In the thrush, however, it is remarkable that there seems to be no regular notes, each individual piping a voluntary of his own. Their voices may always be distinguished amid the choristers of the copse, yet some one performer will more particularly engage attention by a peculiar modulation or tune; and should several stations of these birds be visited in the same morning, few or none probably will be found to preserve the same round of notes; whatever is uttered seeming the effusion of the moment. At times a strain will break out perfectly unlike any preceding utterance, and we may wait a long time without noticing any repetition of it. Harsh, strained, and tense, as the notes of this bird are, yet they are pleasing from their variety. The voice of the blackbird is infinitely more mellow, but has much less variety, compass, or execution; and he too commences his carols with the morning light, persevering from hour to hour without effort, or any sensible faltering of voice. The cuckoo wearies us throughout some long May morning with the unceasing monotony of its song; and, though there are others as vociferous, yet it is the only bird I know, that seems to suffer from the use of the organs of voice. Little exertion as the few notes it makes use of seem to require, yet, by the middle or end of June, it loses its utterance, becomes hoarse, and ceases from any further essay.

With respect to the singing of birds in the night, we may remark that there are many more night songsters than has been commonly imagined. The nightingale has usually engrossed all the praise; but besides it, we have observed the reed-sparrow, the woodlark, the sky-lark, the white-throat, and the water-ousel, sing at most hours of the night. The mock-birds also, both that of our own country

(sylvia subcaria) and the celebra ed American mimic of the grove, may be added to the number. A species of finch (laxia enucleator, LINN.) common in the pine forests of Hudson's bay, and sometimes seen in the North of Scotland, enlivens the summer nights with its song. It is no uncommon occurrence for the canary, the song-thrush, and other species, when kept in cages, to sing in the night, particularly when the room in which they are is well lighted; and it may be remarked, that all night-song birds are partial to the moon,-a circumstance well known in America, where the night-hunter is roused from his bed or his bottle by the mocking bird, heralding with its loud notes the rising of the moon. To this catalogue we may likewise subjoin the land-rail or corn-crake (rallus crex), the partridge, grouse, and guinea-fowl, which, though they cannot be said to sing, utter their peculiar cries in the night.

Many more species of birds, perhaps, than those we have enumerated, sing in the night. Captain Cook, when off the coast of New Zealand, says, "We were charmed the whole night with the songs of innumerable species of birds, from the woods which beautify the shores of this unfrequented island." (Voyages, Vol. I.) A very anomalous instance of a singing bird in the night, fell under our observation on the 6th of April, 1811. About ten o'clock at night we heard a hedgesparrow (accentor modularis) go through its usual song more than a dozen times, faintly indeed, but very distinctly. The night was cold and frosty, but might it not be that the little musician was dreaming of summer and sunshine? We have the poetical authority of Dryden for making the conjecture, who says, "The little birds in dreams their songs repeat."

he was born into a warld in vain so beautifu'.

Shepherd.-What's the difference? North.-Nay, ask the Bishop of

Shepherd.-Whew!-Not so with the poetry of Burns, and other great peasants. They pored not perpetually, sir, into streams and lochs that they might see there their ain reflection. Believe me, sir, that Narcissus was nae poet.

THE first circumstance which strikes an individual as indicative of the spirit in which the affairs of a nation are conducted, is the state of its population and revenue. If he can obtain authentic information on these points, he can be at no loss to ascertain the complexion of its Government, and the comparative healthiness or viciousness of its character. The moral preponderance of a state is always analogous to the powers of its industry: weakness marches hand in hand with poverty, and wretchedness with ignorance; whilst wealth follows in the train of virtue and mental civilization. The Roman States contain a population of two millions and a half; their public debt amounts to twenty millions sterling; the revenue does not exceed eight hundred thousand pounds; they have a military force of ten thousand men, and a navy of five insignificant vessels. Now, if we suppose the twenty millions of public debt to have been borrowed at par, the papal dominions are burthened with the payment of an annuity of one million sterling; so that the sum total of their revenue is not adequate to defray the yearly interest upon the debt. In the teeth of this fact, the Holy Father contrives to pay his fleet and army, repair the roads, and maintain his own state, and his civil establishment, and his foreign missions. These cannot surely be provided for out of his "Extraordinaries," such as, the first year's income of benefices and bishoprics; or dispensations for marrying a niece or a cousin; or the

one hundred and twenty pounds paid on the nomination to a crosier; or the seven hundred pounds (3,000 scudi) received for a cardinal's hat?—The deficit is probably made good by pecuniary allowances from Catholic countries, pious donations, bequest, and other resources, of which the course of events may one day strip the see of Rome in toto. What would then be the fate of a sovereignty, which has depended so essentially on Christain benevolence ? The more enlightened, (and this city is by no means deficient in that class,) would eagerly trace the defalcation to its real source. Though at a late hour, they would become sensible of the ruinous effects resulting from lazy corporations; they would perceive the error of accustoming a whole community to a state of contemplative existence; they would call for reforms within the priory and convent; and the want of manna would drive the indolent out of their beds with the first glow of the solar ray. It would be an exhilarating sight to witness the robber involved in one common fate with his refuge, the land furrowed by the ploughshare, and the stagnant marsh disappear in the same hour with its epidemical progeny!

There can, in truth, be no great difficulty in tracing the evils which undermine the prosperity of the Roman dominions to their immediate origin. Beggary, that daughter of monkhood and idleness, has, under various disguises, found her way across the thresholds even of the

HERE part our paths: in other days

I may have dreamed to sail like thee In wild turmoil, for rule or praise,

The billows of a troubled sea.

Here part our paths: thou still shalt wield That busy and o'ermastering mind, Alike in council, court, or field,

Mighty to lead and awe its kind;

The scorn of power, the hate of wrong,
The lip of pride, the eye of sway,-
The will of adverse fortune strong,
Which foes must fear, and friends
obey:

A heart that thrills with loftiest hope,
Whose essence is the lightning flame;
That, bold with legioned fiends to cope,
No doom can shake, no sorrow tame :

And thou shalt dwell 'mid storm and cloud,
'Mid passion's gales that know not pause;
And rescue from the battling crowd
A people's fate, a world's applause.

To me a different fate is given,

And I must seek the lowlier way Which steals unmark'd from earth to heaven,

And flies the throng's tumultuous fray;

And I must check the spirits' swell,
And spurn the dreams of power and pride;
Must brave ambition's master-spell,

And dash the intruding world aside;

And bind me to the calm content
Of toils obscure and cheap desires;
Thoughts with no earth-born passion blent;
And hope that but to God aspires.

MORNING DRESS.

DRESS of cotta pali, oiseau de Paradis color. The corsage is disposed in plaits, diagonally placed across the bust, and fastened on the shoulders by a narrow band. The waist is confined by a broad band of the same material as the dress. The skirt set full all round, simply ornamented by a deep hem. Sleeves à l'evèque, set in a broad band, tight to the wrist. A lace ruche round the neck.

Cap à la fiancée. The crown, which is fastened to a rouleau of lilac satin, is made to set close to the head. Three rouleaux of lilac satin arched over the crown. Between the rouleaux and round the crown is placed a blonde trimming, interspersed with artificial flowers. The rouleaux meet in a bow on the sides of the head, from which long strings of lilac gauze riband extend to the waist.

Hair à la Madonna. Black tissue bracelets, with gold clasps; lilac kid gloves; black satin shoes and sandals.

DINNER DRESS.

Dress of figured gaze Aerienne. The corsage made to sit tight to the

shape, and ornamented at top by a treble row of blonde trimming, finished by a quilling of tulle. Sleeves of crêpe lisse, ornamented by jockeys of the same material as the dress, edged by a narrow rouleau of satin, either yellow or purple, according to the taste of the wearer. The skirt is set on in large plaits round the waist; the trimming formed of the same material as the dress, surmounted by a double row of sagittatum leaves, confined by a rouleau of satin the same color as the edge of the leaves. Between the long points of the broad border, bows of gaze Aerienne to match are interspersed. The whole terminated by a double rouleau of satin the same color as the borders.

Toque of white crêpe-lisse, round which is twined a gold band to cross at right angles. An espray is placed on the right side, and another to fall on the contrary side. A broad gold band is placed in the hair to meet in a point on the forehead, where it is joined by a cameo, or a plain gold clasp.

Pearl necklace with gold clasps ; gold ear-rings and bracelets; white kid gloves; white satin shoes.