; give him a nine years' lease of a garden, and he will convert it into a desert.
Сторінка 483 - Every tax ought to be levied at the time, or in the manner, in which it is most likely to be convenient for the contributor to pay it.
Сторінка 484 - Equality of taxation, therefore, as a maxim of politics, means equality of sacrifice. It means, apportioning the contribution of each person towards the expenses of government, so that he shall feel neither more nor less inconvenience from his share of the payment than every other person experiences from his.
Сторінка 124 - The distribution of wealth, therefore, depends on the laws and customs of society. The rules by which it is determined, are what the opinions and feelings of the ruling portion of the community make them, and are very different in different ages and countries ; and might be still more different, if mankind so chose.
Сторінка 556 - But it cannot be expected that individuals should at their own risk, or rather to their certain loss, introduce a new manufacture, and bear the burden of carrying it on until the producers have been educated up to the level of those with whom the processes are traditional. A protecting duty, continued for a reasonable time, will sometimes be the least inconvenient mode in which the nation can tax itself for the support of such an experiment.
Сторінка 296 - There cannot . . . ," he wrote, "be intrinsically a more insignificant thing, in the economy of society, than money; except in the character of a contrivance for sparing time and labour. It is a machine for doing quickly and commodiously, what would be done, though less quickly and commodiously, without it: and like many other kinds of machinery, it only exerts a distinct and independent influence of its own when it gets out of order