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In the same number Miss Annie Lennoys writes on the Women of China. Among their industries is one not recognised here, that of the matchmaker.

Women in New Zealand is the subject of an article contributed by Mrs. W. P. Reeves to the March number. The franchise has not disqualified New Zealand women for domestic life. "It is a rare thing for married women to work for wages." They are content to be supported by their husbands, and to give "unpaid domestic service."

"A factory girl or a domestic servant who has been for years mistress of a comfortable and regular wage will prefer the superior social position of a married woman with its cottage and tiny garden and probable baby, even though she entirely loses the command of money."

In back numbers there are articles on women in other countries; in India (December, 1897), in Spain (September, 1898).

The Article on Edinburgh Compositors and Women's Work by Miss. L. Barbara Bradby in the number of December, 1898, should be read in connection with the author's paper in the ECONOMIC JOURNAL for March, 1899. She puts very squarely the issue :

"Should women demand wages calculated on the basis of four mouths to feed, or is it right that they should undersell men to cheapen production, so long as their pay is sufficient to maintain themselves?"

Quarterly Journal of Economics (Boston).
July, 1899.

Expansion and Protection. H. H. POWERS. Protection which rests more on national prejudice than logic may give way before the unconscious incentives which have prompted the recent policy of conquest.

On the Value of Money. W. CUNNINGHAM. The question "What. was the value of a shekel in the time of Esarhaddon? is insoluble.

"We can never hope to get information as to the changes in the value of money generally, except when we confine our investigation to short periods in which there is no real change in the arts of life, in the composition of society,. or in the tastes and requirements of its members."

The Sociological Frontier of Economics. E. A. Ross.

Economics-like Russia-is bounded on one side by an uncertain and disputed frontier.

The Preconceptions of Economic Science. T. VEBLEN.

The Settlements with the Pacific Railways. H. R. MEYER.

The transactions by which the Union and Central Pacific railroad have severed their connection with Government are minutely described..

No. 35.-VOL. IX

K K

Political Science Quarterly (New York).

June, 1899.

Prices in the Confederate States. Prof. T. C. SCHWAB.

A valuable study of the effect on prices, of quantity of currency, confidence in the issuing Government, restricted supply of commodities. The use of weighted or unweighted averages is well illustrated.

City and County Taxes. MAX WEST.

American Academy of Political and Social Science (Philadelphia). July, 1899.

The relative stability of gold and silver. E. S. MEADE.

From Mr. Atkinson's and other statistics it is argued that silver has been more stable than gold for long periods, less stable for short periods. But what has been might not be under altered circumstances, and the author avoids "economic gerundives."

Revue d'Économie Politique (Paris).
June, 1899.

Sismondi. HITIER. Les "offices du travail." J. DE FENYVESSY.

Journal des Économistes.

June, 1899.

La réforme des corporations de métiers prussiennes au XVIIIe siècle. M. E. CASTELOT. Mouvement scientifique et industriel. DANIEL BELLET. Revue de l'académie des sciences morales et politiques. M. J. LEFORT. De la prévision en économie politique. M. CH. LIMOUSIN. Lettre du Japon.

July.

La loi d'évolution et de progrès moral des sociétés et le socialisme. ERNEST MARTINEAU. Encore les imprévoyants de l'avenir, les vétérans des armées de terre et de mer. EUGENE ROCHETIN. Le mouvement financier et commercial. MAURICE ZABLET. Budgets ouvriers. ALEX. PEREZ MOREYRA. Les attributions et occupations de l'état en Italie. EDOARDO GIRETTI. Les impots en Italie. D. B.

August.

Le travail en soi. On ne paie pas le travail, mais ses résultats. MAURICE BLOCK. Le droit de grève du personnel des services publics. VILFREDO PARETO. Forbonnais. VERON-DUVERGER. Le mouvement agricole. L. GRANDEAU. La question monétaire aux Indés: conclusions du rapport de la commission d'enquête. ARTHUR RAFFALOVICH. La mission Lyonnaise en Chine. L. R. Définition et méthodes en science économique a propos d'une étude récente. ANDRE LIESSE.

Archiv für Soziale Gesetzgebung . . . (Berlin).

Band XIV. Heft 1 and 2.

Die gewerbliche Arbeit und ihre Organisation. Prof. D. W. SOMBART. Die Entwicklung der Bestrebungen für internationalen Arbeiterschutz. Dr. G. COHN.

WHEN, in 1881, the Swiss Confederation first tried to induce the different Governments of European States to send delegates to an International Conference for the purpose of what was then called an International Factory Legislation, the author showed (Conrad's Jahrbücher, 1881) the difficulties, or rather the impossibility, of such a project. The Berlin Conference of 1890 and its results were an experiment to prove what he had written. At the present moment the old plan has been reduced to some endeavours to form an International League which aims at something like favouring, by the influence of public opinion, the progress of Factory Legislation in different countries. (cf. ECONOMIC JOURNAL, June 1899, p. 333-4).

Jahrbücher der Nationaloekonomie (Jena).

June, 1899.

Die krisis der Sozialdemokratie. W. SIMKHOWITSCH.

BELOCH, JULIUS.

July.

Bevölkerunggeschichte der Republic Venedig. An

inquiry into the number and density of the Venetian population from the 15th Century to the French Revolution.

Finanz Archiv (Stuttgart). 16er Jahrgang. 1er Band.

Die Kostendeckung beim öffentlichen Schullwesen en Preussen. A. ETIENNE. Zur Lehre vom Budget und rechnungswesen des Staates. K. WILLGREM. [Contains notes on budgetary methods with reference to the writings of Schanz on the subject.] Das Finanzwesen Italiens Jahr 1897. C. MÜHLING. Finanzielle Fragen aus der letzten Parlements-session in England. C. H. P. INHÜLSEN. [Gives an account of the Parliamentary discussions on Indian finance and currency and on the financial relations of Great Britain and Ireland.]

THE Zeitschrift für Volkswirtschaft, Vol. VIII., contains an article by Mosco Wienez, on "Internationale Zuckerprämrien-politik," of which the conclusion relating to the Indian countervailing duties is of special interest to the English reader.

Verwaltungsarchiv. Zeitschrift für Verwaltungsrecht und Verwaltungsgerichts barkeit. Vol. VII. 1899. July. Berlin. GUSTAV COHN, über Strassenbeiträge.

THE question of special assessments (Betterment Tax) is here discussed on the ground of the Prussian law of 1875. Starting from the general principles of taxation the author shows the necessity of reforming the embryonic state of the law, as warranted by economic theory as well as by practical experience.

In recent numbers of the Ekonomisk Tidskrift received from Stockholm, the most noteworthy article is one by Knut Wicksell entitled "Om öfverflyttning af Skatt," which gives special attention to the incidence of Customs duties, and arrives at interesting results in the special case of the taxation of sugar. The historical sketch of the theory of incidence and the writer's use of his own mathematical method also deserve attention.

Giornale degli Economisti (Rome).
June, 1899.

L'Origine del Baratto: a Proposito di un nuovo studio del cognetti. M. PANTALEONI. Profili Statistici delle Nazionalità in Austria-Ungheria. A. NICEFORO. Gli Zuccheri di Barbabietola e la Finanza. R. CAVALIERI and B. STRINGHER. Scioperi in Italia e all' estero nel 1897. A. BERTOLINI.

July.

L'Origine del Baratto: a Proposito di un nuovo studio del cognetti. M. PANTALEONI. La Distribuzione dell' imposta. A. PLEBANO. Sul movimento dei forestieri in Italia e sul denaro che vi spendono. L. BODIO. Anchora lo zucchero e la finanza. B. STRINGHER. Il prodotto dell' imposta di ricchezza mobile. A. LIA.

August.

Sulle equazioni della circolazione. L. WALRAS. L'Assistenza ai fanciulli poveri, orfani o moralmente abbandonati o maltrattati. E. RASERI. La distribuzione dell' imposta. A. PLEBANO. La Banca di Francia. G. FRANÇOIS. Nicolai-on-die Volkswirtschaft in Russland nach der Bauern-Emancipation. C. DRagoni.

NEW BOOKS.

CHANCE (W.). Our Treatment of the Poor. London: King. 2s. 6d.

CHAPMAN (SYDNEY). Local Government and State Aid. London : Swan Sonnenschein. Pp. 142.

MARSHALL (ALFRED). Elements of Economics of Industry. Third Edition. London: Macmillan and Co. Pp. 421.

[In this edition some matters difficult to beginners have been omitted or relegated to appendices. A considerable part of Books I., II., III., and V. has been rewritten.]

PEARSE (WILLIAM). The Rudiments of the Currency Question, Explaining the Principal Terms used in the Controversy. London: Effingham Wilson. 1899. 6d.

PHEAR (SIR J. B.). Notes on Money and International Exchanges. London Effingham Wilson. 1899. 1899. 1s.

BEMIS (E. W.), with J. R. Commons, F. Parsons, M. M. Baker, F. Perrine, and M. West. Municipal Monopolies. Papers by the Several Collaborators. New York: T. J. Crowell. 8vo. $2.00.

[Mr. M. N. Baker, of the Engineering News of New York City, writes upon water-works; Professor John R. Commons, of Syracuse University, and Professor F. A. C. Perrine, of the Engineering Department of Leland Stanford University, discuss electric lighting; Mr. Max West, Ph.D., of the Agricultural Department at Washington, describes New York City franchises; and Professor Frank Parsons, of the Boston School of Law and the Kansas State Agricultural College, treats of the telephone, and the legal aspects of municipal problems. Professor Bemis, of the State Agricultural College, Kansas, supplies some information on various phases f the electric light, gas and street railway questions. The general attitude is in favour of municipal ownership.]

BRYAN (A. C.). History of State Banking in Maryland. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press. 8vo. $1.00.

[State banking was chiefly of importance in Maryland before the Civil War and the days of national banks.]

CLOW (F. R.). Economics as a School Study. Publication of American Economic Association. New York: Macmillan Co. 50c.

[An inquiry as to the extent to which economics enters in the curriculum o public high schools in the United States, and an advocacy of its wider introduction.]

HENDERSON (C. R.). Social Settlements. New York: Lentilhon and Co. 18mo. 50c.

[An historical sketch of Social Settlements, including a full list of all established, by Professor Henderson of the University of Chicago. It forms one of a series of Handbooks for Practical (Church) Workers.]

JORDAN (D. S.). Imperial Democracy. New York: D. Appleton and Co. 12mo. $1.50

[A statement by the distinguished President of Leland Stanford University of his reasons for opposing the policy of "imperialism."]

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