Political EconomyAmerican Book Company, 1886 - 134 стор. |
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Adam Smith advantage APPLETON arises BALFOUR STEWART banker become beef benefit better bubble called capitalist carry cent cheaply circulating capital clothes coal coins collapse commodity corn cost cotton difficult division of labour earn employed employers employment England English English Language exchange factory fallacy farm farmer give gold increase Indirect Taxes invention iron Iron puddlers JAMES JOHONNOT John Smith kind land laws of supply less limited in supply live machinery machines manage means ment metal paid payment pearls peasant person plenty political economy poor pounds Primer produce profits quantity railways rate of interest rate of wages Reader receive rent requisites of production rich sell shares shillings silver slavery sometimes spend strike supply and demand tenant things trade trades-unions usually utility valuable wealth wine workmen
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Сторінка 59 - ... first, the agreeableness or disagreeableness of the employments themselves; secondly, the easiness and cheapness, or the difficulty and expense of learning them; thirdly, the constancy or inconstancy of employment in them; fourthly, the small or great trust which must be reposed in those who exercise them; and fifthly, the probability or improbability of success in them.
Сторінка 129 - The tax which each individual is bound to pay ought to be certain, and not arbitrary. The time of payment, the manner of payment, the quantity to be paid, ought all to be clear and plain to the contributor, and to every other person.
Сторінка 130 - Every tax ought to be levied at the time, or in the manner, in which it is most likely to be convenient for the contributor to pay it.
Сторінка 34 - ... the invention of a great number of machines which facilitate and abridge labour, and enable one man to do the work of many.
Сторінка 130 - Every tax ought to be so contrived as both to take out and keep out of the pockets of the people as little as possible over and above what it brings into the public treasury of the State.
Сторінка 128 - The subjects of every State ought to contribute towards the support of the government, as nearly as possible in proportion to their respective abilities ; that is, in proportion to the revenue they respectively enjoy under the protection of the State .... In the observation or neglect of this maxim, consists what is called the equality 'or inequality of taxation.
Сторінка 58 - Secondly, the wages of labour vary with the easiness and cheapness, or the difficulty and expense of learning the business. When any expensive machine is erected, the extraordinary work to be performed by it before it is worn out, it must be expected, will replace the capital laid out upon it, with at least the ordinary profits.